Performance of Stratum Ventilated Heating for Sleeping Environment

This chapter aims to explore the impact of operational parameters on the heating performance of stratum ventilation in a sleeping environment. Validated Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations are employed to comprehensively assess the effects of supply vane angle, supply airflow rate, supply air temperature, and outdoor weather conditions. The chapter considers various performance parameters, including operative temperature, local partial thermal sensation, local mean age of air, air change efficiency, and energy utilization coefficient. The results demonstrate that stratum ventilation effectively achieves a temperature distribution that meets the local thermal requirements of occupants in the sleeping environment, with a warmer head zone compared to the body zone. Additionally, stratum ventilation performs favorably in terms of indoor air quality and energy utilization efficiency. The maximum bed zone air change efficiency reaches 0.80, and the maximum room zone air change efficiency reaches 0.57, surpassing the values found in conventional uniform environments (i.e., 0.5). Furthermore, the maximum energy utilization coefficient of stratum ventilation reaches 1.45, surpassing the energy utilization coefficient of the conventional uniform environment (i.e., 1.0). To optimize the implementation of stratum ventilated heating, this chapter identifies the optimal supply airflow rate, supply vane angle, and supply air temperature, considering factors such as thermal comfort, indoor air quality, and energy utilization efficiency.