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2005 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Mining of Coastal Materials

Authors : W. R. Osterkamp, R. A. Morton

Published in: Encyclopedia of Coastal Science

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

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Excerpt

Mining is the process of extracting rock and mineral material from near-surface sources of the earth. It may include small, local borrow pits with no supporting infrastructure or large-scale operations with permanent facilities for removing, loading, and transporting the resource. Considering only coastal areas, those adjacent to the shoreline and extending seaward through the breaker (surf) zone (U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center, 1966) and landward through the highest surfaces subject to modern processes of wave alteration, the area represented (based on estimates by Kuenen, 1950) is a little less than 1% of the global surface. The coastal zone, as used here, includes all parts of barrier islands, lagoons, tidal flats, and mangrove swamps, but does not include embayments and fiords, permanently exposed parts of deltas, lands bordering estuaries (such as the Bay of Fundy), and other inland tide-influenced areas. …

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previous chapter Middle America, Coastal Ecology and Geomorphology
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Metadata
Title
Mining of Coastal Materials
Authors
W. R. Osterkamp
R. A. Morton
Copyright Year
2005
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Book
Encyclopedia of Coastal Science

Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-1903-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4020-3880-8

Copyright Year: 2005

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_215