Top

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

Published in:

15-01-2021 | Research Article-Chemical Engineering

Optimization of the Asymmetric Cellulose Acetate Membrane Synthesis Variables for Porosity and Pure Water Permeation Flux Using Response Surface Methodology: Microfiltration Application

Authors: Zainab Mohammed Redha, Qais Bu-Ali, Yousif Ahmed Saeed, Ali Mohammed Ali

Published in: Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering | Issue 7/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Membranes play a vital role in membrane-based water treatment processes. Thus, improvement in the membrane fabrication stage can greatly affect the overall performance of these technologies. Accordingly, this study focuses on optimizing the fabrication process of a microfiltration cellulose acetate membrane prepared using a pore-templating method. The effects of synthesis variables and their interactions were investigated using face-centered composite design through response surface methodology (RSM). Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and glycerin concentrations in the casting solution in addition to evaporation time and hydrochloric acid (HCl) bath time were selected as the independent variables, while the membrane porosity and pure water flux were considered as the response variables. Significant increase in both responses was observed by increasing CaCO₃ and glycerin concentrations (P value < 0.05). However, the effect of evaporation time was found to be statistically insignificant on both responses. The effect of the HCl bath time was found to significantly affect the membrane porosity but not the pure water flux. RSM models for both responses were statistically evaluated in terms of the coefficient of determination (R²), and the estimated values (96.74% for the porosity model and 83.85% for the flux model) indicated good fit of the model to the experimental values. Multiple response optimization was employed, and the membrane produced at optimum conditions proved to have good agreement with the predicted values (16.2% error in flux and 3.66% error in porosity). The membrane was successfully applied for paint pigment rejection and oil emulsion rejection, and rejection efficiencies of 95.6% and 80% were achieved for color and oil, respectively, confirming the applicability of the membrane produced at the obtained optimum condition for wastewater treatment.

previous article Modeling of Congo Red Adsorption onto Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Response Surface Methodology: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies

next article Synthesis and Process Parameter Optimization of Biodiesel from Jojoba Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Anis, S.F.; Hashaikeh, R.; Hilal, N.: Microfiltration membrane processes: a review of research trends over the past decade. J. Water Process Eng. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100941CrossRef

Kulozik, U.: Chapter 1—Ultra- and microfiltration in dairy technology. In: Basile, A.; Ghasemzadeh, K. (eds.). Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes. Membrane Processes in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Field, pp. 1–28. Elsevier (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813606-5.00001-4

Davis, R.H.: Chapter 2—Microfiltration in pharmaceutics and biotechnology. Basile, A.; Ghasemzadeh, K. (eds.). Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes. Membrane Processes in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Field, pp. 29–67. Elsevier (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813606-5.00002-6

Achiou, B.; et al.: Manufacturing of tubular ceramic microfiltration membrane based on natural pozzolan for pretreatment of seawater desalination. Desalination 419, 181–187 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2017.06.014CrossRef

Dang, H.T.T.; Tran, H.D.; Tran, S.H.; Sasakawa, M.; Narbaitz, R.M.: Treatment and reuse of coalmine wastewater in Vietnam: application of microfiltration. Water Qual. Res. J. Can. 53(3), 133–142 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2018.028CrossRef

Mouiya, M.; et al.: Fabrication and characterization of a ceramic membrane from clay and banana peel powder: application to industrial wastewater treatment. Mater. Chem. Phys. 227, 291–301 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.02.011CrossRef

Rasouli, Y.; Abbasi, M.; Hashemifard, S.A.: Fabrication, characterization, fouling behavior and performance study of ceramic microfiltration membranes for oily wastewater treatment. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 7(4), 476–495 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/21870764.2019.1667070CrossRef

Saini, P.; Bulasara, V.K.; Reddy, A.S.: Performance of a new ceramic microfiltration membrane based on kaolin in textile industry wastewater treatment. Chem. Eng. Commun. 206(2), 227–236 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2018.1482281CrossRef

Cui, Z.; et al.: Fabricating PVDF hollow fiber microfiltration membrane with a tenon-connection structure via the thermally induced phase separation process to enhance strength and permeability. Eur. Polym. J. 111, 49–62 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.009CrossRef

10.

Mansoori, S.; Davarnejad, R.; Matsuura, T.; Ismail, A.F.: Membranes based on non-synthetic (natural) polymers for wastewater treatment. Polym. Test. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106381CrossRef

11.

Peng, B.; Yao, Z.; Wang, X.; Crombeen, M.; Sweeney, D.G.; Tam, K.C.: Cellulose-based materials in wastewater treatment of petroleum industry. Green Energy Environ. 5(1), 37–49 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2019.09.003CrossRef

12.

Saljoughi, E.; Mohammadi, T.: Cellulose acetate (CA)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) blend asymmetric membranes: preparation, morphology and performance. Desalination 249(2), 850–854 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.12.066CrossRef

13.

Saljoughi, E.; Sadrzadeh, M.; Mohammadi, T.: Effect of preparation variables on morphology and pure water permeation flux through asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 326(2), 627–634 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2008.10.044CrossRef

14.

Kusworo, T.D.; Hadiyanto, H.; Deariska, D.; Nugraha, L.: Enhancement of separation performance of asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane for produced water treatment using response surface methodology. Chem. Ind. Chem. Eng. Q. 24(2), 139–147 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ170112026KCrossRef

15.

Su Shen, S.; Chen, H.; Hua Wang, R.; Ji, W.; Zhang, Y.; Bai, R.: Preparation of antifouling cellulose acetate membranes with good hydrophilic and oleophobic surface properties. Mater. Lett. 252, 1–4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.03.089CrossRef

16.

Hu, M.-X.; Niu, H.-M.; Chen, X.-L.; Zhan, H.-B.: Natural cellulose microfiltration membranes for oil/water nanoemulsions separation. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 564, 142–151 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.045CrossRef

17.

Mu, C.; Su, Y.; Sun, M.; Chen, W.; Jiang, Z.: Remarkable improvement of the performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) microfiltration membranes by the additive of cellulose acetate. J. Membr. Sci. 350(1–2), 293–300 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.01.004CrossRef

18.

Kellenberger, C.R.; Luechinger, N.A.; Lamprou, A.; Rossier, M.; Grass, R.N.; Stark, W.J.: Soluble nanoparticles as removable pore templates for the preparation of polymer ultrafiltration membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 387–388, 76–82 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.10.011CrossRef

19.

Kaiser, A.; Stark, W.J.; Grass, R.N.: Rapid production of a porous cellulose acetate membrane for water filtration using readily available chemicals. J. Chem. Educ. 94(4), 483–487 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00776CrossRef

20.

Wagner, J.R.; Mount, E.M.; Giles, H.F.: 25—Design of experiments. In: Wagner, J.R., Mount, E.M., H. F. B. T.-E. (Second E. Giles (eds.) Plastics Design Library, pp. 291–308. William Andrew Publishing, Oxford (2014)

21.

Baneshi, M.M.; et al.: A high-flux P84 polyimide mixed matrix membranes incorporated with cadmium-based metal organic frameworks for enhanced simultaneous dyes removal: response surface methodology. Environ. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109278CrossRef

22.

Díaz-Cruz, J.M.; Esteban, M.; Ariño, C.: Experimental design and optimization. In: Chemometrics in Electroanalysis. Monographs in Electrochemistry. Springer, Cham. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21384-8_4

23.

Vasanth, D.; Pugazhenthi, G.; Uppaluri, R.: Performance of low cost ceramic microfiltration membranes for the treatment of oil-in-water emulsions. Sep. Sci. Technol. 48(6), 849–858 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2012.712598CrossRef

24.

Kuang, W.; et al.: Investigation of internal concentration polarization reduction in forward osmosis membrane using nano-CaCO₃ particles as sacrificial component. J. Membr. Sci. 497, 485–493 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2015.06.052CrossRef

25.

Suthabanditpong, W.; Takai, C.; Razavi-Khosroshahi, H.; Okada, Y.; El-Salmawy, M.S.; Fuji, M.: Influence of CaCO₃ pore-forming agent on porosity and thermal conductivity of cellulose acetate materials prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation. Adv. Powder Technol. 30(1), 207–213 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2018.10.024CrossRef

26.

Hess, S.C.; Kohll, A.X.; Raso, R.A.; Schumacher, C.M.; Grass, R.N.; Stark, W.J.: Template-particle stabilized bicontinuous emulsion yielding controlled assembly of hierarchical high-flux filtration membranes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7(1), 611–617 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1021/am506737nCrossRef

27.

Feng, C.; Wang, R.; Shi, B.; Li, G.; Wu, Y.: Factors affecting pore structure and performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene) asymmetric porous membrane. J. Membr. Sci. 277(1–2), 55–64 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2005.10.009CrossRef

28.

Jami’An, W.N.R.; Hasbullah, H.; Mohamed, F.; Yusof, N.; Ibrahim, N.; Ali, R.R.: Effect of evaporation time on cellulose acetate membrane for gas separation. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/36/1/012008CrossRef

29.

Gebru, K.A.; Das, C.: Removal of bovine serum albumin from wastewater using fouling resistant ultrafiltration membranes based on the blends of cellulose acetate, and PVP-TiO₂ nanoparticles. J. Environ. Manag. 200, 283–294 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.086CrossRef

30.

He, X.: Fabrication of defect-free cellulose acetate hollow fibers by optimization of spinning parameters. Membranes (Basel) 7(2), 1–9 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes7020027CrossRef

31.

Sudiarti, T.; Wahyuningrum, D.; Bundjali, B.; Made Arcana, I.: Mechanical strength and ionic conductivity of polymer electrolyte membranes prepared from cellulose acetate-lithium perchlorate. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/223/1/012052CrossRef

32.

Gorassini, A.; Adami, G.; Calvini, P.; Giacomello, A.: ATR-FTIR characterization of old pressure sensitive adhesive tapes in historic papers. J. Cult. Herit. 21, 775–785 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2016.03.005CrossRef

33.

Rajeswari, A.; Jackcina-Stobel-Christy, E.; Ida Celine Mary, G.; Jayaraj, K.; Pius, A.: Cellulose acetate based biopolymeric mixed matrix membranes with various nanoparticles for environmental remediation-A comparative study. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103278CrossRef

34.

Almojjly, A.; Johnson, D.; Hilal, N.: Investigations of the effect of pore size of ceramic membranes on the pilot-scale removal of oil from oil-water emulsion. J. Water Process Eng. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100868CrossRef

Title: Optimization of the Asymmetric Cellulose Acetate Membrane Synthesis Variables for Porosity and Pure Water Permeation Flux Using Response Surface Methodology: Microfiltration Application
Authors: Zainab Mohammed Redha
Qais Bu-Ali
Yousif Ahmed Saeed
Ali Mohammed Ali
Publication date: 15-01-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering / Issue 7/2021
Print ISSN: 2193-567X
Electronic ISSN: 2191-4281
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05298-5

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 7/2021

Harvesting of Microalgae from Synthetic Fertilizer Wastewater by Magnetic Particles Through Embedding–Flocculation Strategy

A Precise Method to Improve the Mechanical Properties of the Mud Pulse Telemetry in Order to Manufacture a Positive Mud Pulse Telemetry System

Analytical Modelling, CFD Simulation, and Experimental Validation of n-butanol-Diesel/Biodiesel Fuel Blends in a Microfluidic System

Thermochemical Co-conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse-LDPE Hybrid Waste into Biochar

Impact of Soil Characteristics and Moisture Content on the Corrosion of Underground Steel Pipelines

Synthesis and Application of Fe-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photodegradation of 2,4-D from Aqueous Solution

Premium Partners