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Population and Environment
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01-06-2023

Population and environment: the evolution of the debate between optimists and pessimists

Author: John Bongaarts

Published in: Population and Environment | Issue 2/2023

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Abstract

The article delves into the historical evolution of the debate surrounding population growth and its impact on human welfare and the environment. It begins with the Malthusian concerns of the mid-20th century, where rapid population growth in less developed countries was seen as a significant threat. The discussion then shifts to the 1980s and 1990s, a period marked by growing optimism due to fertility declines and improved global food security. However, the turn of the century saw a resurgence of pessimism, driven by concerns about climate change, rapid urbanization, and the potential obstacles to sustainable development. The article also explores the policy responses to these evolving perspectives, from family planning programs to the contemporary challenges of addressing climate change and ensuring equitable development.
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previous article Has the world survived the population bomb? A 10-year update

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Metadata
Title
Population and environment: the evolution of the debate between optimists and pessimists
Author
John Bongaarts
Publication date
01-06-2023
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Population and Environment / Issue 2/2023
Print ISSN: 0199-0039
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7810
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-023-00424-5

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