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Fire Technology

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20-06-2020

On the Local Buckling of Steel “I” Profiles in a Fire Situation

Authors: Gian Carlo Calobrezi, Valdir Pignatta Silva

Published in: Fire Technology | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Although the fire resistance of various steel profiles has been predicted and presented in the literature, the effect of local buckling requires further research. This comprehensive study discusses this effect on the fire resistance of steel “I” slender cross-sections for uniform compression and simple bending cases. A numerical modelling analysis with SAFIR considering the ABNT NBR 14.323:2013 and Eurocode 3 Part 1-2 (2005) design rules is conducted. For the catalogue profiles, the standards are conservative for columns and beams for a temperature range between 600.00°C and 800.00°C and 400.00°C and 800.00°C, respectively. However, the results determined with the standards may be unsafe. The need for an improvement in the precision of the current standards is also discussed.

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k_σ,θ, according to the Brazilian standard, and k_p0.2,θ, according to the European standard, correspond to the reduction factor for steel design yield strength of cross sections subject to local buckling at elevated temperature. They are identical.

Identical to the following AISC 360-16 cases: “doubly symmetric I-shaped members with slender flanges” and “doubly symmetric I-shaped members with slender webs”.

\(k_{pg} ,\) according to Brazilian standard, and \(R_{pg}\), according to AISC 360-16, correspond to the bending reduction factor. They are identical.

‘\(M_{Rk}\) as a function of \(b/t\)’ curve, composed by 3 parts. A horizontal straight line, corresponding to the plastic regime, followed by a descending straight line, which connects the end of the plastic regime and the beginning of the elastic regime, and finally a hyperbolic curve, corresponding to the critical moment (elastic regime).

ADINA was used to calculate the first buckling mode configuration of the structure. Then, its eigenvectors coordinates were extracted, processed and combined with the original three-dimensional coordinates of the structure (i.e., without imperfections). The result of this coordinate combination is a geometry with imperfections, exported to SAFIR to perform the thermo-structural analysis.

Other authors usually select a smaller temperature range. For instance, some numerical results on the research developed by Zhao et al. [4] and Couto et al. [5] were presented in graphs for 350°C, 450°C, 550°C and 700°C regarding axial compression and bending cross-sectional resistance.

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (2013) NBR 14.323: Projeto de estruturas de aço e de estruturas mistas de aço e concreto de edifícios em situação de incêndio. Rio de Janeiro

British Standards Institution (2005) BS EN 1993-1-2: Eurocode 3: design of steel structures—Part 1-2: general rules—structural fire design. United Kingdom

Knobloch M (2008) Local buckling behavior of steel sections subjected to fire. Fire Saf Sci 9:1239–1254. 10.3801/iafss.fss.9-1239CrossRef

Zhao B, Oly R, Morente F, Real PV, Wald F, Franssen JM, Velda P (2014) Fire design of steel members width welded or hot-rolled class 4 cross-section (FIDESC4). RFCS-CT-2011-00030, 2011-2014, Technical Report No. 5. Luxembourg

Couto C, Real PV, Lopes N, Zhao B (2015) Resistance of steel cross-sections with local buckling at elevated temperatures. J Constr Steel Res 109:101–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.03.005CrossRef

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Franssen J-M (2005) SAFIR: a thermal/structural program for modelling structures under fire. Eng J Am Inst Steel Constr 42:143–158

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (2008) NBR 8.800: Projeto de Estruturas de Aço e Estruturas Mistas de Aço e Concreto de Edifícios. Rio de Janeiro

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (2010) NBR 14.762: Dimensionamento de Estruturas de Aço Constituídas por Perfis Formados a Frio. Rio de Janeiro

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Landesmann A, Camotim D (2011) On the distortional buckling, post-buckling and strength of cold-formed steel lipped channel columns under fire conditions. J Struct Fire Eng 2(1):1–19. https://doi.org/10.1260/2040-2317.2.1.1CrossRef

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Title: On the Local Buckling of Steel “I” Profiles in a Fire Situation
Authors: Gian Carlo Calobrezi
Valdir Pignatta Silva
Publication date: 20-06-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Fire Technology / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0015-2684
Electronic ISSN: 1572-8099
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-020-01009-6

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