Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Leveraging Today’s Innovation for Tomorrow’s Success Connecting the World from Cloud Data Centers to Consumer’s Tablets Read chapter Read first chapter

2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

22. Performance Evaluation of New Multilevel Spreading Codes for Synchronous DS-CDMA Communication

Authors : K. Usha, K. Jaya Sankar

Published in: Proceedings of International Conference on VLSI, Communication, Advanced Devices, Signals & Systems and Networking (VCASAN-2013)

Publisher: Springer India

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems possess the advantages of efficient use of the spectral band width, resistance to co-channel interference and adaptability to variable traffic patterns. These advantages result from the usage of orthogonal spreading codes. The popularly used binary (2-level) spreading codes are Walsh, Gold, and Kasami codes. This paper proposes new multilevel (ML) orthogonal spreading codes constructed using ternary and quaternary Gray and Inverse Gray codes for multi-user Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access systems. The methodology explained in this paper allows to construct r-level 2n-length user codes. Multilevel spreading codes discussed in this paper are nonzero mean, varying power codes. An attempt is made to analyze these multilevel user codes through auto- and cross-correlation properties and bit error rate. Bit error rate performance of the proposed codes over Gaussian channel and their comparison with those of Walsh and Gold codes is presented in this paper. The proposed codes are found to be more suitable than the existing binary spreading codes.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Study of Continuous Nonlinear FM Pulse Compression Technique
next chapter A Novel Method for Construction of Structured Regular LDPC Codes with Girth Twelve Using Gray Code Representations
Literature
1.
2.
Liang CP et al (1999) Nonlinear amplifier effects in communications systems. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 47(8):1461CrossRef
3.
Trinh QK, Fan P, Gabidulin EM (2006) Multi level Hadamard matrices and zero correlation zone sequences. IEE Electron Lett 42(13):748CrossRef
4.
Poluri R (2007) Design and performance of CDMA codes for multiuser communications. Ph.D thesis, New Jersey’s Science and Technology University
5.
Zhang J, Matolak DW (2009) Multiple level orthogonal codes and their application in MC-CDMA systems. J Comput Commun 32:492–500CrossRef
6.
Qiu X, Sha X, Ning X (2010) A multi-level orthogonal sequences design and implementation method. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICSP 2010, pp 1793–179
7.
Gray F (1953) Pulse code communication. US patent #2632058, 17th Mar 1953
8.
Sankar KJ, Pandharipande VM, Moharir PS (2004) Generalized gray codes, intelligent signal processing and communication systems. In: Proceedings of ISPACS’04, pp 654–659
9.
Pham DM, Premkumar AB, Madhukumar AS (2011) Error detection and correction in communication channels using inverse gray RSNS codes. IEEE Trans Commun 59(4):975–986CrossRef
10.
Usha K, Jaya sankar K (2012) A technique for the construction of inverse gray codes. Int J Emerg Trends Eng Dev 2(2):337–341
11.
Usha K (2012) Binary orthogonal code generation for multi user communication using n-bit gray and inverse gray codes. Int J Electron Commun Eng 5(2):165–174MathSciNet
12.
Sarwate DV, Pursley MB (1980) Correlation properties of pseudo random and related sequences. Proc IEEE 68(5):593–619CrossRef
13.
Abu-Rgheff MA (2005) Introduction to CDMA wireless communications. Elsevier
14.
Anil Kumar V, Mitra A, Prasanna SRM (2008) On the Effectivity of different pseudo-noise and orthogonal sequences for speech encryption from correlation properties. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 48:684–691
Metadata
Title
Performance Evaluation of New Multilevel Spreading Codes for Synchronous DS-CDMA Communication
Authors
K. Usha
K. Jaya Sankar
Copyright Year
2013
Publisher
Springer India
Book
Proceedings of International Conference on VLSI, Communication, Advanced Devices, Signals & Systems and Networking (VCASAN-2013)

Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1523-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-81-322-1524-0

Copyright Year: 2013

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1524-0_22