Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Events
Topic Page
Marketing
Log in
Learn more about individual access
Request company access
13th International Engine Congress 2026 | 24 + 25 February 2026

Meeting Place for the Powertrain and Sustainable Fuels Community

Take part as a speaker in the 13th International Engine Congress 2026, the Meeting Place for the Powertrain, and Sustainable Fuels Community for the exchange of experience. Submit a subject proposal online about our main subject areas: Passenger car engine technology, Commercial vehicle engine technology and Sustainable Fuels & Energy!
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Read chapter Read first chapter

2025 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Partially Defined Logical Operators in Cause-Effect Models

Author : Jerzy Chrząszcz

Published in: World Conference of AI-Powered Innovation and Inventive Design

Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Cause-effect models used in TRIZ to identify key disadvantages of the analyzed systems employ AND and (explicit or implicit) OR operators to indicate how the causes trigger the effects. These fully defined logical operators imply disadvantage elimination strategies, i.e., removing any of the AND-connected causes vs. removing all OR-connected causes. On the contrary, the partially defined logical operators incur uncertainty about the trigger conditions due to the output values being undefined for some input combinations. This paper proposes a method of handling such operators to support decisions regarding disadvantage elimination, which may interest TRIZ practitioners and researchers.
The paper starts with recalling the basics of cause-effect analysis and introducing the notations for describing Boolean functions. The requirements and sample statistics concerning disadvantage descriptions are discussed in the second section, while the third section introduces partially defined operators. The following two sections present the proposed categorization of logical functions and the method for systematic selection of contributing causes to remove. The summary and ideas for further research are given in the last section of the paper.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Systematic Prototyping Using TRIZ
next chapter Inventive Design for Decision-Making: Cutting Costs and Reducing Carbon Footprint in Buildings Refurbishment
Literature
1.
Pearl, J., Mackenzie, D.: The Book of Why. The New Science of Cause and Effect. Penguin Books (2019). ISBN: 978-0-141-98241-0
2.
Pearl, J.: Causality. Models, Reasoning, and Inference. Cambridge University Press (2021). ISBN: 978-0-521-89560-6
3.
Wilson, P.F., Dell, L.D., Anderson, G.F.: Root Cause Analysis: A Tool for Total Quality Management. Wisconsin, ASQ Quality Press, Milwaukee (1993)
4.
5.
Ericson, C.A. II.: Fault tree analysis – A History. 17th International System Safety Conference. Orlando, Florida (1999)
6.
Litvin, S.S., Akselrod, B.M.: Cause-Effects Chains of Undesired Effects, Methodical Theses (in Russian). Saint Petersburg (1996)
7.
Souchkov, V.: Root Conflict Analysis (RCA+): Structuring and Visualization of Contradictions. Proceedings of the ETRIA World Conference TRIZ Future 2005. Graz, Austria, pp. 474–483. Leykam Buchverlag (2005)
8.
Howladar, A., Cavallucci, D.: Analysing complex engineering situations through problem graph. Procedia Eng. 9, 18–29. Elsevier Ltd. (2011)
9.
Hanifi, M., Chibane, H., Houssin, R., Cavallucci, D.: A Method to Formulate Problem in Initial Analysis of Inventive Design. In: Nyffenegger, F. et al. (eds.) Product Lifecycle Management Enabling Smart X. PLM 2020. IFIP AICT, vol. 594, pp. 311–323. Springer (2020)
10.
Chrząszcz, J.: Partially Defined Boolean Functions in TRIZ. In: Cavallucci, D., Livotov, P., Stelian, B. (ed.) Proceedings of the 23rd International TRIZ Future Conference, TFC 2023, Offenburg, Germany, 2023, IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol. 682, pp. 295–300. Springer (2023). https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​978-3-031-42532-5_​23
11.
Chrząszcz, J.: Logical Negation in CECA Model. Proceedings of the TRIZfest-2019 International Conference, pp. 222–233. MATRIZ, Heilbronn, Germany (2019)
12.
Chrząszcz, J., Salata, P.: Cause-Effect Chains Analysis using Boolean algebra. Advances and Impacts of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving. The TRIZ Methodology, Tools and Case Studies, pp. 121–134. Springer (2018)
13.
14.
Chrząszcz, J.: Deriving Quantitative Characteristics From CECA Model. Proceedings of the TRIZfest-2019 International Conference, Heilbronn, Germany, pp. 89–99. MATRIZ (2019)
15.
Abramov, O.Y., Savelli, S.: Identifying Key Problems and Conceptual Directions: Using the Analytical Tools of Modern TRIZ. Proceedings of the TRIZfest-2018 International Conference, pp. 55–68. MATRIZ, Lisbon, Portugal (2018)
Metadata
Title
Partially Defined Logical Operators in Cause-Effect Models
Author
Jerzy Chrząszcz
Copyright Year
2025
Book
World Conference of AI-Powered Innovation and Inventive Design

Print ISBN: 978-3-031-75922-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-75923-9

Copyright Year: 2025

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75923-9_19

Premium Partner

    Image Credits