Skip to main content
Top

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Mikroplastik

Author : Andreas Fath

Published in: Mikroplastik

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Zusammenfassung

Kunststoffe, die umgangssprachlich auch als Plastik (nicht zu verwechseln mit einer Plastik oder Skulptur eines Bildhauers) bezeichnet werden, werden aufgrund ihrer Haltbarkeit vielfältig eingesetzt. Dadurch ergeben sich Probleme mit der umweltschonenden Entsorgung, wobei insbesondere Mikroplastik eine besondere Rolle einnimmt.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Abts, G. (2014). Kunststoff-Wissen für Einsteiger (4. Aufl.). München: Hanser.CrossRef Abts, G. (2014). Kunststoff-Wissen für Einsteiger (4. Aufl.). München: Hanser.CrossRef
go back to reference Alonso, M., & Finn, E. J. (2000). Physik (3. Aufl.). München: Hanser. Alonso, M., & Finn, E. J. (2000). Physik (3. Aufl.). München: Hanser.
go back to reference Atkins, P. W. (2013). Physikalische Chemie (5. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. Atkins, P. W. (2013). Physikalische Chemie (5. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
go back to reference Bakir, A., Rowland, S. J., & Thompson, R. C. (2014). „Enhanced desorption of persistent organic pollutants from microplastic under simulated physiological conditions“. Environmental Pollution, 185, 16.CrossRef Bakir, A., Rowland, S. J., & Thompson, R. C. (2014). „Enhanced desorption of persistent organic pollutants from microplastic under simulated physiological conditions“. Environmental Pollution, 185, 16.CrossRef
go back to reference Barnes, D. K. A. (2005). Remote islands reveal rapid rise of southern hemisphere, sea debris. ScientificWorldJournal, 5, 915–921.CrossRef Barnes, D. K. A. (2005). Remote islands reveal rapid rise of southern hemisphere, sea debris. ScientificWorldJournal, 5, 915–921.CrossRef
go back to reference BMG (Bundesministerium für Gesundheit). (Hrsg.) (2005). Stoffmonographie Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-Referenzwerte für 5oxo-MEHP und 5OH-MEHP im Urin. Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 48(6), 706–722. BMG (Bundesministerium für Gesundheit). (Hrsg.) (2005). Stoffmonographie Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-Referenzwerte für 5oxo-MEHP und 5OH-MEHP im Urin. Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 48(6), 706–722.
go back to reference Bohren, C. F., & Huffman, D. R. (2008). Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. New York: Wiley-VCH. Bohren, C. F., & Huffman, D. R. (2008). Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. New York: Wiley-VCH.
go back to reference Boucher, J., & Friot, D. (2017). Primary microplastics in the oceans: A global evaluation of sources (S. 43). Gland: IUCN.CrossRef Boucher, J., & Friot, D. (2017). Primary microplastics in the oceans: A global evaluation of sources (S. 43). Gland: IUCN.CrossRef
go back to reference Brandmüller, J., & Moser, H. (1962). Einführung in die Ramanspektroskopie. Wissenschaftliche Forschungsberichte. Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 70. Steinkopff: Darmstadt. Brandmüller, J., & Moser, H. (1962). Einführung in die Ramanspektroskopie. Wissenschaftliche Forschungsberichte. Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 70. Steinkopff: Darmstadt.
go back to reference Braun, U., Bahr, H., & Schartel, B. (2010). Fire retardancy effect of aluminium phosphinate and melamine polyphosphate in glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6. EPolymers 41, 1–14. Braun, U., Bahr, H., & Schartel, B. (2010). Fire retardancy effect of aluminium phosphinate and melamine polyphosphate in glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6. EPolymers 41, 1–14.
go back to reference Braun, G., Brüll, U., Alberti, J., & Furtmann, K. (2001). „Vorkommen von Phthalaten in Oberflächenwasser und Abwasser“. Essen: Landesumweltamt NRW Braun, G., Brüll, U., Alberti, J., & Furtmann, K. (2001). „Vorkommen von Phthalaten in Oberflächenwasser und Abwasser“. Essen: Landesumweltamt NRW
go back to reference Bravo, R., et al. (2012). Plastic ingestion by harbour seals in the Netherlands. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 67, 200–2002.CrossRef Bravo, R., et al. (2012). Plastic ingestion by harbour seals in the Netherlands. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 67, 200–2002.CrossRef
go back to reference Briehl, H. (2008). Chemie der Werkstoffe (2. Aufl.). Wiesbaden: Teubner. Briehl, H. (2008). Chemie der Werkstoffe (2. Aufl.). Wiesbaden: Teubner.
go back to reference Browne, M. A., Galloway, T., & Thompson, R. (2007). Microplastic – An emerging contaminant of potential concern? Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 3, 559–566.CrossRef Browne, M. A., Galloway, T., & Thompson, R. (2007). Microplastic – An emerging contaminant of potential concern? Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 3, 559–566.CrossRef
go back to reference Bruker Optik. (2008). Einführung in die FT-IR-Spektroskopie, Version 2.0; Tutorial Bruker. Bruker Optik. (2008). Einführung in die FT-IR-Spektroskopie, Version 2.0; Tutorial Bruker.
go back to reference Buxbaum, L. H. (1968). The degradation of Poly(ethylene terephthalate). Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 7, 182–190.CrossRef Buxbaum, L. H. (1968). The degradation of Poly(ethylene terephthalate). Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 7, 182–190.CrossRef
go back to reference Catarino, A. I., Macchia, V., Sanderson, W. G., Thompson, R. C., & Henry, T. B. (2018). Low levels of microplastics (MP) in wild mussels indicate that MP ingestion by humans is minimal compared to exposure via household fibres fallout during a meal. Environmental Pollution, 237, 675–684.CrossRef Catarino, A. I., Macchia, V., Sanderson, W. G., Thompson, R. C., & Henry, T. B. (2018). Low levels of microplastics (MP) in wild mussels indicate that MP ingestion by humans is minimal compared to exposure via household fibres fallout during a meal. Environmental Pollution, 237, 675–684.CrossRef
go back to reference Chi, Z., Wang, D., & You, H. (2016). „Study on the mechanism of action between dimethyl phthalate and herring sperm DNA at molecular level“. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 51(8), 553–557. Chi, Z., Wang, D., & You, H. (2016). „Study on the mechanism of action between dimethyl phthalate and herring sperm DNA at molecular level“. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 51(8), 553–557.
go back to reference Choi, K., et al. (2012). In Vitro metabolism of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) by various tissues and Cytochrome P 450s of human and rat. Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA, 26(8), 315–322.CrossRef Choi, K., et al. (2012). In Vitro metabolism of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) by various tissues and Cytochrome P 450s of human and rat. Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA, 26(8), 315–322.CrossRef
go back to reference Collard, F., Gilbert, B., Compère, P., Eppe, G., Das, K., Jauniaux, T., et al. (2017). Microplastics in livers of European anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus, L.). Environmental Pollution, 229, 1000–1005.CrossRef Collard, F., Gilbert, B., Compère, P., Eppe, G., Das, K., Jauniaux, T., et al. (2017). Microplastics in livers of European anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus, L.). Environmental Pollution, 229, 1000–1005.CrossRef
go back to reference Cozar, A., et al. (2014). “Plastic debris in the open ocean”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 111, 10239–10244.CrossRef Cozar, A., et al. (2014). “Plastic debris in the open ocean”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 111, 10239–10244.CrossRef
go back to reference Dekant, W., & Vamvakas, S. (1994). „Toxikologie für Chemiker und Biologen“. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer. Dekant, W., & Vamvakas, S. (1994). „Toxikologie für Chemiker und Biologen“. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer.
go back to reference DePuy, C. H., King, R. W., & Cozar, A. (2014). Pyrolytic Cis eliminations. Chemical Reviews, 60, 431–457.CrossRef DePuy, C. H., King, R. W., & Cozar, A. (2014). Pyrolytic Cis eliminations. Chemical Reviews, 60, 431–457.CrossRef
go back to reference Derraik, J. G. B. (2002). The pollution of the marine environmental by plastic debris: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44, 842–852.CrossRef Derraik, J. G. B. (2002). The pollution of the marine environmental by plastic debris: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44, 842–852.CrossRef
go back to reference Dickmann, R. (1933). Studies on the waxmoth Galleria mellonella with particular reference to the digestion of wax by the larvae. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology, 3, 223–246.CrossRef Dickmann, R. (1933). Studies on the waxmoth Galleria mellonella with particular reference to the digestion of wax by the larvae. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology, 3, 223–246.CrossRef
go back to reference Dimitrov, N., Kratofil Krehula, L., Ptiček Siročić, A., & Hrnjak-Murgić, Z. (2013). Analysis of recycled PET bottles products by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 98, 972–979.CrossRef Dimitrov, N., Kratofil Krehula, L., Ptiček Siročić, A., & Hrnjak-Murgić, Z. (2013). Analysis of recycled PET bottles products by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 98, 972–979.CrossRef
go back to reference Dris, R., et al. (2015). Beyond the ocean: Contamination of freshwater ecosystems with (micro-)plastic particles. Environmental Chemistry, 12, 539–550.CrossRef Dris, R., et al. (2015). Beyond the ocean: Contamination of freshwater ecosystems with (micro-)plastic particles. Environmental Chemistry, 12, 539–550.CrossRef
go back to reference Dümichen, E., Barthel, A.-K., Braun, U., Bannick, C. G., Brand, K., Jekel, M., et al. (2015). Analysis of polyethylene microplastics in environmental samples. Water Research, 85, 451–457.CrossRef Dümichen, E., Barthel, A.-K., Braun, U., Bannick, C. G., Brand, K., Jekel, M., et al. (2015). Analysis of polyethylene microplastics in environmental samples. Water Research, 85, 451–457.CrossRef
go back to reference Dümichen, E., Eisentraut, P., Bannick, C. G., Barthel, A.-K., Senz, R., & Braun, U. (2017). Fast identification of microplastics in complex environmental samples by a thermal degradation method. Chemosphere, 174, 572–584.CrossRef Dümichen, E., Eisentraut, P., Bannick, C. G., Barthel, A.-K., Senz, R., & Braun, U. (2017). Fast identification of microplastics in complex environmental samples by a thermal degradation method. Chemosphere, 174, 572–584.CrossRef
go back to reference Düssel, H. J., Rosen, H., & Hummel, D. O. (1976). Feldionen- und Elektronenstoß-Massenspektrometrie von Polymeren und Copolymeren, 5. Aliphatische und aromatische Polyamide und Polyimide. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 177, 2343–2368.CrossRef Düssel, H. J., Rosen, H., & Hummel, D. O. (1976). Feldionen- und Elektronenstoß-Massenspektrometrie von Polymeren und Copolymeren, 5. Aliphatische und aromatische Polyamide und Polyimide. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 177, 2343–2368.CrossRef
go back to reference Dutescu, R. M. (2011). “Expressionsanalyse der nukleären Rezeptoren PPAR-α/γ-1/γ-2 und der Transkriptionsfaktoren T-bet und GATA-3 nach Stimulation von dermalen Endothelzellen mit den Weichmacher, Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalat-Metaboliten 2-Ethylhexanol und 4-Heptanon“; Inauguraldissertation, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Molekulare Diagnostik des Fachbereichs Medizin der Philipps-Universität Marburg. Dutescu, R. M. (2011). “Expressionsanalyse der nukleären Rezeptoren PPAR-α/γ-1/γ-2 und der Transkriptionsfaktoren T-bet und GATA-3 nach Stimulation von dermalen Endothelzellen mit den Weichmacher, Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalat-Metaboliten 2-Ethylhexanol und 4-Heptanon“; Inauguraldissertation, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Molekulare Diagnostik des Fachbereichs Medizin der Philipps-Universität Marburg.
go back to reference Eerkes-Medrano, D., Thompson, R. C., & Aldridge, D. C. (2015). Microplastics in freshwater systems: A review of the emerging threats, identification of knowledge gaps and prioritisation of research needs. Water Research, 75, 63–82.CrossRef Eerkes-Medrano, D., Thompson, R. C., & Aldridge, D. C. (2015). Microplastics in freshwater systems: A review of the emerging threats, identification of knowledge gaps and prioritisation of research needs. Water Research, 75, 63–82.CrossRef
go back to reference EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). (2016). Presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food, with particular focus on seafood. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). EFSA Journal, 14(6), 4501. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). (2016). Presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food, with particular focus on seafood. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). EFSA Journal, 14(6), 4501.
go back to reference Elert, A. M., Becker, R., Duemichen, E., Eisentraut, P., Falkenhagen, J., Sturm, H., & Braun, U. (2017). Comparison of different methods for MP detection: What can we learn from them, and why asking the right question before measurements? Environmental Pollution, Dec 231(Pt 2), 1256–1264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.074. Epub 2017 Sep 21.CrossRef Elert, A. M., Becker, R., Duemichen, E., Eisentraut, P., Falkenhagen, J., Sturm, H., & Braun, U. (2017). Comparison of different methods for MP detection: What can we learn from them, and why asking the right question before measurements? Environmental Pollution, Dec 231(Pt 2), 1256–1264. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​envpol.​2017.​08.​074. Epub 2017 Sep 21.CrossRef
go back to reference Enders, K., Lenz, R., Stedmon, C. A., & Nielsen, T. G. (2015). Abundance, size and polymer composition of marine microplastics ≥10 mm in the Atlantic Ocean and their modelled vertical distribution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 100, 70–81.CrossRef Enders, K., Lenz, R., Stedmon, C. A., & Nielsen, T. G. (2015). Abundance, size and polymer composition of marine microplastics ≥10 mm in the Atlantic Ocean and their modelled vertical distribution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 100, 70–81.CrossRef
go back to reference Engler, R. E. (2012). The complex interaction between marine debris and toxic chemicals in the ocean. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 12302–12315.CrossRef Engler, R. E. (2012). The complex interaction between marine debris and toxic chemicals in the ocean. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 12302–12315.CrossRef
go back to reference Farrell, P., & Nelson, K. (2013). Trophic level transfer of microplastic: Mytilus edulis (L.) to Carcinus maenas (L.). Environmental Pollution, 117, 1–3.CrossRef Farrell, P., & Nelson, K. (2013). Trophic level transfer of microplastic: Mytilus edulis (L.) to Carcinus maenas (L.). Environmental Pollution, 117, 1–3.CrossRef
go back to reference Fath, A. (2010). Hansgrohe – Wassersymposium. Fath, A. (2010). Hansgrohe – Wassersymposium.
go back to reference Fath, A. (2016). Rheines Wasser – 1231 Kilometer mit dem Strom. München: Hanser.CrossRef Fath, A. (2016). Rheines Wasser – 1231 Kilometer mit dem Strom. München: Hanser.CrossRef
go back to reference Fath, A. et al. (2016). „Electrochemical decomposition of fluorinated wetting agents in plating industry waste water“. Water Science & Technology, 73(7), 1659–1666.CrossRef Fath, A. et al. (2016). „Electrochemical decomposition of fluorinated wetting agents in plating industry waste water“. Water Science & Technology, 73(7), 1659–1666.CrossRef
go back to reference Fath, A., Juri Jander, A., Birte Beyer, B., Jonas Loritz, A., Erik Dümichen, C., Martin Knoll, D., & Gunnar Gerdts, B. (2019). Quantification and identification of microplastics in the surface waters of the river Rhine and the river Tennessee. Anthropocene: Elsevier. Fath, A., Juri Jander, A., Birte Beyer, B., Jonas Loritz, A., Erik Dümichen, C., Martin Knoll, D., & Gunnar Gerdts, B. (2019). Quantification and identification of microplastics in the surface waters of the river Rhine and the river Tennessee. Anthropocene: Elsevier.
go back to reference Fath, A. et al. (eingereicht). Scientific Reports. „Microplastic entry in homemade food“. Fath, A. et al. (eingereicht). Scientific Reports. „Microplastic entry in homemade food“.
go back to reference Feldhahn, T. (2008). Thesisarbeit, Hochschule Offenburg. Feldhahn, T. (2008). Thesisarbeit, Hochschule Offenburg.
go back to reference Fischer, D., Kaeppler, A., & Eichhorn, K.-J. (2015). Identification of microplastics in the marine environment by raman microspectroscopy and imaging. American Laboratory, 47, 32–34. Fischer, D., Kaeppler, A., & Eichhorn, K.-J. (2015). Identification of microplastics in the marine environment by raman microspectroscopy and imaging. American Laboratory, 47, 32–34.
go back to reference Fuller, S., & Gautam, A. (2016). A procedure for measuring microplastics using pressurized fluid extraction. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(11), 5774–5780. Fuller, S., & Gautam, A. (2016). A procedure for measuring microplastics using pressurized fluid extraction. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(11), 5774–5780.
go back to reference Gächter, R., & Müller, H. (1993). Plastics additives handbook. München: Hanser. Gächter, R., & Müller, H. (1993). Plastics additives handbook. München: Hanser.
go back to reference Galgani, F., Hanke, G., Werner, S., & De Vrees, L. (2013). Marine litter within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Ices Journal of Marine Science, 70, 1055–1064.CrossRef Galgani, F., Hanke, G., Werner, S., & De Vrees, L. (2013). Marine litter within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Ices Journal of Marine Science, 70, 1055–1064.CrossRef
go back to reference González-Castro, M. I., Olea-Serrano, M. F., Rivas-Velasco, A. M., Medina-Rivero, E., Ordon˜ez-Acevedo, L. G., & De León-Rodríguez, A. (2011). “Phthalates and Bisphenols migration in Mexican food cans and plastic food containers”. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 86(6), 627–631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011-0266-3.CrossRef González-Castro, M. I., Olea-Serrano, M. F., Rivas-Velasco, A. M., Medina-Rivero, E., Ordon˜ez-Acevedo, L. G., & De León-Rodríguez, A. (2011). “Phthalates and Bisphenols migration in Mexican food cans and plastic food containers”. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 86(6), 627–631. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s00128-011-0266-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Günzler, H., & Heise, H. M. (2003). IR-Spektroskopie – Eine Einführung (4. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.CrossRef Günzler, H., & Heise, H. M. (2003). IR-Spektroskopie – Eine Einführung (4. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.CrossRef
go back to reference Harrison, J. P. et al. (2012). The applicability of reflectance micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for the detection of synthetic microplastics in marine sediments. Science of the Total Environment, 416, 455–463.CrossRef Harrison, J. P. et al. (2012). The applicability of reflectance micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for the detection of synthetic microplastics in marine sediments. Science of the Total Environment, 416, 455–463.CrossRef
go back to reference Harsch, A., & Kirschner, N. (2014). Entwicklung eines Schnelltests zur Bestimmung des Weichmachergehalts in Kunststoffen. Hochschule Furtwangen. Villingen-Schwenningen: s.n., S. 12, Projektarbeit. Harsch, A., & Kirschner, N. (2014). Entwicklung eines Schnelltests zur Bestimmung des Weichmachergehalts in Kunststoffen. Hochschule Furtwangen. Villingen-Schwenningen: s.n., S. 12, Projektarbeit.
go back to reference Hart, H., Craine, L. E., & Hart, D. J. (2002). Organische Chemie, 2. vollständig überarbeitete und aktualisierte Auflage. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. Hart, H., Craine, L. E., & Hart, D. J. (2002). Organische Chemie, 2. vollständig überarbeitete und aktualisierte Auflage. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
go back to reference Hesse, M., Meier, H., & Zeeh, B. (1987). Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen Chemie (3. Aufl.). Stuttgart: Thieme. Hesse, M., Meier, H., & Zeeh, B. (1987). Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen Chemie (3. Aufl.). Stuttgart: Thieme.
go back to reference Hesse, M., Meier, H., Zeeh, B., Tagg, A. S., Sapp, M., Harrison, J. P., & Ojeda, J. J. (2015). Identification and quantification of microplastics in wastewater using focal plane array-based reflectance micro-FT-IR imaging. Analytical chemistry, 87, 6032–6040.CrossRef Hesse, M., Meier, H., Zeeh, B., Tagg, A. S., Sapp, M., Harrison, J. P., & Ojeda, J. J. (2015). Identification and quantification of microplastics in wastewater using focal plane array-based reflectance micro-FT-IR imaging. Analytical chemistry, 87, 6032–6040.CrossRef
go back to reference Hesse, M., Meier, H., & Zeeh, B. (2016). Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen Chemie (9, überarbeitete Aufl.). New York: Georg Thieme. Hesse, M., Meier, H., & Zeeh, B. (2016). Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen Chemie (9, überarbeitete Aufl.). New York: Georg Thieme.
go back to reference Hinterbuchner, T. (2006). Das Verhalten von Benzotriazolen in Abwasserreingungsanlagen Als DIPLOMARBEIT eingereicht an der Fachhochschule Wels zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Diplom-Ingenieur (FH) von Weber, W. H. & Müller, A & Weiss, Stefan & Seitz, W & Schulz, Wolfgang. (2009). 1H-benzotriazole and tolyltriazoles in the aquatic environment. Occurrence in ground, surface and wastewater. Vom Wasser, 107, 16–24. Hinterbuchner, T. (2006). Das Verhalten von Benzotriazolen in Abwasserreingungsanlagen Als DIPLOMARBEIT eingereicht an der Fachhochschule Wels zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Diplom-Ingenieur (FH) von Weber, W. H. & Müller, A & Weiss, Stefan & Seitz, W & Schulz, Wolfgang. (2009). 1H-benzotriazole and tolyltriazoles in the aquatic environment. Occurrence in ground, surface and wastewater. Vom Wasser, 107, 16–24.
go back to reference Holland, B. J., & Hay, J. N. (2002). The thermal degradation of PET and analogous polyestersmeasured by thermal analysise – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polymer, 43, 1835–1847.CrossRef Holland, B. J., & Hay, J. N. (2002). The thermal degradation of PET and analogous polyestersmeasured by thermal analysise – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polymer, 43, 1835–1847.CrossRef
go back to reference Hüffer, T., & Hofmann, T. (2016). Sorption of non-polar organic compounds by micro-sized plastic particles in aqueous solution. Environmental Pollution, 214, 194–201.CrossRef Hüffer, T., & Hofmann, T. (2016). Sorption of non-polar organic compounds by micro-sized plastic particles in aqueous solution. Environmental Pollution, 214, 194–201.CrossRef
go back to reference Hummel, D. (2017). Untersuchung der Sorption wässrig gelöster organischer Substanzen an Polymerpartikel. Furtwangen: Studiengang NBT. Hummel, D. (2017). Untersuchung der Sorption wässrig gelöster organischer Substanzen an Polymerpartikel. Furtwangen: Studiengang NBT.
go back to reference Imhof, H. K., Schmid, J., Niessner, R., Ivleva, N., & Laforsch, C. (2012). A novel, highlyefficient method for the separation and quantification of plastic particles in sediments of aquatic environments. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 10, 524–537. Imhof, H. K., Schmid, J., Niessner, R., Ivleva, N., & Laforsch, C. (2012). A novel, highlyefficient method for the separation and quantification of plastic particles in sediments of aquatic environments. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 10, 524–537.
go back to reference Imhof, H. K., et al. (2013). Contamination of beach sediments of a subalpine lake with microplastic particles. Current Biology, 23, 867–868.CrossRef Imhof, H. K., et al. (2013). Contamination of beach sediments of a subalpine lake with microplastic particles. Current Biology, 23, 867–868.CrossRef
go back to reference Imhof, H. K., Laforsch, C., Wiesheu, A. C., Schmid, J., Anger, P. M., Niessner, R., et al. (2016). Pigments and plastic in limnetic ecosystems: a qualitative and quantitative study on microparticles of different size classes. Water Research, 98, 64–74.CrossRef Imhof, H. K., Laforsch, C., Wiesheu, A. C., Schmid, J., Anger, P. M., Niessner, R., et al. (2016). Pigments and plastic in limnetic ecosystems: a qualitative and quantitative study on microparticles of different size classes. Water Research, 98, 64–74.CrossRef
go back to reference Ivar do Sul, J. A., & Costa, M. F. (2014). The present and future of microplastic pollution in the marine environment. Environmental Pollution, 185, 352–364.CrossRef Ivar do Sul, J. A., & Costa, M. F. (2014). The present and future of microplastic pollution in the marine environment. Environmental Pollution, 185, 352–364.CrossRef
go back to reference Ivashechkin, P. (2005). „Kurzfassung des Berichts zum Vorhaben: Literaturauswertung zum Vorkommen gefährlicher Stoffe im Abwasser und in Gewässern“. AZ IV 9 – 042 059, für das Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Ivashechkin, P. (2005). „Kurzfassung des Berichts zum Vorhaben: Literaturauswertung zum Vorkommen gefährlicher Stoffe im Abwasser und in Gewässern“. AZ IV 9 – 042 059, für das Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen.
go back to reference Ivleva, N. P., & Nießner, R. (2015). Kunststoffpartikel im Süßwasser. Nachrichten Aus der Chemie, 63, 46–50.CrossRef Ivleva, N. P., & Nießner, R. (2015). Kunststoffpartikel im Süßwasser. Nachrichten Aus der Chemie, 63, 46–50.CrossRef
go back to reference Jander, J. (2017). Mikroplastik in Flüssen und Lebensmitteln. HFU: Masterthesis. Jander, J. (2017). Mikroplastik in Flüssen und Lebensmitteln. HFU: Masterthesis.
go back to reference Käppler, A., Windrich, F., Löder, M. G. J., Malanin, M., Fischer, D., Labrenz, M., et al. (2015). Identification of microplastics by FTIR and Raman microscopy: A novel silicon filter substrate opens the important spectral range below 1300 cm_1 for FTIR transmission measurements. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 407, 6791–6801.CrossRef Käppler, A., Windrich, F., Löder, M. G. J., Malanin, M., Fischer, D., Labrenz, M., et al. (2015). Identification of microplastics by FTIR and Raman microscopy: A novel silicon filter substrate opens the important spectral range below 1300 cm_1 for FTIR transmission measurements. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 407, 6791–6801.CrossRef
go back to reference Kebelmann, K., Hornung, A., Karsten, U., & Griffiths, G. (2013). Intermediate pyrolysis and product identification by TGA and Py-GC/MS of green microalgae and their extracted protein and lipid components. Biomass Bioenergy, 49, 38–48.CrossRef Kebelmann, K., Hornung, A., Karsten, U., & Griffiths, G. (2013). Intermediate pyrolysis and product identification by TGA and Py-GC/MS of green microalgae and their extracted protein and lipid components. Biomass Bioenergy, 49, 38–48.CrossRef
go back to reference Kemmlein, S., Hahn, O., & Jann, O. (2003). Emissionen von Flammschutzmitteln aus Bauprodukten und Konsumgütern. project no. (UFOPLAN reference no.) 299 65 321, Environmental Research Programme of the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, commissioned by the Federal Environmental Agency (UBA), UBA-FB 000475, Berlin. Kemmlein, S., Hahn, O., & Jann, O. (2003). Emissionen von Flammschutzmitteln aus Bauprodukten und Konsumgütern. project no. (UFOPLAN reference no.) 299 65 321, Environmental Research Programme of the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, commissioned by the Federal Environmental Agency (UBA), UBA-FB 000475, Berlin.
go back to reference Kershaw, P. J. (2014). Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: A global assessment. Report & Studies GESAMP, 90(96), 2015. Kershaw, P. J. (2014). Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: A global assessment. Report & Studies GESAMP, 90(96), 2015.
go back to reference Klein, S., Worch, E., & Knepper, P. (2015). Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in river shore sediments of the rhine-main area in Germany. Environmental science & technology, 49, 6070–6076.CrossRef Klein, S., Worch, E., & Knepper, P. (2015). Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in river shore sediments of the rhine-main area in Germany. Environmental science & technology, 49, 6070–6076.CrossRef
go back to reference Klöpffer, W. (2012). Verhalten und Abbau von Umweltchemikalien (2. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.CrossRef Klöpffer, W. (2012). Verhalten und Abbau von Umweltchemikalien (2. Aufl.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.CrossRef
go back to reference Kurzenberger, I. (2010). Benzotriazole in der aquatischen Umwelt – Entwicklung einer spurenanalytischen Bestimmungsmethode und Verhalten bei der Trinkwasseraufbereitung, Diplomarbeit, Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Lebensmittelchemie. Kurzenberger, I. (2010). Benzotriazole in der aquatischen Umwelt – Entwicklung einer spurenanalytischen Bestimmungsmethode und Verhalten bei der Trinkwasseraufbereitung, Diplomarbeit, Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Lebensmittelchemie.
go back to reference LAGA (Bund/Länder-Arbeitsgemeinschaft Abfall). (2013). Abschlussbericht LFP-Vorhaben L1.11. „Erarbeitung eines PAK-Schnellerkennungsverfahrens zur Abfalluntersuchung“. Zugegriffen: 28. Mai 2013. LAGA (Bund/Länder-Arbeitsgemeinschaft Abfall). (2013). Abschlussbericht LFP-Vorhaben L1.11. „Erarbeitung eines PAK-Schnellerkennungsverfahrens zur Abfalluntersuchung“. Zugegriffen: 28. Mai 2013.
go back to reference Lagerberg, J. W., et al. (2015). In vitro evaluation of the quality of blood products collected and stored in systems completly free of di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalates plasticized materials. Transfusion, 55(3), 322–531.CrossRef Lagerberg, J. W., et al. (2015). In vitro evaluation of the quality of blood products collected and stored in systems completly free of di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalates plasticized materials. Transfusion, 55(3), 322–531.CrossRef
go back to reference Lart, W. (2018). Sources, fate, effects and consequences for the seafood industry of micro and nanoplastics in the marine environment. Seafish Information Sheet No FS 92.04.19. Grimsby, Seafish. Lart, W. (2018). Sources, fate, effects and consequences for the seafood industry of micro and nanoplastics in the marine environment. Seafish Information Sheet No FS 92.04.19. Grimsby, Seafish.
go back to reference Leser, C. (2015). Zukunftsfähige Verwertungswege des Gärrests von Nawaros und Abfällen nach Kreislaufwirtschaftsprinzip. Hochschule Furtwangen: Thesisarbeit. Leser, C. (2015). Zukunftsfähige Verwertungswege des Gärrests von Nawaros und Abfällen nach Kreislaufwirtschaftsprinzip. Hochschule Furtwangen: Thesisarbeit.
go back to reference Lewin-Kretzschmar, U. (o. J.). Prävention, Kompetenz-Center Gefahrstoffe und biologische Arbeitsstoffe. Berufsgenossenschaft Rohstoffe und chemische Industrie, Leuna. Lewin-Kretzschmar, U. (o. J.). Prävention, Kompetenz-Center Gefahrstoffe und biologische Arbeitsstoffe. Berufsgenossenschaft Rohstoffe und chemische Industrie, Leuna.
go back to reference Liebezeit, G., & Dubaish, F. (2012). Mikroplastik – Quellen, Umweltaspekte und Daten zum Vorkommen im Niedersächsischen Wattenmeer. Zeitschrift der Naturschutz- und Forschungsgemeinschaft Mellumrat, 11(1), 21–31. Liebezeit, G., & Dubaish, F. (2012). Mikroplastik – Quellen, Umweltaspekte und Daten zum Vorkommen im Niedersächsischen Wattenmeer. Zeitschrift der Naturschutz- und Forschungsgemeinschaft Mellumrat, 11(1), 21–31.
go back to reference Lobelle, D., & Cunliffe, M. (2011). Early microbial biofilm formation on marine plastic debris. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62, 197–200.CrossRef Lobelle, D., & Cunliffe, M. (2011). Early microbial biofilm formation on marine plastic debris. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62, 197–200.CrossRef
go back to reference Löder, M. G. J., & Gerdts, G. (2015). Methodology used for the detection and identification of microplasticsda critical appraisal. In M. Bergmann, L. Gutow, & M. Klages (Hrsg.), Marine Anthropogenic Litter (S. 201–227). Cham: Springer.CrossRef Löder, M. G. J., & Gerdts, G. (2015). Methodology used for the detection and identification of microplasticsda critical appraisal. In M. Bergmann, L. Gutow, & M. Klages (Hrsg.), Marine Anthropogenic Litter (S. 201–227). Cham: Springer.CrossRef
go back to reference Löder, M. G. J., Kuczera, M., Mintenig, S., Lorenz, C., & Gerdts, G. (2015b). Focal plane array detector-based micro-Fourier-transform infrared imaging for the analysis of microplastics in environmental samples. Environmental Chemistry, 12, 563–581.CrossRef Löder, M. G. J., Kuczera, M., Mintenig, S., Lorenz, C., & Gerdts, G. (2015b). Focal plane array detector-based micro-Fourier-transform infrared imaging for the analysis of microplastics in environmental samples. Environmental Chemistry, 12, 563–581.CrossRef
go back to reference Lopez L, R., & Mouat, J. (2009). Marine litter in the Northeast Atlantic Region. London: OSPAR Commission. Lopez L, R., & Mouat, J. (2009). Marine litter in the Northeast Atlantic Region. London: OSPAR Commission.
go back to reference Loritz, J., (2014). “Mikroplastikbelastung im Rhein”, Bachelor-Thesisarbeit, HFU. Loritz, J., (2014). “Mikroplastikbelastung im Rhein”, Bachelor-Thesisarbeit, HFU.
go back to reference Lunder, S., Sharp, R., Ling, A., & Colesworthy, C. (2008). Study finds record high levels of toxic fire retardants in breast milk from American mothers. Lunder, S., Sharp, R., Ling, A., & Colesworthy, C. (2008). Study finds record high levels of toxic fire retardants in breast milk from American mothers.
go back to reference Lusher A, Hollman P, & Medonza-Hill. (2017). Microplastics in fisheries and aquaculture. Status of knowledge on their occurrence and implications for aquatic organisms and food safety. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No 615. Rome: FAO. Lusher A, Hollman P, & Medonza-Hill. (2017). Microplastics in fisheries and aquaculture. Status of knowledge on their occurrence and implications for aquatic organisms and food safety. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No 615. Rome: FAO.
go back to reference Maier, R.-D., & Schiller, M. (2016). Handbuch Kunststoff-Additive (4. Aufl.). München: Hanser.CrossRef Maier, R.-D., & Schiller, M. (2016). Handbuch Kunststoff-Additive (4. Aufl.). München: Hanser.CrossRef
go back to reference Manickum, T., & John, W. (2014). Occurrence, fate and environmental risk assessment of endocrine disrupting compounds at the wastewater treatment works in Pietermaritzburg (South Africa). The Science of the Total Environment, 468–469, 584–597.CrossRef Manickum, T., & John, W. (2014). Occurrence, fate and environmental risk assessment of endocrine disrupting compounds at the wastewater treatment works in Pietermaritzburg (South Africa). The Science of the Total Environment, 468–469, 584–597.CrossRef
go back to reference Mato, Y., Isobe, Tomohiko, Takada, Hideshige, Kanehiro, Haruyuki, Ohtake, Chiyoko, & Kaminuma, Tsuguchika. (2001). Plastic resin pellets as a transport medium for toxic chemicals in the marine environment. Environmental Science & Technology, 2, 318–324. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0010498.CrossRef Mato, Y., Isobe, Tomohiko, Takada, Hideshige, Kanehiro, Haruyuki, Ohtake, Chiyoko, & Kaminuma, Tsuguchika. (2001). Plastic resin pellets as a transport medium for toxic chemicals in the marine environment. Environmental Science & Technology, 2, 318–324. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1021/​es0010498.CrossRef
go back to reference Metrio, G. de, Corriero, A., Desantis, S., Zubani, D., Cirillo, F., Deflorio, M., Bridges, C. R., Eicker, J., de la Serna, J. M., Megalofonou, P., & Kime, D. E. (2003). Evidence of a high percentage of intersex in the Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 3, 358–361, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-326x(02)00233-3.CrossRef Metrio, G. de, Corriero, A., Desantis, S., Zubani, D., Cirillo, F., Deflorio, M., Bridges, C. R., Eicker, J., de la Serna, J. M., Megalofonou, P., & Kime, D. E. (2003). Evidence of a high percentage of intersex in the Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 3, 358–361, https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​s0025-326x(02)00233-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Morritt, D., Stefanoudis, P. V., Pearce, D., Crimmen, A., & Clark, P. F. (2014). Plastic in the Thames: A river runs through it. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 78, 196–200.CrossRef Morritt, D., Stefanoudis, P. V., Pearce, D., Crimmen, A., & Clark, P. F. (2014). Plastic in the Thames: A river runs through it. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 78, 196–200.CrossRef
go back to reference Naumer, H., & Heller, W. (1997). Untersuchungsmethoden in der Chemie (2. Aufl.). Stuttgart: Thieme. Naumer, H., & Heller, W. (1997). Untersuchungsmethoden in der Chemie (2. Aufl.). Stuttgart: Thieme.
go back to reference Neek, P., Weinschrott, H., & Fath, A. (2017). Galvanotechnik – „Polycarbonatgehaltsbestimmung mittels Infrarotspektroskopie“, Bd. 1 (S. 30–33). Leuze. Neek, P., Weinschrott, H., & Fath, A. (2017). Galvanotechnik – „Polycarbonatgehaltsbestimmung mittels Infrarotspektroskopie“, Bd. 1 (S. 30–33). Leuze.
go back to reference Oehlmann, J., Schulte-Oehlmann, U., Kloas, W., Jagnytsch, O., Lutz, I., Kusk, K. O., Wollenberger, L., Santos, E. M., Paull, Gr. C., Van Look, K. J. W., & Tyler, C. R. (2009). A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 1526, 2047–2062. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0242.CrossRef Oehlmann, J., Schulte-Oehlmann, U., Kloas, W., Jagnytsch, O., Lutz, I., Kusk, K. O., Wollenberger, L., Santos, E. M., Paull, Gr. C., Van Look, K. J. W., & Tyler, C. R. (2009). A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 1526, 2047–2062. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1098/​rstb.​2008.​0242.CrossRef
go back to reference Ohtani, H., Nagaya, T., Sugimura, Y., & Tsuge, S. (1982). Studies on thermal degradation of aliphatic polyamides by pyrolysis-glass capillary chromatography. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 4, 117–131.CrossRef Ohtani, H., Nagaya, T., Sugimura, Y., & Tsuge, S. (1982). Studies on thermal degradation of aliphatic polyamides by pyrolysis-glass capillary chromatography. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 4, 117–131.CrossRef
go back to reference Ortner, J., & Hensler, G. (1995). Beurteilung von Kunststoffbränden. PDF, 54 S. Ortner, J., & Hensler, G. (1995). Beurteilung von Kunststoffbränden. PDF, 54 S.
go back to reference Patel, M. M., Goyal, B. R., Bhadada, S. V., Bhatt, J. S., & Amin, A. F. (2009). Getting into the brain: Approaches to enhance brain drug delivery. CNS drugs, 1, 35–58.CrossRef Patel, M. M., Goyal, B. R., Bhadada, S. V., Bhatt, J. S., & Amin, A. F. (2009). Getting into the brain: Approaches to enhance brain drug delivery. CNS drugs, 1, 35–58.CrossRef
go back to reference Pillard, D. A., Cornell, J. S., Dufresne, D. L., & Hernandez, M. T. (2001). Toxicity of benzotriazole and benzotriazole derivatives to three aquatic species. Water Research, 35, 557–560.CrossRef Pillard, D. A., Cornell, J. S., Dufresne, D. L., & Hernandez, M. T. (2001). Toxicity of benzotriazole and benzotriazole derivatives to three aquatic species. Water Research, 35, 557–560.CrossRef
go back to reference Rajesh Kumar, S., Asseref, P. M., Dhanasekaran, J., & Krishna Mohan, S. (2014). A new approach with prepregs for reinforcing nitrile rubber with phenolic and benzoxazine resins. RCS Advances, 24, 12526–12533. Rajesh Kumar, S., Asseref, P. M., Dhanasekaran, J., & Krishna Mohan, S. (2014). A new approach with prepregs for reinforcing nitrile rubber with phenolic and benzoxazine resins. RCS Advances, 24, 12526–12533.
go back to reference Reemtsma, T., Miehe, U., Dünnbier, U., & Jekel, M. (2010). Polar pollutants in municipal wastewater and the water cycle: Occurrence and removal of benzotriazoles. Water Research, 44, 596–604.CrossRef Reemtsma, T., Miehe, U., Dünnbier, U., & Jekel, M. (2010). Polar pollutants in municipal wastewater and the water cycle: Occurrence and removal of benzotriazoles. Water Research, 44, 596–604.CrossRef
go back to reference Rippen, G. (1993). „Datensammlung über Umweltchemikalien – Naphthalin“. Handbuch Umweltchemikalien, Ecomed, Loseblattsammlung, 20. Erg. Lieferung. Rippen, G. (1993). „Datensammlung über Umweltchemikalien – Naphthalin“. Handbuch Umweltchemikalien, Ecomed, Loseblattsammlung, 20. Erg. Lieferung.
go back to reference Rosado-Berrios, C. A., et al. (2011). Mitochondrial permeability and toxicity of diethylhexyl and monoethylhexyl phthalates on TK6 human lymphoblasts cells. Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA, 25(8), 2010–2016.CrossRef Rosado-Berrios, C. A., et al. (2011). Mitochondrial permeability and toxicity of diethylhexyl and monoethylhexyl phthalates on TK6 human lymphoblasts cells. Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA, 25(8), 2010–2016.CrossRef
go back to reference Ruff, M., & Singer, H. (2013). “20 Jahre Rheinüberwachung”. Aqua & Gas Nr. 5, S. 16–25. Ruff, M., & Singer, H. (2013). “20 Jahre Rheinüberwachung”. Aqua & Gas Nr. 5, S. 16–25.
go back to reference Saechtling, H., & Baur, E. (2007). Saechtling-Kunststoff-Taschenbuch (30. Aufl.). München: Hanser. Saechtling, H., & Baur, E. (2007). Saechtling-Kunststoff-Taschenbuch (30. Aufl.). München: Hanser.
go back to reference Selke, S. E. M., & Culter, J. D. (2016). Plastics packaging – Properties, processing applications and regulations (3. Aufl.). München: Hanser. Selke, S. E. M., & Culter, J. D. (2016). Plastics packaging – Properties, processing applications and regulations (3. Aufl.). München: Hanser.
go back to reference Serrano, D. P., Aguado, J., Escola, J. M., Rodríguez, J. M., & San Miguel, G. (2005). An investigation into the catalytic cracking of LDPE using PyeGC/MS. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 74, 370–378.CrossRef Serrano, D. P., Aguado, J., Escola, J. M., Rodríguez, J. M., & San Miguel, G. (2005). An investigation into the catalytic cracking of LDPE using PyeGC/MS. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 74, 370–378.CrossRef
go back to reference Sjödin, A., Hagmar, L., Klasson-Wehler, E., Kronholm-Diab, K., Jakobsson, E., & Bergman, Å. (1999). Flame retardant exposure: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in blood from Swedish workers. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107(8), 643–648. Sjödin, A., Hagmar, L., Klasson-Wehler, E., Kronholm-Diab, K., Jakobsson, E., & Bergman, Å. (1999). Flame retardant exposure: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in blood from Swedish workers. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107(8), 643–648.
go back to reference Skrzypek, K. P. (2003). „Austauschprozesse von organischen Umweltchemikalien mit biogenen Tensiden in quellfähigen Tonmineralien“. Dissertation, vorgelegt beim Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main. Skrzypek, K. P. (2003). „Austauschprozesse von organischen Umweltchemikalien mit biogenen Tensiden in quellfähigen Tonmineralien“. Dissertation, vorgelegt beim Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main.
go back to reference Sojak, L., Kubinec, R., Jurdakova, H., Hajekova, E., & Bajus, M. (2007). High resolution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of polyethylene and polypropylene thermal cracking products. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 387–399.CrossRef Sojak, L., Kubinec, R., Jurdakova, H., Hajekova, E., & Bajus, M. (2007). High resolution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of polyethylene and polypropylene thermal cracking products. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78, 387–399.CrossRef
go back to reference Spangenberg, B. (o. J.). Laborvorschrift zum Versuch IR-Spektroskopie, HS Offenburg. Spangenberg, B. (o. J.). Laborvorschrift zum Versuch IR-Spektroskopie, HS Offenburg.
go back to reference Streitwieser, A., Heathcock, C. H., & Kosower, E. M. (1994). Organische Chemie. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. Streitwieser, A., Heathcock, C. H., & Kosower, E. M. (1994). Organische Chemie. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
go back to reference Stryer, L. (1990). Biochemie. Heidelberg: Spektrum der Wissenschaft. Stryer, L. (1990). Biochemie. Heidelberg: Spektrum der Wissenschaft.
go back to reference Suchentrunk, R. et al. (2007). „Kunststoffmetallisierung“ (3.Aufl.). Leuze. Suchentrunk, R. et al. (2007). „Kunststoffmetallisierung“ (3.Aufl.). Leuze.
go back to reference Teuten, E. L., Saquing, J. M., Knappe, D. R. U., Barlaz, M. A., Jonsson, S., Björn, A., Rowland, S. J., Thompson, R. C., Galloway, T. S., Yamashita, R., Ochi, D., Watanuki, Y., Moore, C., Viet, P. H., Tana, T. S., Prudente, M., Boonyatumanond, R., Zakaria, M. P., Akkhavong, K., Ogata, Y., Hirai, H., Iwasa, S., Mizukawa, K., Hagino, Y., Imamura, A., Saha, M., & Takada, H. (2009). Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 1526, 2027–2045. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0284.CrossRef Teuten, E. L., Saquing, J. M., Knappe, D. R. U., Barlaz, M. A., Jonsson, S., Björn, A., Rowland, S. J., Thompson, R. C., Galloway, T. S., Yamashita, R., Ochi, D., Watanuki, Y., Moore, C., Viet, P. H., Tana, T. S., Prudente, M., Boonyatumanond, R., Zakaria, M. P., Akkhavong, K., Ogata, Y., Hirai, H., Iwasa, S., Mizukawa, K., Hagino, Y., Imamura, A., Saha, M., & Takada, H. (2009). Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 1526, 2027–2045. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1098/​rstb.​2008.​0284.CrossRef
go back to reference Thalheim, M. (2016). „Phthalate: Innovation mit Nebenwirkung“. Dtsch Arztebl, 113(45), A-2036/B-1704/C-1688. Thalheim, M. (2016). „Phthalate: Innovation mit Nebenwirkung“. Dtsch Arztebl, 113(45), A-2036/B-1704/C-1688.
go back to reference Thompson, R. C., et al. (2004). Lost at sea: Where is all the plastic? Science, 304, 838.CrossRef Thompson, R. C., et al. (2004). Lost at sea: Where is all the plastic? Science, 304, 838.CrossRef
go back to reference Thompson, R. C., et al. (2009). Our plastic age. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 364, 1973–1976.CrossRef Thompson, R. C., et al. (2009). Our plastic age. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 364, 1973–1976.CrossRef
go back to reference Torre, M., Digka, N., Anastasopoulou, A., Tsangaris, C., & Mytilineou, C. (2016). Anthropogenic microfibres pollution in marine biota. A new and simple methodology to minimize airborne contamination. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 113(1–2), 55–61.CrossRef Torre, M., Digka, N., Anastasopoulou, A., Tsangaris, C., & Mytilineou, C. (2016). Anthropogenic microfibres pollution in marine biota. A new and simple methodology to minimize airborne contamination. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 113(1–2), 55–61.CrossRef
go back to reference Troitzsch, J. (2012). Flammschutzmittel. Anforderungen und Innovationen. Kunststoffe, 11,84. Troitzsch, J. (2012). Flammschutzmittel. Anforderungen und Innovationen. Kunststoffe, 11,84.
go back to reference Umweltbundesamt Österreich. (o. J.). Mündliche Mitteilung eines Mitarbeiters. Umweltbundesamt Österreich. (o. J.). Mündliche Mitteilung eines Mitarbeiters.
go back to reference Van Cauwenberghe, L., & Janssen, C. R. (2014). Microplastics in bivalves cultured for human consumption. Environmental Pollution, 193, 65–70.CrossRef Van Cauwenberghe, L., & Janssen, C. R. (2014). Microplastics in bivalves cultured for human consumption. Environmental Pollution, 193, 65–70.CrossRef
go back to reference van der Meer, P. F., & Devine, D. V. (2017). Alternatives in blood operations when choosing non-DEHP bags. View Issue TOC, 112(2), 183. van der Meer, P. F., & Devine, D. V. (2017). Alternatives in blood operations when choosing non-DEHP bags. View Issue TOC, 112(2), 183.
go back to reference Vianello, A., et al. (2013). Microplastic particles in sediments of Lagoon of Venice, Italy: First observations on occurrence, spatial patterns and identification. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 130, 54–61.CrossRef Vianello, A., et al. (2013). Microplastic particles in sediments of Lagoon of Venice, Italy: First observations on occurrence, spatial patterns and identification. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 130, 54–61.CrossRef
go back to reference von Moos, N. (2010). Histopathological and cytochemical analysis of ingested polyethylene powder in the digestive gland of the blue mussel. Switzerland: Basel. von Moos, N. (2010). Histopathological and cytochemical analysis of ingested polyethylene powder in the digestive gland of the blue mussel. Switzerland: Basel.
go back to reference von Moos, N., Burkhardt-Holm, P., & Köhler, A. (2012). Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilusedulis L. after an experimental exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 11327–11335.CrossRef von Moos, N., Burkhardt-Holm, P., & Köhler, A. (2012). Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilusedulis L. after an experimental exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 11327–11335.CrossRef
go back to reference Wagner, M., & Oehlmann, J. (2009). Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: Total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 16, 278–286.CrossRef Wagner, M., & Oehlmann, J. (2009). Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: Total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 16, 278–286.CrossRef
go back to reference Wang, W., Ndungu, A. W., Li, Z., & Wang, J. (2017). Microplastics pollution in inland freshwaters of China: A case study in urban surface waters of Wuhan, China. The Science of the Total Environment, 575, 1369–1374.CrossRef Wang, W., Ndungu, A. W., Li, Z., & Wang, J. (2017). Microplastics pollution in inland freshwaters of China: A case study in urban surface waters of Wuhan, China. The Science of the Total Environment, 575, 1369–1374.CrossRef
go back to reference Weber, C. (2002). „Plastikmüll mit Infrarotspektroskopie sortieren“. Physik Journal, 1(7–8), 116–119. Weber, C. (2002). „Plastikmüll mit Infrarotspektroskopie sortieren“. Physik Journal, 1(7–8), 116–119.
go back to reference Welle, F., Wolz, G., & Franz, R. (2005). Migration von Weichmachern aus PVC-Schläuchen in enterale Nährlösungen. Pharma International, 3, 17–21. Welle, F., Wolz, G., & Franz, R. (2005). Migration von Weichmachern aus PVC-Schläuchen in enterale Nährlösungen. Pharma International, 3, 17–21.
go back to reference Wick, A., Jacobs, B., Kunkel, U., Peter Heininger, P., & Ternes, T. (2016). Benzotriazole UV stabilizers in sediments, suspended particulate matter and fish of German rivers: New insights into occurrence, time trends and persistency. Environmental Pollution, 212, 401–412.CrossRef Wick, A., Jacobs, B., Kunkel, U., Peter Heininger, P., & Ternes, T. (2016). Benzotriazole UV stabilizers in sediments, suspended particulate matter and fish of German rivers: New insights into occurrence, time trends and persistency. Environmental Pollution, 212, 401–412.CrossRef
go back to reference Wiesheu, A. C., Anger, P. M., Baumann, T., Niessner, R., & Ivleva, N. P. (2016). Ramanmicrospectroscopic analysis of fibers in beverages. Analytical Methods, 8, 5722–5725.CrossRef Wiesheu, A. C., Anger, P. M., Baumann, T., Niessner, R., & Ivleva, N. P. (2016). Ramanmicrospectroscopic analysis of fibers in beverages. Analytical Methods, 8, 5722–5725.CrossRef
go back to reference Wilhelm, S. (2008). „Wasseraufbereitung“ (7. Aufl.). Heidelberg: Springer. Wilhelm, S. (2008). „Wasseraufbereitung“ (7. Aufl.). Heidelberg: Springer.
go back to reference WSV (Wasser- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes). (o. J.). Bereitgestellt durch die Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG). WSV (Wasser- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes). (o. J.). Bereitgestellt durch die Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG).
go back to reference Yamada-Onodera, et al. (2001). Degradation of polyethylene by fungus. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 72, 323–327.CrossRef Yamada-Onodera, et al. (2001). Degradation of polyethylene by fungus. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 72, 323–327.CrossRef
go back to reference Yoshida, S., et al. (2016). A Bakterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate). Science, 351, 1196–1199.CrossRef Yoshida, S., et al. (2016). A Bakterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate). Science, 351, 1196–1199.CrossRef
go back to reference Zarfl, C., & Matthies, M. (2010). Are marine plastic particles transport vectors for organic pollutants to the Arctic? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60, 1810–1814.CrossRef Zarfl, C., & Matthies, M. (2010). Are marine plastic particles transport vectors for organic pollutants to the Arctic? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60, 1810–1814.CrossRef
go back to reference Zhang, Z. et al. (2017). Nature Communications, 8, 14585. Zhang, Z. et al. (2017). Nature Communications, 8, 14585.
go back to reference Ziccardi, L. M., Edgington, A., Hentz, K., Kulacki, K. J., & Kane Driscoll, S. (2016). Microplastics as vectors for bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic chemicals in the marine environment: A state-of-the-science review. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 35(7), 1667–1676.CrossRef Ziccardi, L. M., Edgington, A., Hentz, K., Kulacki, K. J., & Kane Driscoll, S. (2016). Microplastics as vectors for bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic chemicals in the marine environment: A state-of-the-science review. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 35(7), 1667–1676.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Mikroplastik
Author
Andreas Fath
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_2