Online hate speech and emotions on Twitter: a case study of Greta Thunberg at the UN Climate Change Conference COP25 in 2019

The article delves into the phenomenon of online hate speech and emotions on Twitter, focusing on the case of Greta Thunberg's presence at the UN Climate Change Conference COP25. It highlights the use of sentiment and emotion analysis to understand the dynamics of hate speech and its association with various emotions. The study tracks tweets mentioning Thunberg during the conference, analyzing network theory, natural language processing, and regression trees to identify hate speech and its emotional triggers. The findings reveal that hate speech is not uniform across groups and is influenced by specific emotions such as disgust, anger, and sadness. The research also uncovers the role of bots and astroturfing in spreading hate speech. The article concludes by emphasizing the shift in the public debate due to Donald Trump's tweet, which sparked intense emotional reactions and inter-group confrontations.