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2010 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Mechanisms of Adhesion in Adult Barnacles

Authors : Anne Marie Power, Waltraud Klepal, Vanessa Zheden, Jaimie Jonker, Paul McEvilly, Janek von Byern

Published in: Biological Adhesive Systems

Publisher: Springer Vienna

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Barnacles belong to the phylum Crustacea (following the taxonomy of

Newman, 1987

), which makes them segmented animals with jointed limbs, an exoskeleton that periodically moults, and a complex lifecycle involving metamorphosis between larval and adult forms. The group of crustaceans to which barnacles belong, the Cirripedia, has a unique larval form — the cyprid. This life history stage is adapted to locate a spot on which to permanently settle, develop, grow, and survive for the rest of its life. Barnacles have a worldwide distribution and various lifestyles, from parasitic species on the gills of decapod crustaceans to free-living groups. The free-living groups are adapted to permanently attach

via

cement onto other living organisms, rocks or man-made materials, and barnacle “fouling” on marine installations and cargo ships is increasingly of economic concern (

Adamson and Brown, 2002

). Within the free-living barnacles, a further division is recognized between acorn (Order Sessilia) and stalked (Order Pedunculata) forms. Certain stalked species are termed “pleustonic” due to a lifestyle at the air/water interface (see

Bainbridge and Roskell, 1966

) and these are the species which will be emphasized in this chapter (

Fig.9.1A-C

).

Fig.9.1

(A)

Lepas anatifera

showing capitulum (

cap

) and peduncle (

p

), scale bar 1 cm; (B) pleustonic species

L. Anatifera

attached to glass and

Dosima fascicularis

with glue fl oat; (C)

D. Fascicularis

with fl oat (

f

), scale bar 1 cm; (D) transverse section of peduncle in

L. Anatifera

stained using AZAN (Kiernan, 1999) showing position of the cuticle lining of the peduncle (

c

), circular and longitudinal muscle layers (

mu

), ovarioles (o), hemocoelic space (

h

) and glue gland cells (

g

), scale bar 500 µm; (E) schematic of glue apparatus in

L. Anatifera

including the position of the ovarioles/glue glands (

o/g

) in the peduncle and principal canal (

pc

); (F) schematic of detailed glue glands in

L. Anatifera

including mature cement gland (

mcg

), young cement gland (

ycg

), lumen (

lu

) of the principal canal, vacuole (

vac

), collector canal (

cc

), secondary canal (

sc

), intracellular canal (

ic

), large nucleus with numerous nucleoli (

n

). Schematic in B is reproduced with permission from Ankel (1962) and drawings in E and F are reprinted with permission of Lacombe and Liguori (1969)

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Metadata
Title
Mechanisms of Adhesion in Adult Barnacles
Authors
Anne Marie Power
Waltraud Klepal
Vanessa Zheden
Jaimie Jonker
Paul McEvilly
Janek von Byern
Copyright Year
2010
Publisher
Springer Vienna
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0286-2_9

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