Skip to main content
Top
Published in:
Cover of the book

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Naturgeschichte und Umweltschutz

Authors : Melanie Dammhahn, Lennart Pyritz, Peter Kappeler, Philip-Sebastian Gehring, Miguel Vences, Rainer Dolch, Matthias Markolf, Hanitriniaina Markolf Rakotonirina, Nora Schwitzer, Christoph Schwitzer

Published in: Madagaskar - Von Makis, Menschen und einem bedrohten Paradies

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Zusammenfassung

Schon die ersten Naturforscher, die Madagaskar besuchten, erkannten die Besonderheit dieser „Schatzinsel der Natur“. Auf Schritt und Tritt begegneten sie unbekannten Tieren, die so exotisch waren, dass sie sie mit Worten aus ihrer Welt nicht zu benennen wussten. Die Madagassen hatten sie wohl aus demselben Grund oft einfach nach den Lauten benannt, die sie von sich gaben: Sifaka, Fossa, Tenrek, Aye-Aye oder Vanga. Der französische Botaniker und Mediziner Philibert Commerson wähnte sich sogar im „Gelobten Land für Naturforscher“. Bis heute hat sich am Staunen der Biologen nichts geändert, denn die Tier- und Pflanzenwelt Madagaskars ist nur mit Superlativen zu beschreiben. Der einsame Vorposten vor der Ostküste Afrikas ist die viertgrößte Insel der Welt und umfasst mit 587.000 Quadratkilometern etwa die Fläche Frankreichs. Dieses relativ kleine Areal ist allerdings bewohnt von fünf Prozent aller beschriebenen Tier- und Pflanzenarten der Erde. Bemerkenswert ist zudem, dass die Mehrzahl dieser Arten endemisch ist, also einzig und allein auf Madagaskar vorkommt. Alle Amphibien und Säugetiere (bis auf wenige vom Menschen eingeführte Arten), 92 Prozent aller Reptilien, 44 Prozent aller Vögel, 74 Prozent aller Schmetterlinge und mehr als 90 Prozent aller Pflanzenarten sind nirgendwo sonst auf der Welt zu finden (Goodman und Benstead 2005). Diese Vielfalt und Einzigartigkeit von Flora und Fauna zeichnen Madagaskar als „Megadiversitätsland“ aus, ein Status, den weltweit nur zwölf Länder erreichen, die mehr als zwei Drittel der auf der Erde lebenden Arten beherbergen (Myers et al. 2000).

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Alcorn SJ (2011) Denis Burkitt Award – Paediatric nutrition, hunger and growth in rural Madagascar. Nutr Bull 36:142–145 Alcorn SJ (2011) Denis Burkitt Award – Paediatric nutrition, hunger and growth in rural Madagascar. Nutr Bull 36:142–145
go back to reference Ali JR, Huber M (2010) Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents. Nature 463:653–656 Ali JR, Huber M (2010) Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents. Nature 463:653–656
go back to reference Allnutt TF, Ferrier S, Manion G, Powell GVN, Ricketts TH, Fisher BL, Harper GJ, Irwin ME, Kremen C, Labat JN, Lees DC, Pearce TA, Rakotondrainibe F (2008) A method for quantifying biodiversity loss and its application to a 50-year record of deforestation across Madagascar. Conserv Lett 1:173–181 Allnutt TF, Ferrier S, Manion G, Powell GVN, Ricketts TH, Fisher BL, Harper GJ, Irwin ME, Kremen C, Labat JN, Lees DC, Pearce TA, Rakotondrainibe F (2008) A method for quantifying biodiversity loss and its application to a 50-year record of deforestation across Madagascar. Conserv Lett 1:173–181
go back to reference Baron R (1889-90) The flora of Madagascar. J Linn Soc Lond 25: 246–294 Baron R (1889-90) The flora of Madagascar. J Linn Soc Lond 25: 246–294
go back to reference Blanco MB, Dausmann KH, Faherty SL, Yoder AD (2018) Tropical heterothermy is „cool“: The expression of daily torpor and hibernation in primates. Evol Anthropol 27:147–161 Blanco MB, Dausmann KH, Faherty SL, Yoder AD (2018) Tropical heterothermy is „cool“: The expression of daily torpor and hibernation in primates. Evol Anthropol 27:147–161
go back to reference Burney DA, Pigott Burney L, Godfrey LR, Jungers WL, Goodman SM, Wright HT, Jull AJT (2004) A chronology for late prehistoric Madagascar. J Hum Evol 47:25–63 Burney DA, Pigott Burney L, Godfrey LR, Jungers WL, Goodman SM, Wright HT, Jull AJT (2004) A chronology for late prehistoric Madagascar. J Hum Evol 47:25–63
go back to reference Crottini A, Madsen O, Poux C, Strauß A, Vieites DR, Vences M (2012) Vertebrate time-tree elucidates the biogeographic pattern of a major biotic change around the K–T boundary in Madagascar. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:5358–5363 Crottini A, Madsen O, Poux C, Strauß A, Vieites DR, Vences M (2012) Vertebrate time-tree elucidates the biogeographic pattern of a major biotic change around the K–T boundary in Madagascar. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:5358–5363
go back to reference Dickinson S, Berner PO (2010) Ambatovy project: Mining in a challenging biodiversity setting in Madagascar. Malagasy Nature 3:2–13 Dickinson S, Berner PO (2010) Ambatovy project: Mining in a challenging biodiversity setting in Madagascar. Malagasy Nature 3:2–13
go back to reference Dolch R (2003) Andasibe (Périnet): are current efforts sufficient to protect Madagascar's biodiversity hotspot? The natural history of Madagascar (ed. by S. M. Goodman and J. P. Benstead). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 1480–1485 Dolch R (2003) Andasibe (Périnet): are current efforts sufficient to protect Madagascar's biodiversity hotspot? The natural history of Madagascar (ed. by S. M. Goodman and J. P. Benstead). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 1480–1485
go back to reference Dolch R, Fiely JL, Ndriamiary JN, Rafalimandimby J, Randriamampionona R, Engberg SE, Louis EE Jr (2008) Confirmation of the greater bamboo lemur, Prolemur simus, north of the Torotorofotsy wetlands, eastern Madagascar. Lemur News 13:14–17 Dolch R, Fiely JL, Ndriamiary JN, Rafalimandimby J, Randriamampionona R, Engberg SE, Louis EE Jr (2008) Confirmation of the greater bamboo lemur, Prolemur simus, north of the Torotorofotsy wetlands, eastern Madagascar. Lemur News 13:14–17
go back to reference Dolch R, Ndriamiary JN, Ratolojanahary T, Randrianasolo M, Ramanantenasoa IA (2015) Improving livelihoods, training para-ecologists, enthralling children: Earning trust for effective community-based biodiversity conservation in Andasibe, eastern Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 10:21–27 Dolch R, Ndriamiary JN, Ratolojanahary T, Randrianasolo M, Ramanantenasoa IA (2015) Improving livelihoods, training para-ecologists, enthralling children: Earning trust for effective community-based biodiversity conservation in Andasibe, eastern Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 10:21–27
go back to reference Du Puy DJ, Moat JF (1998) Vegetation mapping and classification in Madagascar (using GIS): implications and recommendations for the conservation of biodiversity. In: Huxley CR, Lock JM, Cutler DF (Hrsg) Chorology, taxonomy and ecology of the African and Madagascan floras. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, S 97–117 Du Puy DJ, Moat JF (1998) Vegetation mapping and classification in Madagascar (using GIS): implications and recommendations for the conservation of biodiversity. In: Huxley CR, Lock JM, Cutler DF (Hrsg) Chorology, taxonomy and ecology of the African and Madagascan floras. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, S 97–117
go back to reference Eberle M, Kappeler PM (2004) Selected polyandry: Female choice and inter-sexual conflict in a small nocturnal solitary primate (Microcebus murinus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 57:91–100 Eberle M, Kappeler PM (2004) Selected polyandry: Female choice and inter-sexual conflict in a small nocturnal solitary primate (Microcebus murinus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 57:91–100
go back to reference Ganzhorn JU (2010) A combined research agenda towards integrated conservation and development for Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 5:79–84 Ganzhorn JU (2010) A combined research agenda towards integrated conservation and development for Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 5:79–84
go back to reference Gardner CJ, Nicoll ME, Birkinshaw C, Harris A, Lewis RE, Rakotomalala D, Ratsifandrihamanana AN (2018) The rapid expansion of Madagascar's protected area system. Biol Conserv 220:29–36 Gardner CJ, Nicoll ME, Birkinshaw C, Harris A, Lewis RE, Rakotomalala D, Ratsifandrihamanana AN (2018) The rapid expansion of Madagascar's protected area system. Biol Conserv 220:29–36
go back to reference Gautier L, Goodman SM (2003) Introduction to the flora of Madagascar. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 229–250 Gautier L, Goodman SM (2003) Introduction to the flora of Madagascar. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 229–250
go back to reference Gehring P-S, Köhler J, Strauß A, Randrianiaina RD, Glos J, Glaw F, Vences M (2011a) The kingdom of the frogs: Anuran radiations in Madagascar. In: Zachos FE, Habel JC (Hrsg) Biodiversity hotspots – Distribution and protection of conservation priority areas. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London, New York, S 235–254 Gehring P-S, Köhler J, Strauß A, Randrianiaina RD, Glos J, Glaw F, Vences M (2011a) The kingdom of the frogs: Anuran radiations in Madagascar. In: Zachos FE, Habel JC (Hrsg) Biodiversity hotspots – Distribution and protection of conservation priority areas. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London, New York, S 235–254
go back to reference Gehring P-S, Ratsoavina FM, Vences M, Glaw F (2011b) Calumma vohibola sp. nov., a new chameleon species (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae) from the littoral forests of eastern Madagascar. Afr J Herpetol 60:130–154 Gehring P-S, Ratsoavina FM, Vences M, Glaw F (2011b) Calumma vohibola sp. nov., a new chameleon species (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae) from the littoral forests of eastern Madagascar. Afr J Herpetol 60:130–154
go back to reference Gehring P-S, Tolley KA, Eckhardt FS, Townsend TM, Ziegler T, Ratsoavina FM, Glaw F, Vences M (2012) Hiding deep in the trees: discovery of divergent mitochondrial lineages in Malagasy chameleons of the Calumma nasutum group. Ecol Evol 2:1468–1479 Gehring P-S, Tolley KA, Eckhardt FS, Townsend TM, Ziegler T, Ratsoavina FM, Glaw F, Vences M (2012) Hiding deep in the trees: discovery of divergent mitochondrial lineages in Malagasy chameleons of the Calumma nasutum group. Ecol Evol 2:1468–1479
go back to reference Glaw F, Vences M (1992) Zur Biologie, Biometrie und Färbung bei Mantella laevigata. Methuen & Hewitt, 1913. Sauria 14:25–29 Glaw F, Vences M (1992) Zur Biologie, Biometrie und Färbung bei Mantella laevigata. Methuen & Hewitt, 1913. Sauria 14:25–29
go back to reference Glaw F, Vences M (2007) A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Madagascar, 3. Vences und Glaw Verlag, Köln Glaw F, Vences M (2007) A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Madagascar, 3. Vences und Glaw Verlag, Köln
go back to reference Glos J (2003) The amphibian fauna of the Kirindy dry forest in western Madagascar. Salamandra 39:75–90 Glos J (2003) The amphibian fauna of the Kirindy dry forest in western Madagascar. Salamandra 39:75–90
go back to reference Goodman SM, Benstead JP (2003) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago Goodman SM, Benstead JP (2003) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago
go back to reference Goodman SM, Benstead JP (2005) Updated estimates of biotic diversity and endemism for Madagascar. Oryx 39:73–77 Goodman SM, Benstead JP (2005) Updated estimates of biotic diversity and endemism for Madagascar. Oryx 39:73–77
go back to reference Goodman SM, Ganzhorn JU, Rakotondravony D (2003) Introduction to the mammals. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 1159–1190 Goodman SM, Ganzhorn JU, Rakotondravony D (2003) Introduction to the mammals. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 1159–1190
go back to reference Green GM, Sussmann RW (1990) Deforestation history of the eastern rain forests of Madagascar from satellite images. Science 248:212–215 Green GM, Sussmann RW (1990) Deforestation history of the eastern rain forests of Madagascar from satellite images. Science 248:212–215
go back to reference Hannah L, Dave R, Lowry PP II, Andelman S, Andrianarisata M, Andriamaro L, Cameron A, Hijmans R, Kremen C, MacKinnon J, Randrianasolo HH, Andriambololonera S, Razafimpahanana A, Randriamahazo H, Randrianarisoa J, Razafinjatovo P, Raxworthy C, Schatz GE, Tadross M, Wilmé L (2008) Climate change adaptation for conservation in Madagascar. Biol Lett 4(5):590–594 Hannah L, Dave R, Lowry PP II, Andelman S, Andrianarisata M, Andriamaro L, Cameron A, Hijmans R, Kremen C, MacKinnon J, Randrianasolo HH, Andriambololonera S, Razafimpahanana A, Randriamahazo H, Randrianarisoa J, Razafinjatovo P, Raxworthy C, Schatz GE, Tadross M, Wilmé L (2008) Climate change adaptation for conservation in Madagascar. Biol Lett 4(5):590–594
go back to reference Heying HE (2001) Social and reproductive behaviour in the Madagascan poison frog, Mantella laevigata, with comparisons to the dendrobatids. Anim Behav 61:567–577 Heying HE (2001) Social and reproductive behaviour in the Madagascan poison frog, Mantella laevigata, with comparisons to the dendrobatids. Anim Behav 61:567–577
go back to reference Hotaling S, Foley M, Lawrence NM, Bocanegra J, Blanco MB, Rasoloarison R, Kappeler PM, Barrett MA, Yoder AD (2016) Species discovery and validation in a cryptic radiation of endangered primates: coalescen – based species delimitation in Madagascar's mouse lemurs. Mol Ecol 25:2029–2045 Hotaling S, Foley M, Lawrence NM, Bocanegra J, Blanco MB, Rasoloarison R, Kappeler PM, Barrett MA, Yoder AD (2016) Species discovery and validation in a cryptic radiation of endangered primates: coalescen – based species delimitation in Madagascar's mouse lemurs. Mol Ecol 25:2029–2045
go back to reference Humbert H (1927) La destruction d’une flore insulaire par le feu. Principaux aspects de la végétation à Madagascar. Mémoires de l’Académie Malgache 5:1–78 Humbert H (1927) La destruction d’une flore insulaire par le feu. Principaux aspects de la végétation à Madagascar. Mémoires de l’Académie Malgache 5:1–78
go back to reference Humbert H (1951) Les territoires phytogéographiques du nord de Madagascar. Compte Rendu des Séances Soc Biogégr 246:176–184 Humbert H (1951) Les territoires phytogéographiques du nord de Madagascar. Compte Rendu des Séances Soc Biogégr 246:176–184
go back to reference Humbert H (1955) Les territoires phytogéographiques de Madagascar. Année Biol 3(31):439–448 Humbert H (1955) Les territoires phytogéographiques de Madagascar. Année Biol 3(31):439–448
go back to reference Jury MR (2003) The climate of Madagascar. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 75–87 Jury MR (2003) The climate of Madagascar. In: Goodman SM, Benstead JP (Hrsg) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, S 75–87
go back to reference Kappeler P, Fichtel C (2015) Eco-evo-devo of the lemur syndrome: did adaptive behavioral plasticity get canalized in a large primate radiation? Front Zool 12:S15 Kappeler P, Fichtel C (2015) Eco-evo-devo of the lemur syndrome: did adaptive behavioral plasticity get canalized in a large primate radiation? Front Zool 12:S15
go back to reference Kappeler PM (2000) Lemur origins: rafting by groups of hibernators? Folia Primatol 71:422–425 Kappeler PM (2000) Lemur origins: rafting by groups of hibernators? Folia Primatol 71:422–425
go back to reference Louvel M (1909) La forêt d’Analamazaotra. Bulletin Economique de Madagascar 1909:313–349 Louvel M (1909) La forêt d’Analamazaotra. Bulletin Economique de Madagascar 1909:313–349
go back to reference Louvel M (1950) Notes sur les Forêts malgaches de l'Est. Revue Internationale de Botanique Appliquée et d'Agriculture Tropicale 30:370–378 Louvel M (1950) Notes sur les Forêts malgaches de l'Est. Revue Internationale de Botanique Appliquée et d'Agriculture Tropicale 30:370–378
go back to reference MacArthur RH, Wilson EO (1967) The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton MacArthur RH, Wilson EO (1967) The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton
go back to reference Markolf M, Brameier M, Kappeler PM (2011) On species delimitation: Yet another lemur species or just genetic variation? BMC Evol Biol 11:216 Markolf M, Brameier M, Kappeler PM (2011) On species delimitation: Yet another lemur species or just genetic variation? BMC Evol Biol 11:216
go back to reference McConnell W, Kull C (2014) Deforestation in Madagascar: debates over the island's forest cover and challenges of measuring forest change. In: Conservation and Environmental Management in Madagascar (ed. By Ivan R. Scales). Routledge-Earthscan, London, S 67–104 McConnell W, Kull C (2014) Deforestation in Madagascar: debates over the island's forest cover and challenges of measuring forest change. In: Conservation and Environmental Management in Madagascar (ed. By Ivan R. Scales). Routledge-Earthscan, London, S 67–104
go back to reference McLain AT, Lei R, Frasier CL, Taylor JM, Bailey CA, Robertson BAD, Nash SD, Randriamanana JC, Mittermeier RA, Louis EE Jr (2017) A new Cheirogaleus (Cheirogaleidae: Cheirogaleus crossleyi group) species from Southeastern Madagascar. Primate Conservation 31:27–36 McLain AT, Lei R, Frasier CL, Taylor JM, Bailey CA, Robertson BAD, Nash SD, Randriamanana JC, Mittermeier RA, Louis EE Jr (2017) A new Cheirogaleus (Cheirogaleidae: Cheirogaleus crossleyi group) species from Southeastern Madagascar. Primate Conservation 31:27–36
go back to reference Mittermeier RA, Louis EE Jr, Richardson M, Schwitzer C, Langrand O, Rylands AB, Hawkins F, Rajaobelina S, Ratsimbazafy J, Rasoloarison R, Roos C, Kappeler PM, Mackinnon J (2010) Lemurs of Madagascar, 3. Conservation International. Tropical Field Guide Series, Arlington Mittermeier RA, Louis EE Jr, Richardson M, Schwitzer C, Langrand O, Rylands AB, Hawkins F, Rajaobelina S, Ratsimbazafy J, Rasoloarison R, Roos C, Kappeler PM, Mackinnon J (2010) Lemurs of Madagascar, 3. Conservation International. Tropical Field Guide Series, Arlington
go back to reference Moat J, Smith P (2007) Atlas of the vegetation of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond Moat J, Smith P (2007) Atlas of the vegetation of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond
go back to reference Morelli TL, Smith AB, Mancini AN, Balko EA, Borgerson C, Dolch R, Farris Z, Federman S, Golden CD, Holmes SM, Irwin M, Jacobs RL, Johnson S, King T, Lehman SM, Louis EE, Murphy A, Randriahaingo HNT, Randrianarimanana HL, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindratsima OH, Baden AL (2020) The fate of Madagascar’s rainforest habitat. Nat Clim Chang 10:89–96 Morelli TL, Smith AB, Mancini AN, Balko EA, Borgerson C, Dolch R, Farris Z, Federman S, Golden CD, Holmes SM, Irwin M, Jacobs RL, Johnson S, King T, Lehman SM, Louis EE, Murphy A, Randriahaingo HNT, Randrianarimanana HL, Ratsimbazafy J, Razafindratsima OH, Baden AL (2020) The fate of Madagascar’s rainforest habitat. Nat Clim Chang 10:89–96
go back to reference Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853–858 Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853–858
go back to reference Noonan BP, Chippindale PT (2006) Dispersal and vicariance: the complex evolutionary history of boid snakes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 40:347–358 Noonan BP, Chippindale PT (2006) Dispersal and vicariance: the complex evolutionary history of boid snakes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 40:347–358
go back to reference Nowack J, Dausmann K (2015) Can heterothermy facilitate the colonization of new habitats? Mammal Rev 45:117–127 Nowack J, Dausmann K (2015) Can heterothermy facilitate the colonization of new habitats? Mammal Rev 45:117–127
go back to reference Perl RGB, Nagy ZT, Sonet G, Glaw F, Wollenberg KC, Vences M (2014) DNA barcoding Madagascar’s amphibian fauna. Amphibia-Reptilia 35:197–206 Perl RGB, Nagy ZT, Sonet G, Glaw F, Wollenberg KC, Vences M (2014) DNA barcoding Madagascar’s amphibian fauna. Amphibia-Reptilia 35:197–206
go back to reference Perrier de la Bathie H (1921) La végétation malgache. Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3, 9: 1–268 Perrier de la Bathie H (1921) La végétation malgache. Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3, 9: 1–268
go back to reference Projet ZICOMA (1999) Les zones d'importance pour la conservation des oiseaux a Madagascar. Antananarivo, Projet ZICOMA (BirdLife International) Projet ZICOMA (1999) Les zones d'importance pour la conservation des oiseaux a Madagascar. Antananarivo, Projet ZICOMA (BirdLife International)
go back to reference Prötzel D, Vences M, Hawlitschek O, Scherz MD, Ratsoavina FM, Glaw F (2018a) Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata:Chamaeleonidae). Zool J Linnean Soc 184:471–498 Prötzel D, Vences M, Hawlitschek O, Scherz MD, Ratsoavina FM, Glaw F (2018a) Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata:Chamaeleonidae). Zool J Linnean Soc 184:471–498
go back to reference Prötzel D, Heß M, Scherz MD, Schwager M, van’t Padje A, Glaw F (2018b) Widespread bone-based fluorescence in chameleons. Sci Rep 8:698 Prötzel D, Heß M, Scherz MD, Schwager M, van’t Padje A, Glaw F (2018b) Widespread bone-based fluorescence in chameleons. Sci Rep 8:698
go back to reference Rabarimanarivo MN, Ramandimbisoa B, Rakotoarivelo NH, Phillipson PB, Andriambololonera S, Callmander MW, Porembski S (2019) The extraordinary botanical diversity of inselbergs in Madagascar. Candollea 74:65–84 Rabarimanarivo MN, Ramandimbisoa B, Rakotoarivelo NH, Phillipson PB, Andriambololonera S, Callmander MW, Porembski S (2019) The extraordinary botanical diversity of inselbergs in Madagascar. Candollea 74:65–84
go back to reference Rabinowitz P, Coffin M, Falvey D (1983) The separation of Madagascar and Africa. Science 220:67–69 Rabinowitz P, Coffin M, Falvey D (1983) The separation of Madagascar and Africa. Science 220:67–69
go back to reference Radespiel U, Ratsimbazafy JH, Rasoloharijaona S et al (2012) First indications of a highland specialist among mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) and evidence for a new mouse lemur species from eastern Madagascar. Primates 53:157–170 Radespiel U, Ratsimbazafy JH, Rasoloharijaona S et al (2012) First indications of a highland specialist among mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) and evidence for a new mouse lemur species from eastern Madagascar. Primates 53:157–170
go back to reference Rakotonirina H, Kappeler PM, Fichtel C (2017) Evolution of facial color pattern complexity in lemurs. Sci Rep 7:15181 Rakotonirina H, Kappeler PM, Fichtel C (2017) Evolution of facial color pattern complexity in lemurs. Sci Rep 7:15181
go back to reference Randrianarison RMS, Rajaonson A, Ralison JM, Rabemananjara Z, Andrianantenaina TD, Rabearison J, Ratsimbazafy J (2015) Local socio-economic effects of protected area conservation: The case of Maromizaha forest, Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 10:93–97 Randrianarison RMS, Rajaonson A, Ralison JM, Rabemananjara Z, Andrianantenaina TD, Rabearison J, Ratsimbazafy J (2015) Local socio-economic effects of protected area conservation: The case of Maromizaha forest, Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation & Development 10:93–97
go back to reference Rasoavarimanana MA (1997) Le marais d'altitude de Torotorofotsy et son environnement socio-économique. Agriculture et Développement 14:3–10 Rasoavarimanana MA (1997) Le marais d'altitude de Torotorofotsy et son environnement socio-économique. Agriculture et Développement 14:3–10
go back to reference Rasoloarison RM, Goodman SM, Ganzhorn AW (2000) Taxonomic revision of mouse lemurs (Microcebus) in the western portions of Madagascar. Int J Primatol 21:963–1019 Rasoloarison RM, Goodman SM, Ganzhorn AW (2000) Taxonomic revision of mouse lemurs (Microcebus) in the western portions of Madagascar. Int J Primatol 21:963–1019
go back to reference Ratsoavina, FM, Glaw F, Raselimanana AP, Rakotoarison A, Vieites DR, Hawlitscheck O, Vences M, Scherz MD (2020) Towards completion of the species inventory of small-sized leaf-tailed geckos: two new species of Uroplatus from northern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4895: 251–271 Ratsoavina, FM, Glaw F, Raselimanana AP, Rakotoarison A, Vieites DR, Hawlitscheck O, Vences M, Scherz MD (2020) Towards completion of the species inventory of small-sized leaf-tailed geckos: two new species of Uroplatus from northern Madagascar. Zootaxa 4895: 251–271
go back to reference Rauh W (1973) Über die Zonierung und Differenzierung der Vegetation Madagaskars. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden, S 7–146 Rauh W (1973) Über die Zonierung und Differenzierung der Vegetation Madagaskars. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden, S 7–146
go back to reference Rauh W (1995) Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. 1. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley Rauh W (1995) Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. 1. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley
go back to reference Rauh W (1998) Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. 2. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley Rauh W (1998) Succulent and xerophytic plants of Madagascar. 2. Strawberry Press, Mill Valley
go back to reference Reddy S, Driskell A, Rabosky DL, Hackett SJ, Schulenberg TS (2012) Diversification and the adaptive radiation of the vangas of Madagascar. Proc R Soc B 279:2062–2071 Reddy S, Driskell A, Rabosky DL, Hackett SJ, Schulenberg TS (2012) Diversification and the adaptive radiation of the vangas of Madagascar. Proc R Soc B 279:2062–2071
go back to reference Reeve E, Ndriantsoa SH, Strauß A, Randrianiaina RD, Rasolonjatovo Hiobiarilanto T, Glaw F, Glos J, Vences M (2011) Acoustic underwater signals with a probable function during competitive feeding in a tadpole. Naturwissenschaften 98:135–143 Reeve E, Ndriantsoa SH, Strauß A, Randrianiaina RD, Rasolonjatovo Hiobiarilanto T, Glaw F, Glos J, Vences M (2011) Acoustic underwater signals with a probable function during competitive feeding in a tadpole. Naturwissenschaften 98:135–143
go back to reference Santini L, Rojas D, Donati G (2015) Evolving through day and night: origin and diversification of activity pattern in modern primates. Behav Ecol 26:789–796 Santini L, Rojas D, Donati G (2015) Evolving through day and night: origin and diversification of activity pattern in modern primates. Behav Ecol 26:789–796
go back to reference Schliehe-Diecks S, Markolf M, Huchard E (2010) When big lemurs swallow up small ones: Coquerel’s dwarf lemur as a predator of grey mouse lemurs and endemic rodents. Lemur News 15:13–14 Schliehe-Diecks S, Markolf M, Huchard E (2010) When big lemurs swallow up small ones: Coquerel’s dwarf lemur as a predator of grey mouse lemurs and endemic rodents. Lemur News 15:13–14
go back to reference Schwitzer C (2010) Editorial. Lemur News 15:1–2 Schwitzer C (2010) Editorial. Lemur News 15:1–2
go back to reference Strauß AE, Reeve RD, Randrianiaina Vences M, Glos J (2010) The worldʼs richest tadpole communities show functional redundancy and low functional diversity: ecological data on Madagascaraʼs stream-dwelling amphibian larvae. BMC Ecol 10:12 Strauß AE, Reeve RD, Randrianiaina Vences M, Glos J (2010) The worldʼs richest tadpole communities show functional redundancy and low functional diversity: ecological data on Madagascaraʼs stream-dwelling amphibian larvae. BMC Ecol 10:12
go back to reference Styger E, Rakotondramasy HM, Pfeffer M, Bates D (2007) Influence of Slash-and-Burn Farming Practices on Fallow Succession and Land Degradation in the Rainforest Region of Madagascar. Agric Ecosyst Environ 119:257–269 Styger E, Rakotondramasy HM, Pfeffer M, Bates D (2007) Influence of Slash-and-Burn Farming Practices on Fallow Succession and Land Degradation in the Rainforest Region of Madagascar. Agric Ecosyst Environ 119:257–269
go back to reference Surridge C (2004) Rice cultivation: feast or famine? Nature 428:360–361 Surridge C (2004) Rice cultivation: feast or famine? Nature 428:360–361
go back to reference Tan CL (1999) Group composition, home range size, and diet of three sympatric bamboo lemur species (Genus Hapalemur) in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. Int J Primatol 20:547–566 Tan CL (1999) Group composition, home range size, and diet of three sympatric bamboo lemur species (Genus Hapalemur) in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. Int J Primatol 20:547–566
go back to reference Teissier O (1859) Unpublished letters of Philibert Commerson. Bull Soc Sci Arts Belles-Lett Toulon 265–275 Teissier O (1859) Unpublished letters of Philibert Commerson. Bull Soc Sci Arts Belles-Lett Toulon 265–275
go back to reference Teyssier J, Saenko SV, van der Marel D, Milinkovitch MC (2015) Photonic crystals cause active colour change in chameleons. Nat Commun 6:6368 Teyssier J, Saenko SV, van der Marel D, Milinkovitch MC (2015) Photonic crystals cause active colour change in chameleons. Nat Commun 6:6368
go back to reference Vallier J (1898) Etude sur les ressources de la Forêt d'Analamazaotra. Notes, Reconnaissances et Explorations 4:1184–1208 Vallier J (1898) Etude sur les ressources de la Forêt d'Analamazaotra. Notes, Reconnaissances et Explorations 4:1184–1208
go back to reference Vences M (2004) Origin of Madagascar`s extant fauna: a perspective from amphibians, reptiles and other non-flying vertebrates. It J Zool Suppl 2:217–228 Vences M (2004) Origin of Madagascar`s extant fauna: a perspective from amphibians, reptiles and other non-flying vertebrates. It J Zool Suppl 2:217–228
go back to reference Vences M, Vieites DR, Glaw F, Brinkmann H, Kosuch J, Veith M, Meyer A (2003) Multiple overseas dispersal in amphibians. Proc R Soc B 270:2435–2442 Vences M, Vieites DR, Glaw F, Brinkmann H, Kosuch J, Veith M, Meyer A (2003) Multiple overseas dispersal in amphibians. Proc R Soc B 270:2435–2442
go back to reference Vences M, Wollenberg KC, Vieites DR, Lees DC (2009) Madagascar as a model region of species diversification. Trends Ecol Evol 24:456–465 Vences M, Wollenberg KC, Vieites DR, Lees DC (2009) Madagascar as a model region of species diversification. Trends Ecol Evol 24:456–465
go back to reference Vieilledent G, Grinand C, Rakotomalala FA, Ranaivosoa R, Rakotoarijaona JR, Allnutt TF, Acharda F (2018) Combining global tree cover loss data with historical national forest cover maps to look at six decades of deforestation and forest fragmentation in Madagascar. Biol Conserv 222:189–197 Vieilledent G, Grinand C, Rakotomalala FA, Ranaivosoa R, Rakotoarijaona JR, Allnutt TF, Acharda F (2018) Combining global tree cover loss data with historical national forest cover maps to look at six decades of deforestation and forest fragmentation in Madagascar. Biol Conserv 222:189–197
go back to reference Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F, Köhler J, Glaw F, Vences M (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. PNAS 106:8267–8272 Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F, Köhler J, Glaw F, Vences M (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. PNAS 106:8267–8272
go back to reference WFP – (World Food Programme) (2005) Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis, Madagascar. WFP, Rome WFP – (World Food Programme) (2005) Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis, Madagascar. WFP, Rome
go back to reference Wilmé L, Goodman SM, Ganzhorn JU (2006) Biogeographic evolution of Madagascar's microendemic biota. Science 312:1063–1065 Wilmé L, Goodman SM, Ganzhorn JU (2006) Biogeographic evolution of Madagascar's microendemic biota. Science 312:1063–1065
go back to reference WWF Report (2011) Treasure island: new biodiversity on Madagascar (1999–2010). WWF Madagascar & West Indian Ocean Programme Office WWF Report (2011) Treasure island: new biodiversity on Madagascar (1999–2010). WWF Madagascar & West Indian Ocean Programme Office
go back to reference Yoder AD, Nowak MD (2006) Has vicariance or dispersal been the predominant biogeographic force in Madagascar? Only time will tell. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 37:405–431 Yoder AD, Nowak MD (2006) Has vicariance or dispersal been the predominant biogeographic force in Madagascar? Only time will tell. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 37:405–431
go back to reference Younger JL, Strozier L, Maddox JD, Nyári ÁS, Bonfitto MT, Raherilalao MJ, Goodman SM, Reddy S (2018) Hidden diversity of forest birds in Madagascar revealed using integrative taxonomy. Mol Phylogenet Evol 124:16–26 Younger JL, Strozier L, Maddox JD, Nyári ÁS, Bonfitto MT, Raherilalao MJ, Goodman SM, Reddy S (2018) Hidden diversity of forest birds in Madagascar revealed using integrative taxonomy. Mol Phylogenet Evol 124:16–26
Metadata
Title
Naturgeschichte und Umweltschutz
Authors
Melanie Dammhahn
Lennart Pyritz
Peter Kappeler
Philip-Sebastian Gehring
Miguel Vences
Rainer Dolch
Matthias Markolf
Hanitriniaina Markolf Rakotonirina
Nora Schwitzer
Christoph Schwitzer
Copyright Year
2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61590-4_1