Skip to main content
Top

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. Material Properties

Authors : Victor Kenneth Champagne Jr., Aaron Nardi, Dennis Helfritch, Matt Siopis

Published in: Practical Cold Spray

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Cold spray technology is beneficial for a wide variety of applications. Cold spray is used extensively for the dimensional restoration of components and also for wear and corrosion-resistant coatings on many substrates. Cold spray deposits are very dense and can be applied to heat-sensitive substrates, because it operates below the melting point of both the substrate and the feedstock powder. The cold spray deposit often has material properties comparable to or equal to that of the wrought material (in some cases even higher, i.e., 5056Al), and the cold spray process can produce thick deposits to repair damaged, worn, or corroded parts. Cold spray can be used as an additive manufacturing process to produce parts. The aim of this chapter is to provide insight into the properties of high-pressure cold spray materials. It is important to note that the data in this chapter relate exclusively to high pressure–temperature cold spray, and the combination of the high strength and the ductility needed for structural applications was not provided by low-pressure systems.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference V. Champagne, D. Helfritch, Critical assessment 11: structural repairs by cold spray. Mater. Sci. Technol. 31(6), 627–634 (2015)CrossRef V. Champagne, D. Helfritch, Critical assessment 11: structural repairs by cold spray. Mater. Sci. Technol. 31(6), 627–634 (2015)CrossRef
2.
go back to reference X. Wang, B. Zhang, J. Lv, S. Yin, Investigation on the clogging behavior and additional wall cooling for the axial-injection cold spray nozzle. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 24(4), 696–701 (2015)CrossRef X. Wang, B. Zhang, J. Lv, S. Yin, Investigation on the clogging behavior and additional wall cooling for the axial-injection cold spray nozzle. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 24(4), 696–701 (2015)CrossRef
3.
go back to reference V. Champagne, The repair of magnesium rotorcraft components by cold spray. J. Fail. Anal. Prev. 8, 164–175 (2008)CrossRef V. Champagne, The repair of magnesium rotorcraft components by cold spray. J. Fail. Anal. Prev. 8, 164–175 (2008)CrossRef
4.
go back to reference M. Yandouzi, S. Gaydos, D. Guo, R. Ghelichi, B. Jodoin, Aircraft skin restoration and evaluation. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 23(8), 1281–1290 (2014)CrossRef M. Yandouzi, S. Gaydos, D. Guo, R. Ghelichi, B. Jodoin, Aircraft skin restoration and evaluation. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 23(8), 1281–1290 (2014)CrossRef
5.
go back to reference V.K. Champagne Jr., D. Kaplowitz, V.K. Champagne III, C. Howe, M.K. West, B. McNally, M. Rokni, Dissimilar metal joining and structural repair of ZE41A-T5 cast magnesium by the cold spray (CS) process. Mater. Manuf. Process 33(2), 130–139 (2018)CrossRef V.K. Champagne Jr., D. Kaplowitz, V.K. Champagne III, C. Howe, M.K. West, B. McNally, M. Rokni, Dissimilar metal joining and structural repair of ZE41A-T5 cast magnesium by the cold spray (CS) process. Mater. Manuf. Process 33(2), 130–139 (2018)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference A. Nardi, X. Wang, J. Sharon, M. Mordaski, M. Espinal, Cold spray materials and process development at UTRC, in Proceedings Cold Spray Action Team Meeting A. Nardi, X. Wang, J. Sharon, M. Mordaski, M. Espinal, Cold spray materials and process development at UTRC, in Proceedings Cold Spray Action Team Meeting
7.
go back to reference Instron, Model R.R, Moore, high speed rotating beam fatigue testing machine operating instructions (Instron Corporation, Norwood, MA, 2004) Instron, Model R.R, Moore, high speed rotating beam fatigue testing machine operating instructions (Instron Corporation, Norwood, MA, 2004)
8.
go back to reference E. Sansoucy, G.E. Kim, A.L. Moran, B. Jodoin, Mechanical characteristics of Al-Co-Ce coatings produced by the cold spray process. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 16(5), 651–660 (2007)CrossRef E. Sansoucy, G.E. Kim, A.L. Moran, B. Jodoin, Mechanical characteristics of Al-Co-Ce coatings produced by the cold spray process. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 16(5), 651–660 (2007)CrossRef
9.
go back to reference T. Stoltenhoff, F. Zimmermann, LOXPlate® coatings for aluminum aerospace components exposed to high dynamic stresses (Praxair Surface Technologies GmbH, Ratingen, 2012) T. Stoltenhoff, F. Zimmermann, LOXPlate® coatings for aluminum aerospace components exposed to high dynamic stresses (Praxair Surface Technologies GmbH, Ratingen, 2012)
10.
go back to reference A. Nardi, Additive manufacturing for in-field repair, in Proceedings of the Cold Spray Action Team Meeting A. Nardi, Additive manufacturing for in-field repair, in Proceedings of the Cold Spray Action Team Meeting
11.
go back to reference USDOD, Metallic materials and elements for aerospace vehicle structures (Department of Defense Handbook, U.S. Department of Defense, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA, 2003) USDOD, Metallic materials and elements for aerospace vehicle structures (Department of Defense Handbook, U.S. Department of Defense, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA, 2003)
12.
go back to reference K. Spencer, V. Luzin, N. Matthews, M.-X. Zhang, Residual stresses in cold spray Al coatings: the effect of alloying and of process parameters. Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 4249–4255 (2012)CrossRef K. Spencer, V. Luzin, N. Matthews, M.-X. Zhang, Residual stresses in cold spray Al coatings: the effect of alloying and of process parameters. Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 4249–4255 (2012)CrossRef
13.
go back to reference F. Gärtner, T. Stoltenhoff, T. Schmidt, H. Kreye, The cold spray process and its potential for industrial applications. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 15(2), 223–232 (2006)CrossRef F. Gärtner, T. Stoltenhoff, T. Schmidt, H. Kreye, The cold spray process and its potential for industrial applications. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 15(2), 223–232 (2006)CrossRef
14.
go back to reference T. Stoltenhoff, C. Borchers, F. Gärtner, H. Kreye, Microstructures and key properties of cold-sprayed and thermally sprayed copper coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 200(16–17), 4947–4960 (2006)CrossRef T. Stoltenhoff, C. Borchers, F. Gärtner, H. Kreye, Microstructures and key properties of cold-sprayed and thermally sprayed copper coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 200(16–17), 4947–4960 (2006)CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Y.-J. Li, X.-T. Luo, H. Rashid, C.-J. Li, A new approach to prepare fully dense Cu with high conductivities and anti-corrosion performance by cold spray. J. Alloys Compd. 740, 406–413 (2018)CrossRef Y.-J. Li, X.-T. Luo, H. Rashid, C.-J. Li, A new approach to prepare fully dense Cu with high conductivities and anti-corrosion performance by cold spray. J. Alloys Compd. 740, 406–413 (2018)CrossRef
16.
go back to reference X.-T. Luo, C.-X. Li, F.-L. Shang, G.-J. Yang, Y.-Y. Wang, C.-J. Li, J. J. O. T. S. T, WC-Co composite coating deposited by cold spraying of a core-shell-structured WC-CO powder 24(1), 100–107 (2015) X.-T. Luo, C.-X. Li, F.-L. Shang, G.-J. Yang, Y.-Y. Wang, C.-J. Li, J. J. O. T. S. T, WC-Co composite coating deposited by cold spraying of a core-shell-structured WC-CO powder 24(1), 100–107 (2015)
17.
go back to reference P. Coddet, C. Verdy, C. Coddet, F. Debray, On the mechanical and electrical properties of copper-silver and copper-silver-zirconium alloys deposits manufactured by cold spray. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 662, 72–79 (2016)CrossRef P. Coddet, C. Verdy, C. Coddet, F. Debray, On the mechanical and electrical properties of copper-silver and copper-silver-zirconium alloys deposits manufactured by cold spray. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 662, 72–79 (2016)CrossRef
18.
go back to reference D.-Y. Kim, J.-J. Park, J.-G. Lee, D. Kim, S. Tark, S. Ahn, J. Yun, J. Gwak, K. Yoon, S. Chandra, S. Yoon, Cold spray deposition of copper electrodes on silicon and glass substrates. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 22(7), 1092–1102 (2013)CrossRef D.-Y. Kim, J.-J. Park, J.-G. Lee, D. Kim, S. Tark, S. Ahn, J. Yun, J. Gwak, K. Yoon, S. Chandra, S. Yoon, Cold spray deposition of copper electrodes on silicon and glass substrates. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 22(7), 1092–1102 (2013)CrossRef
19.
go back to reference R. Tapphorn, J. Henness, H. Gabel, Direct write of antenna aperstructures and electronic interconnects using kinetic metallization, in Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference R. Tapphorn, J. Henness, H. Gabel, Direct write of antenna aperstructures and electronic interconnects using kinetic metallization, in Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference
20.
go back to reference V. Champagne, D. Helfritch, E. Wienhold, J. DeHaven, Deposition of copper micro-circuitry by capillary focusing. J. Micromech. Microeng. 23, 1–6 (2013)CrossRef V. Champagne, D. Helfritch, E. Wienhold, J. DeHaven, Deposition of copper micro-circuitry by capillary focusing. J. Micromech. Microeng. 23, 1–6 (2013)CrossRef
21.
go back to reference B. Gabriel, M. Trexler, V. Champagne, A. Nardi, Comparison of titanium cold spray coatings, in Proceedings of the International Therma Spray Conference (ASM International) B. Gabriel, M. Trexler, V. Champagne, A. Nardi, Comparison of titanium cold spray coatings, in Proceedings of the International Therma Spray Conference (ASM International)
22.
go back to reference W. Wong, A. Rezaeian, E. Irissou, J.G. Legoux, S. Yue, Cold spray characteristics of commercially pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V, in Proceedings of the Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publ, pp. 639–644 W. Wong, A. Rezaeian, E. Irissou, J.G. Legoux, S. Yue, Cold spray characteristics of commercially pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V, in Proceedings of the Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publ, pp. 639–644
23.
go back to reference S. Gulizia, Cold spray additive manufacturing: from the laboratory to the market, in Proceedings of the North American Cold Spray Conference (ASM International) S. Gulizia, Cold spray additive manufacturing: from the laboratory to the market, in Proceedings of the North American Cold Spray Conference (ASM International)
24.
go back to reference O.C. Ozdemir, C.A. Widener, M.J. Carter, K.W. Johnson, Predicting the effects of powder feeding rates on particle impact conditions and cold spray deposited coatings. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 26(7), 1598–1615 (2017)CrossRef O.C. Ozdemir, C.A. Widener, M.J. Carter, K.W. Johnson, Predicting the effects of powder feeding rates on particle impact conditions and cold spray deposited coatings. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 26(7), 1598–1615 (2017)CrossRef
25.
go back to reference M. Faccoli, G. Cornacchia, D. Maestrini, G.P. Marconi, R. Roberti, Cold spray repair of martensitic stainless steel components. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 23(8), 1270–1280 (2014)CrossRef M. Faccoli, G. Cornacchia, D. Maestrini, G.P. Marconi, R. Roberti, Cold spray repair of martensitic stainless steel components. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 23(8), 1270–1280 (2014)CrossRef
26.
go back to reference P. Coddet, C. Verdy, C. Coddet, F. Debray, F. Lecouturier, Mechanical properties of thick 304L stainless steel deposits processed by He cold spray. Surf. Coat. Technol. 277, 74–80 (2015)CrossRef P. Coddet, C. Verdy, C. Coddet, F. Debray, F. Lecouturier, Mechanical properties of thick 304L stainless steel deposits processed by He cold spray. Surf. Coat. Technol. 277, 74–80 (2015)CrossRef
27.
go back to reference W. Wong, E. Irissou, P. Vo, M. Sone, F. Bernier, J.-G. Legoux, H. Fukanuma, S. Yue, Cold spray forming of Inconel 718. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 22(2–3), 413–421 (2013)CrossRef W. Wong, E. Irissou, P. Vo, M. Sone, F. Bernier, J.-G. Legoux, H. Fukanuma, S. Yue, Cold spray forming of Inconel 718. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 22(2–3), 413–421 (2013)CrossRef
28.
go back to reference F. Raletz, G. Ezo’o, Cold spraying of nickel based powders. Surf. Modif. Technol. XVIII, 445–447 (2006) F. Raletz, G. Ezo’o, Cold spraying of nickel based powders. Surf. Modif. Technol. XVIII, 445–447 (2006)
29.
go back to reference J.H. Underwood, R.H. Carter, E. Troiano, A.P. Parker, Mechanics design models for advanced pressure vessels: autofrettage with higher strength steel; steel liner-composite jacket configurations; alternative thermal barrier coatings, in Proceedings of the Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, pp. 1–11 J.H. Underwood, R.H. Carter, E. Troiano, A.P. Parker, Mechanics design models for advanced pressure vessels: autofrettage with higher strength steel; steel liner-composite jacket configurations; alternative thermal barrier coatings, in Proceedings of the Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, pp. 1–11
30.
go back to reference J. Bucholz, S. Kaufmann, G. Schlenkert, Process for coating the inner surface of a gun barrel, E. P. Office, ed J. Bucholz, S. Kaufmann, G. Schlenkert, Process for coating the inner surface of a gun barrel, E. P. Office, ed
31.
go back to reference S. A. Miller, O. Schmidt-Park, P. Kumar, R. Wu, S. Sun, S. Zimmermann, Methods of forming sputtering targets, Google Patents (2012) S. A. Miller, O. Schmidt-Park, P. Kumar, R. Wu, S. Sun, S. Zimmermann, Methods of forming sputtering targets, Google Patents (2012)
32.
go back to reference M.D. Trexler, R. Carter, W.S. De Rosset, D. Gray, D.J. Helfritch, V.K. Champagne, Cold spray fabrication of refractory materials for gun barrel liner applications. Mater. Manuf. Process. 27(8), 820–824 (2012)CrossRef M.D. Trexler, R. Carter, W.S. De Rosset, D. Gray, D.J. Helfritch, V.K. Champagne, Cold spray fabrication of refractory materials for gun barrel liner applications. Mater. Manuf. Process. 27(8), 820–824 (2012)CrossRef
33.
go back to reference T. Johnson, (2012) Metal coated particles and defense applications, in Cold Spray Action Team Meeting (Worcester, MA, USA) T. Johnson, (2012) Metal coated particles and defense applications, in Cold Spray Action Team Meeting (Worcester, MA, USA)
34.
go back to reference V. Champagne, The Cold Spray Materials Deposition Process: Fundamentals and Applications (Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, England, 2007), pp. 1–362 V. Champagne, The Cold Spray Materials Deposition Process: Fundamentals and Applications (Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, England, 2007), pp. 1–362
35.
go back to reference P. Patel, T.R. Hull, R.W. McCabe, D. Flath, J. Grasmeder, M. Percy, Mechanism of thermal decomposition of poly (ether ether ketone)(PEEK) from a review of decomposition studies. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 95(5), 709–718 (2010)CrossRef P. Patel, T.R. Hull, R.W. McCabe, D. Flath, J. Grasmeder, M. Percy, Mechanism of thermal decomposition of poly (ether ether ketone)(PEEK) from a review of decomposition studies. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 95(5), 709–718 (2010)CrossRef
36.
go back to reference J. Denault, M. Dumouchel, Consolidation process of PEEK/carbon composite for aerospace applications. Adv. Performan. Mater. 5(1–2), 83–96 (1998)CrossRef J. Denault, M. Dumouchel, Consolidation process of PEEK/carbon composite for aerospace applications. Adv. Performan. Mater. 5(1–2), 83–96 (1998)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Material Properties
Authors
Victor Kenneth Champagne Jr.
Aaron Nardi
Dennis Helfritch
Matt Siopis
Copyright Year
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70056-0_5

Premium Partners