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18-05-2019 | Original Research

Microfibrillated cellulose modified with urea and its reinforcement for starch-based bionanocomposites

Authors: Yu Tian, PuXin Zhu, Mi Zhou, Ronghui Guo, Fei Cheng, Yi Lin, Rundi Yang

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 10/2019

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to improve the dispersion of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in starch matrix. For this, a kind of urea-modified microfibrillated cellulose (U-MFC) was prepared with microwave-aided method from MFC and urea. The introduction of the carbamate group in MFC was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen content analysis. A better one of the modified fillers, 300 WU, was prepared under conditions of microwave power 300 W for 5 min, with the degree of substitution 0.14. Starch/nanocellulose biomass films were prepared by solution casting method. The results relating the properties showed that as the 300 WU content was 4 wt%, the tensile strength of starch/300 WU nanocomposite film increased by 88.3% and 37.4%, compared with the starch film without filler and with starch/MFC composite film with the same content, respectively. Also, the thermal stability of the composite increased slightly, and the transparency of the starch/nanocellulose composite film increased when the filler addition amount was 0.5%. In view of more evenly dispersed U-MFC in starch matrix observed with scanning electron microscope, the mechanism behind the performance improvement was speculated to be that the chemical modification increases the compatibility between MFC and starch matrix.

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Title: Microfibrillated cellulose modified with urea and its reinforcement for starch-based bionanocomposites
Authors: Yu Tian
PuXin Zhu
Mi Zhou
Ronghui Guo
Fei Cheng
Yi Lin
Rundi Yang
Publication date: 18-05-2019
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 10/2019
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02505-x

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