Multiferroic properties of Ba_0.995Fe_0.005Ti_0.995Mn_0.005O₃ synthesized by glycine assisted sol gel method

Magnetic and ferroelectric properties in nanoscale are interesting topic to deal with. The primary interest is to understand the effect of simple, fast and cost effective sol gel method on the magnetic and electrical properties of Ba_0.995Fe_0.005Ti_0.995Mn_0.005O₃ compounds. The study unravels the strategy for realizing multiferrocity of this composition by changing the processing temperature. Structural study confirms the infusion of Fe, Mn into the BaTiO₃ lattice and its subsequent effects on the pseudo cubic and tetragonal phases. Morphological results manifest the formation of nanoparticles and evolution of grain growth upon increasing the processing temperature. Incorporation of Fe, Mn and its substantial effects on the various polymorphs of BaTiO₃ is clearly portrayed by dielectric results. Room temperature ferroelectric measurements reveal the electric polarization in them. Magnetic measurements show an unusual high coercivity of 4000 Oe and its transformation to a completely paramagnetic behaviour with the subsequent changes in their phase. Thus, the pseudo cubic phase aids to retain the ferroelectric polarization with simultaneous presence of magnetic signature hints their possibility towards fruitful multi-functionality.