Preparation of ammonium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate and characterization of durable flame-retardant cotton

The article presents a novel approach to enhancing the flame retardancy of cotton fabrics through the synthesis and application of ammonium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate (AEDTMP). The study begins with a detailed synthesis process of AEDTMP, involving a three-step reaction using ethylenediamine, formaldehyde, phosphorous acid, and ammonia. The characterization of AEDTMP is thoroughly conducted using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The article then explores the application of AEDTMP in creating flame-retardant cotton fabrics, utilizing trimethylol melamine (TMM) as a chemical binder. The multilayer coating method is highlighted as a key innovation, significantly improving the durability and flame retardancy of the treated fabrics. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through various tests, including vertical flame tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the multilayer coating technique enhances the binding reactions, forming a crosslinking network that improves the fabric's resistance to washing and combustion. The article concludes with a discussion on the mechanical properties of the treated fabrics, indicating that the multilayer coating has minimal impact on the comfort and air permeability of the cotton fabrics. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the synthesis, characterization, and application of AEDTMP in creating durable flame-retardant cotton fabrics, offering valuable insights for further research and industrial applications.