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Published in:
16-06-2017
Preparation, characterization, and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12-related (Na1/3Ca1/3Y1/3)Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics using a simple sol–gel method
Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Issue 19/2017
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Abstract
(Na1/3Ca1/3Y1/3)Cu3Ti4O12 nanoparticles with sizes of about 100–200 nm are successfully prepared using simple sol– gel method. The main phase of (Na1/3Ca1/3Y1/3)Cu3Ti4O12 is obtained in both powders and sintered ceramics. Microstructural analysis confirms the presence of Na, Ca, Y, Cu, Ti, and O and these elements are well dispersed in the microstructure. The average grain size of (Na1/3Ca1/3Y1/3)Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics significantly increases with increasing sintering times. High dielectric permittivity and low loss tangent values of about 2.52 × 104 and 0.034 (at 1 kHz), respectively, are achieved. (Na1/3Ca1/3Y1/3)Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics can exhibit non-Ohmic properties with a breakdown electric field and nonlinear coefficient of ≈5.2 × 103 V/cm and 7.91, respectively. Investigation of the DC bias dependence of the electric responses confirms that the giant dielectric properties originate from the internal barrier layer capacitance effect. The presence of Cu+, Cu3+, and Ti3+ ions is confirmed and suggested to have an influence on conduction in semiconducting grains.