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29-06-2020 | Original Research

Modification of cellulose degree of polymerization by superheated steam treatment for versatile properties of cellulose nanofibril film

Authors: Liana Noor Megashah, Hidayah Ariffin, Mohd Rafein Zakaria, Mohd Ali Hassan, Yoshito Andou, Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 13/2020

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Abstract

Cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was subjected to superheated steam (SHS) treatment at 150 °C for 1 and 2 h to produce cellulose with different degree of polymerization (DP). The treated OPEFB cellulose was subjected to a wet disc milling process to produce cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), followed by nanocellulose film production using casting-evaporation technique. Reduction of DP by 23 and 40% were recorded after SHS treatment of OPEFB cellulose for 1 h (SHS1) and 2 h (SHS2), respectively, as compared to the untreated OPEFB cellulose. CNFs produced from treated cellulose (CNF-SHS1 and CNF-SHS2) exhibited smaller diameter and were less entangled compared to CNF from untreated cellulose (CNF-UT). These contributed to smoother CNF-SHS films. The highest light transmittance was recorded for CNF-SHS2 film, followed by CNF-SHS1 and CNF-UT films. The increment in transmittance value is in accordance with the reduction in cellulose DP. Lower DP also caused CNF-SHS films to have less wetting property as a result of smoother film surface. Mechanical properties were affected by DP values suggesting the possibility to control mechanical properties of CNF films in relation to DP. Overall, SHS is an efficient treatment method to reduce cellulose DP with the advantage of controlling CNF film properties towards the production of a versatile CNF film.

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Title: Modification of cellulose degree of polymerization by superheated steam treatment for versatile properties of cellulose nanofibril film
Authors: Liana Noor Megashah
Hidayah Ariffin
Mohd Rafein Zakaria
Mohd Ali Hassan
Yoshito Andou
Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil
Publication date: 29-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 13/2020
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03296-2

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