Skip to main content
Top

2015 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

13. Numerical Simulation of the Aerodynamic Loads on Trees During Storms

Authors : Edward Chern Jinn Gan, Salim Mohamed Salim

Published in: Transactions on Engineering Technologies

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Fluid-structure interactions for a single tree and a pair of trees with varying spacing subjected to gentle breeze and storm wind conditions were evaluated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The generated velocity and pressure fields are then analysed using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to determine the likelihood of tree damage due to the aerodynamic loads induced by the two wind conditions. It is observed that the pressure difference between the windward and leeward sides of the trees are much larger during the storm condition resulting in greater mechanical stresses and deformation magnitudes experienced by the tree trunks. Increasing the spacing between neighbouring trees resulted in larger aerodynamic loads on the sheltered trees downstream.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Ulanova, N.G.: The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: a review. For. Ecol. Manag. 135, 155–167 (2000)CrossRef Ulanova, N.G.: The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: a review. For. Ecol. Manag. 135, 155–167 (2000)CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Duelli, P., Obrist, M.K., Wermelinger, B.: Windthrow-induced changes in faunistic biodiversity in alphine spruce forests’. For. Snow Lands. Res. 77(1/2), 117–131 (2002) Duelli, P., Obrist, M.K., Wermelinger, B.: Windthrow-induced changes in faunistic biodiversity in alphine spruce forests’. For. Snow Lands. Res. 77(1/2), 117–131 (2002)
3.
go back to reference Putz, F.E., Coley, P.D., Lu, K., Montalvo, A., Aiello, A.: Uprooting and snapping of trees: structural determinants and ecological consequences’. Can. J. For. Res. 13(5), 1011–1020 (1983)CrossRef Putz, F.E., Coley, P.D., Lu, K., Montalvo, A., Aiello, A.: Uprooting and snapping of trees: structural determinants and ecological consequences’. Can. J. For. Res. 13(5), 1011–1020 (1983)CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Sinton, D.S., Jones, J.A.: Extreme winds and windthrow in the Western Columbia River Gorge. Northwest Sci. 76(2), 173–182 (2002) Sinton, D.S., Jones, J.A.: Extreme winds and windthrow in the Western Columbia River Gorge. Northwest Sci. 76(2), 173–182 (2002)
5.
go back to reference Peltola, H.M.: Mechanical stability of trees under static loads’. Am. J. Bot. 93(10), 1501–1511 (2006)CrossRef Peltola, H.M.: Mechanical stability of trees under static loads’. Am. J. Bot. 93(10), 1501–1511 (2006)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Brudi, E., Wassenaer, P.v.: Trees and statics: non-destructive failure analysis. How trees stand up and fall down, pp. 53–70 (2002) Brudi, E., Wassenaer, P.v.: Trees and statics: non-destructive failure analysis. How trees stand up and fall down, pp. 53–70 (2002)
7.
go back to reference Novak, M.D., Warland, J.S., Orchansky, A.L., Ketler, R., Greem, S.: Wind tunnel and field measurements of turbulent flow in forests. Part I: uniformly thinned stands’. Bound.-Lay. Meteorol. 95, 457–495 (2000)CrossRef Novak, M.D., Warland, J.S., Orchansky, A.L., Ketler, R., Greem, S.: Wind tunnel and field measurements of turbulent flow in forests. Part I: uniformly thinned stands’. Bound.-Lay. Meteorol. 95, 457–495 (2000)CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Gardiner, B.A., Stacey, G.R., Belcher, R.E., Wood, C.J.: Field and wind tunnel assessments of the implications of respacing and thinning for tree stability’. Forestry 70(3), 233–252 (1997)CrossRef Gardiner, B.A., Stacey, G.R., Belcher, R.E., Wood, C.J.: Field and wind tunnel assessments of the implications of respacing and thinning for tree stability’. Forestry 70(3), 233–252 (1997)CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Gross, G.: A numerical study of the air flow within and around a single tree. Bound. Lay. Meteorol. 40, 311–327 (1987)CrossRef Gross, G.: A numerical study of the air flow within and around a single tree. Bound. Lay. Meteorol. 40, 311–327 (1987)CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Tiwary, A., Morvan, H.P., Colls, J.J.: Modelling the size-dependent collection efficiency of hedgerows for ambient aerosols’. Aerosol Sci. 37, 990–1015 (2005)CrossRef Tiwary, A., Morvan, H.P., Colls, J.J.: Modelling the size-dependent collection efficiency of hedgerows for ambient aerosols’. Aerosol Sci. 37, 990–1015 (2005)CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Salim, S.M., Cheah, S.C., Chan, A.: Numerical simulation of dispersion in urban street canyons with avenue-like tree plantings: comparison between RANS and LES’. Build. Environ. 46, 1735–1746 (2011)CrossRef Salim, S.M., Cheah, S.C., Chan, A.: Numerical simulation of dispersion in urban street canyons with avenue-like tree plantings: comparison between RANS and LES’. Build. Environ. 46, 1735–1746 (2011)CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Salim, S.M., Buccolieri, R., Chan, A., Di Sabatino, S., Cheah, S.C.: Large eddy simulation of the aerodynamic effects of trees on pollutant concentrations in street canyons’. Procedia Environ. Sci. 4, 17–24 (2011)CrossRef Salim, S.M., Buccolieri, R., Chan, A., Di Sabatino, S., Cheah, S.C.: Large eddy simulation of the aerodynamic effects of trees on pollutant concentrations in street canyons’. Procedia Environ. Sci. 4, 17–24 (2011)CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Buccolieri, R., Salim, S.M., Leo, L.S., Sabatino, S.D., Chan, A., Ielpo, P., Gennaro, G., Gromke, C.: Analysis of local scale tree–atmosphere interaction on pollutant concentration in idealized street canyons and application to a real urban junction. Atmos. Environ. 45, 1702–1713 (2011)CrossRef Buccolieri, R., Salim, S.M., Leo, L.S., Sabatino, S.D., Chan, A., Ielpo, P., Gennaro, G., Gromke, C.: Analysis of local scale tree–atmosphere interaction on pollutant concentration in idealized street canyons and application to a real urban junction. Atmos. Environ. 45, 1702–1713 (2011)CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Gromke, C., Buccolieri, R., Sabatino, S.D., Ruck, B.: Dispersion study in a street canyon with tree planting by means of wind tunnel and numerical investigations – evaluation of CFD data with experimental data. Atmos. Environ. 42, 8640–8650 (2008)CrossRef Gromke, C., Buccolieri, R., Sabatino, S.D., Ruck, B.: Dispersion study in a street canyon with tree planting by means of wind tunnel and numerical investigations – evaluation of CFD data with experimental data. Atmos. Environ. 42, 8640–8650 (2008)CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Gan, C.J., Salim, S.M.: Numerical analysis of fluid-structure interaction between wind flow and trees. Lecture notes in engineering and computer science. Proceedings of the world congress on engineering 2014, WCE 2014, pp. 1218–2014. London (2014) Gan, C.J., Salim, S.M.: Numerical analysis of fluid-structure interaction between wind flow and trees. Lecture notes in engineering and computer science. Proceedings of the world congress on engineering 2014, WCE 2014, pp. 1218–2014. London (2014)
16.
go back to reference Sapuan, M.S., Razali, A.M., Ibrahim, K.: Forecasting and mapping of extreme wind speed for 5 to 100-years return period in Peninsula Malaysia. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 5(7), 1204–1212 (2011) Sapuan, M.S., Razali, A.M., Ibrahim, K.: Forecasting and mapping of extreme wind speed for 5 to 100-years return period in Peninsula Malaysia. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 5(7), 1204–1212 (2011)
17.
go back to reference Sahri, M.H., Ashaari, Z., Kader, R.A., Mohmod, A.L.: Physical and mechanical properties of Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis from different provenances’. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 21(2), 73–81 (1998) Sahri, M.H., Ashaari, Z., Kader, R.A., Mohmod, A.L.: Physical and mechanical properties of Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis from different provenances’. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 21(2), 73–81 (1998)
18.
go back to reference Salim, S.M., Ong, K.C.: Performance of RANS, URANS and LES in the prediction of airflow and pollutant dispersion. IAENG Transactions on Engineering Technologies, pp. 263–274. Springer, Netherlands (2013) Salim, S.M., Ong, K.C.: Performance of RANS, URANS and LES in the prediction of airflow and pollutant dispersion. IAENG Transactions on Engineering Technologies, pp. 263–274. Springer, Netherlands (2013)
19.
go back to reference Salim, S.M., Buccolieri, R., Chan, A., Di Sabatino, S.: Numerical simulation of atmospheric pollutant dispersion in an urban street canyon: comparison between RANS and LES’. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 99(2–3), 103–113 (2011)CrossRef Salim, S.M., Buccolieri, R., Chan, A., Di Sabatino, S.: Numerical simulation of atmospheric pollutant dispersion in an urban street canyon: comparison between RANS and LES’. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 99(2–3), 103–113 (2011)CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Salim, S.M., Ariff, M., Cheah, S.C.: Wall y+ approach for dealing with turbulent flows over a wall mounted cube. Prog. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 10(5/6), 341–351 (2010)MATHCrossRef Salim, S.M., Ariff, M., Cheah, S.C.: Wall y+ approach for dealing with turbulent flows over a wall mounted cube. Prog. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 10(5/6), 341–351 (2010)MATHCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Numerical Simulation of the Aerodynamic Loads on Trees During Storms
Authors
Edward Chern Jinn Gan
Salim Mohamed Salim
Copyright Year
2015
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9804-4_13

Premium Partners