Navigating Challenges in India’s Milk Industry: An In-Depth Review on Cattle Healthcare, Technology, and Market Dynamics

Milk has an ever-growing demand in the society being a necessity of a to infant to a full-grown adult. From the part of livestock care to distribution of the end product, each and every process plays a significance in the health of dairy products consumed. Availability of assured quality of these products is the biggest challenge faced by the consumer today. Verticals of the dairy industry: health care of livestock, technology involved, and market status are reviewed. Challenges in each vertical have been deduced and discussed. The adoption of various livestock management practices including breeding, feeding, and healthcare practices across various parts of India has been discussed. In some parts, lack of awareness is observed, while in others, ignorance is seen due to unavailability of resources and financial constraints. Technology acceptance, and its various factors, in the organized sector (20% of the whole) has worked toward effective utilization of milk production. Globally, various technological advancements are revolutionizing the dairy industry keeping in mind the goals of sustainability. India is the largest milk producer but still needs to import dairy products affecting the market. Socio-economical, technical, and operational reasons behind these are also deliberated upon.