Pd Nanoparticles in C–H Activation and Cross-coupling Catalysis

This chapter reviews the state of the art in the use of nanoparticles in cross-coupling catalysis, with a focus on C—H activation chemistry. Current understanding of the mechanistic role of heterogeneous catalyst sources as applied to classic cross-coupling process is discussed. Understanding of the factors that influence speciation of catalysts under conditions commonly employed in C–H activation/functionalisation chemistry is highlighted. An overview of the tests that an experimentalist can perform to gain insights on whether a reaction is heterogeneously or homogeneously catalysed is given, along with their respective caveats. Six detailed case studies are presented, aimed at introducing the reader to the breadth and variety of recent developments of both synthetic utility and mechanistic understanding of nanoparticles applied to the field of C—H activation/functionalisation chemistry.