Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Military Visions of Peace

Author : Gijsbert M. van Iterson Scholten

Published in: Visions of Peace of Professional Peace Workers

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter introduces the visions of peace held by Dutch military officers. It argues that these military peace workers tend to think of peace as a ‘stairway’ of ever more holistic forms of peace, ranging from a minimal ‘freedom from fear’ that they seek to establish in (post-) conflict societies, to a holistic ‘peace-as-freedom’ that they defend at home. A second finding is that Dutch military officers are very relativistic about what they can achieve in (post-) conflict areas, more so than any of the other groups. Any step beyond establishing freedom from fear, including the establishment of some form of functioning state authority (statebuilding), a third concept of peace they adhere to, must be taken by local actors and in accordance with local traditions. This military attitude reflects some of the critique on the notion of liberal peace, specifically that associated with the local turn and everyday peace.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Western Dissensus, Non-Western Consensus: A Q Study Into the Meanings of Peace
next chapter Diplomats: Peace as Governance
Footnotes
1
Accounting for the somewhat puzzling high score (+5) on the statement that ‘peace is freedom’ in this vision that was briefly discussed in Sect. 3.1.5.
 
2
E.g. interviews Colonel Dr. Allard Wagemaker (defense attaché, interview in private capacity), anonymous pilot and Colonel Kees Matthijssen (military advisor at the ministry of Foreign Affairs/former ISAF-commander).
 
3
Interview Major General (ret.) Patrick Cammaert.
 
4
Anonymous interview (Ministry of Defence, evaluations division).
 
5
E.g. interviews Major Martijn Hädicke (Dutch Army) and anonymous pilot.
 
6
Interview anonymous captain (Dutch Army, Land Training Centre).
 
7
Interview anonymous Dutch army chaplain.
 
8
Interview Lieutenant Erik Noordam (Dutch navy, CIMIC officer).
 
9
Interview Maj. Hädicke.
 
10
Interview Col. Matthijssen.
 
11
Interview Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
12
Interview Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
13
E.g. interviews anonymous Dutch pilot, Colonel Erwin Hoogland (Dutch Ministry of Defence, department of operations), Major Daan Boissevain (Dutch Air Force), anonymous Colonel (Dutch Army).
 
14
Interview Col. Hoogland.
 
15
Idem.
 
16
Interview Lt. Noordam. Similar views were expressed by e.g. the anonymous interviewee at the evaluations division, Col. Dr. Wagemaker and the anonymous army chaplain.
 
17
E.g. interviews Major Lenny Hazelbag (Dutch Army), Major General Marc van Uhm (Dutch Army).
 
18
E.g. interviews Annemarie Sweeris (PAX), Marianne Brandt (PAX), Peter van Tuijl (GPPAC), Aveen Acuña-Gulo (independent consultant, Mindanao), Elvyra Ang Sinco (ZFD, Mindanao).
 
19
As was argued in Chap. 3.
 
20
Interview Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
21
Interview Colonel Björn de Heer (Dutch Ministry of Defence, CIMIC division).
 
22
E.g. interviews Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert and Maj. Hädicke.
 
23
Interview anonymous Dutch pilot. Similar views were expressed by a.o. Derek Suchard (army chaplain), Maj. Hädicke, Lieutenant General (ret.) Lex Oostendorp (Dutch Army) and the anonymous interviewee at the Ministry of Defence, International Military Co-operation division.
 
24
Interview Maj. Hädicke
 
25
See Sect. 3.1.3.
 
26
Interview Col. De Heer.
 
27
We saw above that for military officers, peace is a step-by-step process, where every goal that is achieved leads to a new, more ambitious, goal.
 
28
Interview Lt. Gen. De Kruif. Similar views were expressed by a.o. Col. Dr. Wagemaker and Col. Matthijssen.
 
29
Interviews Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert and Maj. Hazelbag.
 
30
See Chap. 2, Sect. 2.3 and Chap. 3, Sect. 3.2 above.
 
31
Interview Maj. Hazelbag.
 
32
Interview Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
33
Interview Maj. Daan Boissevain (Dutch Air Force).
 
34
Interview Maj. Hädicke.
 
35
Interview Lt. Noordam.
 
36
See Sects. 3.1.3 and 3.1.5. Both visions have a score +3 on statement 45: What peace looks like is different for different people.
 
37
Interview Major General (ret.) Cammaert.
 
38
Idem. Similar views were expressed by Jasper van Koppen (Dutch Army, national reserve) and Maj. Hazelbag.
 
39
Interview Lt. Gen. (ret.) Oostendorp.
 
40
Interview Col. Dr. Wagemaker.
 
41
Interview anonymous pilot.
 
42
Interview Maj. Hazelbag.
 
43
Interviews Maj. Hazelbag, Col. De Heer and anonymous pilot.
 
44
Interview Jasper van Koppen.
 
45
Interviews Maj. Hädicke and anonymous pilot.
 
46
See Chap. 8, Sect. 8.2.1.
 
47
E.g. interviews Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert, Lt. Gen. De Kruif, Col. Dr. Wagemaker.
 
48
Vision V, peace as politics. See Sect. 3.1.5.
 
49
Interviews Maj. Hazelbag, Maj. Hädicke, Col. Dr. Wagemaker, Lt. Gen. De Kruif, Lt. Gen. Oostendorp.
 
50
Interview Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
51
E.g. interviews major Hädicke, anonymous pilot, anonymous captain (Dutch Army, Land Training Centre).
 
52
E.g. interviews Maj. Hazelbag, Col. de Heer.
 
53
Interviews Jasper van Koppen and Col. de Heer.
 
54
Interview Col. Matthijssen. Similar views were expressed by Eric Overtoom (Dutch Army, national reserve), Col. de Heer, Col. Dr. Wagemaker and the anonymous pilot.
 
55
E.g. interviews anonymous pilot, Maj. Hädicke, Theo Brinkel (Netherlands Defence Academy), Col. De Heer. The term mostly surfaces in debates over whether military operations should end on a certain end-date, or after reaching a certain end-state. See e.g. (Noll et al. 2016).
 
56
E.g. interviews Lt. Noordam, anonymous army chaplain, Maj. Hädicke.
 
57
Interview Col. De Heer.
 
58
Anonymous interview (Dutch ministry of Defence, evaluations division).
 
59
Anonymous interview (Dutch ministry of Defence, International Military Co-operation division).
 
60
Interviews Col. Dr. Wagemaker, Col. Hoogland and Suchard.
 
61
E.g. interviews Col. Dr. Wagemaker, Maj. Gen. (ret.) Cammaert.
 
62
E.g. interviews Major Hazelbag, Col. De Heer.
 
63
See Chap. 2, Sects. 2.4.1 and 2.4.4.
 
Literature
Brusset, E., C. De Coning, et al. (2016). Complexity thinking for peacebuilding practice and evaluation. Springer.
Chandler, D. (2014). Resilience: The governance of complexity. London and New York: Routledge.CrossRef
De Coning, C. (2016). “From peacebuilding to sustaining peace: Implications of complexity for resilience and sustainability.” Resilience 4(3): 166–181.CrossRef
Gordon, M. R. (2000). “The 2000 campaign: The military; Bush would stop U.S. peacekeeping in Balkan fights.” The New York Times, October 21, 2000.
Kaldor, M. H. and S. Beebe (2010). The ultimate weapon is no weapon: Human security and the new rules of war and peace. New York: Public Affairs.
Noll, J., D. van den Wollenberg, et al. (2016). “Introduction. The dilemma of leaving: Political and military exit strategies.” In Netherlands annual review of military studies 2015. Springer: 1–17.
Ottaway, M. (2002). “Nation building.” Foreign Policy 132: 16–24.
Preble, C. A. (2011). The power problem: How American military dominance makes us less safe, less prosperous, and less free. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Metadata
Title
Military Visions of Peace
Author
Gijsbert M. van Iterson Scholten
Copyright Year
2020
Book
Visions of Peace of Professional Peace Workers

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-27974-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-27975-2

Copyright Year: 2020

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27975-2_4