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2018 | Book

Power System Operations

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About this book

This textbook provides a detailed description of operation problems in power systems, including power system modeling, power system steady-state operations, power system state estimation, and electricity markets. The book provides an appropriate blend of theoretical background and practical applications, which are developed as working algorithms, coded in Octave (or Matlab) and GAMS environments. This feature strengthens the usefulness of the book for both students and practitioners. Students will gain an insightful understanding of current power system operation problems in engineering, including: (i) the formulation of decision-making models, (ii) the familiarization with efficient solution algorithms for such models, and (iii) insights into these problems through the detailed analysis of numerous illustrative examples. The authors use a modern, “building-block” approach to solving complex problems, making the topic accessible to students with limited background in power systems. Solved examples are used to introduce new concepts and each chapter ends with a set of exercises.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Power Systems
Abstract
This introductory chapter provides an overview (1) of the physical, economic, and regulatory layers of power systems; (2) of how such systems are operated; and (3) of power markets, which constitute the prevalent paradigm of power system management.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 2. Power System Fundamentals: Balanced Three-Phase Circuits
Abstract
This chapter reviews the fundamentals of balanced three-phase alternating current (ac) circuits. First, we define positive and negative balanced three-phase sequences. Second, we analyze balanced three-phase voltages and currents. Third, the different types of power are defined and measurements techniques for power are briefly reviewed. Fourth, we provide an overview of the analysis of balanced three-phase circuits using the per-unit system.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 3. Power System Components: Models
Abstract
This chapter describes models for the most common components of power systems and shows how these components work in balanced steady-state operation. Components described include generators and motors, power transformers, electrical lines, and loads. We first describe the corresponding three-phase models and, then, the equivalent single-phase models. We include a number of illustrative examples that allow comprehending the concepts addressed in this chapter.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 4. Power Flow
Abstract
This chapter addresses the power flow problem, including its formulation, its solution, and its analysis in specific cases. The solution of the power flow problem provides a snapshot of the power system under analysis, which can then be utilized to assess the health of its operation state. The power flow is a fundamental tool in any power system control center.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 5. Power System State Estimation
Abstract
Electric power systems span over countries and continents to deliver electric energy to almost every industry, business, and home. To accomplish this with high reliability, it is necessary to know the state of the power system, i.e., its voltage profile throughout the power network. In this context, the state estimation problem aims at identifying the most likely state of a power system by considering a large-enough number of redundant measurements.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 6. Optimal Power Flow
Abstract
This chapter describes the optimal power flow problem. The objective of this problem is to find out the active and reactive power dispatch (output) of every generating unit in a power system that is needed to supply all loads at minimum cost, while satisfying network and technical constraints. Particularly, voltage magnitudes throughout the network should be at acceptable levels, and transmission-capacity limits of all transmission lines should be satisfied. Objectives other than minimum generation cost are also common.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 7. Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatch
Abstract
This chapter describes and formulates three important problems for the economic management of power systems, namely, the Unit Commitment (UC), the Economic Dispatch (ED), and the Network Constrained Unit Commitment (NCUC) problems. The UC problem determines the commitment of generating units with the aim of minimizing operating costs while supplying the demand and meeting technical and security constraints. Then, once the commitment of generating units is decided, the ED problem determines the actual power output of each generating unit that is needed to supply all demands at minimum cost, while complying with the technical constraints of the transmission network. Finally, if both the commitment of generating units and transmission constraints are considered simultaneously, the resulting problem is known as the NCUC problem. These three problems are mostly considered in electricity markets throughout the US.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Chapter 8. Self-Scheduling and Market Clearing Auction
Abstract
This chapter describes two relevant problems for the economic management of power systems, namely, i) the self-scheduling problem of an electricity producer that owns several electricity generating units and use them to sell energy in an electricity market pursuing maximum profit and ii) the market clearing auction to be used by a market operator to clear the electricity market.
Antonio J. Conejo, Luis Baringo
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Power System Operations
Authors
Prof. Antonio J. Conejo
Dr. Luis Baringo
Copyright Year
2018
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-69407-8
Print ISBN
978-3-319-69406-1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69407-8