6. Power Flow in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Battery Electric Vehicles

Pure electric vehicles and vehicles driven with the combination of both internal combustion engines and electric motors and called hybrid electric vehicles were developed in the past with varying structural design and mechanical aspects. Also, there have been huge varieties of electrical side components of such vehicles like electric motors, power electronic converters, batteries, control systems, etc. Hybrid electric vehicles have gained a lot of attention due to their efficiency and flexibility in various modes of operation. To understand the strength of both the hybrid electric vehicle and the battery electric vehicles, it is important to understand the structural configurations of its variations and also the power flow in different modes of operation. In this chapter, a brief overview of different types of hybrid–electric and battery electric vehicles is discussed. The power flow in different modes of operations of all these vehicle types is discussed in detail with the power flow indicated in the schematic diagrams for various modes of power flow operations. The power flow control in all the modes is important to be understood to effectively design the EV system by suitably selecting all the sub-components required.