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Cellulose
Published in: Cellulose 1/2014

01-02-2014 | Original Paper

Preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose via low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis

Authors: Yanjun Tang, Shujie Yang, Nan Zhang, Junhua Zhang

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was extracted from microcrystalline cellulose via low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis process. NCC samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution (PSD) analysis, Fourier-transformed infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and rheological measurement. It was found that NCC yield reached 40.4 % under the optimum process of low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis, while it was only 33.0 % in the absence of ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, the results showed that the two NCC samples obtained from ultrasonic-assisted hydrolysis and conventional hydrolysis were very similar in morphology, both exhibiting rod-like structures with widths and lengths of 10–20 and 50–150 nm, respectively. XRD result revealed that the NCC sample from ultrasonic-assisted hydrolysis contained a small amount of cellulose II and possessed a Segal Crystallinity Index of 90.38 % and a crystallite size of 58.99 Å, higher than those of the NCC sample from conventional hydrolysis. Moreover, PSD analysis demonstrated that the former exhibited a smaller value in average particle size than the latter. In addition, rheological measurements showed that the NCC suspensions from the ultrasonic-assisted process exhibited a lower viscosity over the range of shear rate from 0.1 to 100 s−1 in comparison with that prepared in the absence of ultrasonic treatment.
previous article Highly ductile fibres and sheets by core-shell structuring of the cellulose nanofibrils
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Metadata
Title
Preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose via low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis
Authors
Yanjun Tang
Shujie Yang
Nan Zhang
Junhua Zhang
Publication date
01-02-2014
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cellulose / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0158-2

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