Optimization of magnetodielectric coupling in Mn substituted BiFeO₃ for potential memory devices

Coexistence of spontaneous magnetization and polarization is a key phenomenon in multiferroic materials whereas coupling among these order parameters is anticipated to play a vital role in modern day engineering devices and information technology. In this context, Mn substituted BiFeO₃ was synthesized using sol–gel accompanying auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction of the calcined BiFe_1−xMn_xO₃ samples exhibited a crystalline nature and phase purity of the samples. Among the samples, BiFe_0.8Mn_0.2O₃ depicted more stable rhombohedral structure as compared to BiFeO₃, whereas mixed phases of orthorhombic and monoclinic were observed in BiFe_1−xMn_xO₃ at 0.4 ≤ x ≤ 1.0. Surface morphology, as seen using a field emission electron microscope, revealed decreasing granular size which interpreted modified magnetic attributes examined by vibrating sample magnetometer for specific Mn contents. Elemental wt% were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. To extract the optimized results from Mn substituted BiFeO₃, magnetodielectric coupling was examined as well under 6 kOe applied magnetic field which declared BiFe_0.8Mn_0.2O₃ as the most optimized composition. Hence, this research work has opened the way for the material scientists and engineers to pursue more efficient multiferroics. It is an effective way to rectify various issues relevant to device applications like quick switching, magnetically controlled supercapacitors and designing fast and higher density data storage devices that is magnetoelectric random-access memories.