Proceedings of the International Congress of Industrial Engineering (ICIE2019)

In Colombia, more than 900 million Tetra Pak packages are consumed in every year. The area with the highest consumption is the coffee axis, where there is neither a system of large-scale use of this waste nor a culture of separation at the source by the generator. It was found that educational institutions are large generators for this waste. The main project goal is characterizing the Tetra Pak consumption and determine the logistics network actors for the municipality of Armenia. The results show that principal actors are the load generator, the producer, the marketer (wholesaler and retailer), the delivery points, collection and classification centers, as well as recovery companies and companies with potential for use. Through a bibliographic review of 61 articles, the barriers faced by the proposed stakeholders were detected: delay and variability in returns, losses in quality, lack of strategic planning, etc.

The aim is to know what is the current status of the optimization of production and logistics processes in medium-sized companies in the main economic sectors of the Metropolitan Area. As a result, the potential of the university-company relationship will be enhanced, based on the diagnosis made, to identify which are the main variables to be measured in terms of the optimization of processes by the economic sectors with the greatest potential in the Metropolitan Area, in terms of competitiveness, incursion of professionals in the field, economic contribution to the region, dynamics and tendency. It will be from this that a scenario of what the labor competencies are and, within them, the academic competencies that are indispensable for the careers in the disciplines of productivity and logistics for their curricular content.

The quantity and constant flow of material, financial, technological, information resources and diverse interests of stakeholders make the management of supply chains more complex, so that the inclusion of the principles of Sustainable Development together with the management of the volume of knowledge that flows along the supply chain represent a real challenge; even more so, when it must be demonstrated that the effort employed in the practices of knowledge management and sustainability are reflected in economic, environmental and social performance. Therefore, the following questions arise: What is the outcome of sustainability and knowledge management practices in economic, environmental and social performance? How are knowledge management and sustainability management constructs related in the industrial manufacturing context? What aspects should organizations strengthen to achieve sustainability in all its dimensions? The research made it possible to identify some aspects of knowledge management that need to be strengthened in order to achieve the objectives of sustainable development, the exposition of current practices in matters of economic, environmental and social sustainability, and the dimensions of sustainable performance that are most impacted were identified.

The Lean Six Sigma process improvement model developed for the hotel and tourism sector involves, in addition to new industrial engineering tools applied in a timely manner to a key internal process, provides the entrepreneur with a holistic view of the supply chain in which their business is framed. Based on the review of Lean Six Sigma literature, as well as the concepts of Integration and Enterprise Architecture, a new Six Sigma model is proposed; it incorporates a Canvas Business Model and Process Modeling concepts. These provided a broader picture regarding Intra and Inter-company operations and provided the respective opportunities for improvement that will be considered later in the project’s progress.

One of the main bases that protect green logistics is the opportunity to continue producing through conservation, which translates as the generation of self-sufficient. The main objective is to reduce the environmental impact in transport activities, and a different approach to the life cycle of the product. This paper show the evaluation of final disposal strategies for tires used in a sector of Barranquilla, Colombia, performing an analysis of the current state and seeking to reduce the environmental impact through techniques such as recycling and reuse, designing a green supply chain by means of multi-objective mathematical models that optimize the profitability and cost of network design and CO₂ environmental emission.

The main topic of this research is lean thinking for sustainability and continuous improvement of a professional education program in a Colombian institution. The research objective was to replicate the models found on literature and to develop new one. The models are based on experiences of universities outside country. The contribution of this research was an innovation on the management of the institution.

Recently composite materials reinforced with natural fibers have taken great attention due to their technical, economic characteristics and low impact on the environment, becoming attractive elements to be used in industrial applications. One of the fibers used for this purpose has been the fique fiber, making different laminated composites, however, they are not reported in the literature manufacturing tubular parts with this fiber type. For this reason, in this investigation was manufactured a tubular piece with bio-composite material reinforced with fique fiber using filament wilding technique, characterizing mechanically and morphologically to know its behavior which allows determine future possible applications. The material was manufactured with continuous fique fibers and a polyester resin; morphology was known through scanning electron microscopy and mechanical behavior was evaluated by compression compared to conventional PVC tube in a universal machine. The results showed that the biocomposite exhibits lower mechanical behavior compared to PVC and poor adhesion between the matrix and the fiber.

Globalization and technological development have imposed a great challenge in the search for business competitiveness. This research studies the business, competitive or generic strategies that favored or disadvantaged the achievement of a sustained competitive advantage in the period 2013 to 2015 in medium and large companies of the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area (AMB), for which we worked with a sample of 213 of the 685 companies under study, for a margin of error of 5% and a confidence level of 90%. To select the companies that achieved a sustained competitive advantage, those that exceeded the Dupont profitability of their respective national economic subsector in the three years of study were identified. The test of difference of proportions using the t-student distribution with the Minitab-v17® software, allows to conclude at 10% of significance that implementing the differentiation and approach or niche business strategies favored the achievement of a sustained competitive advantage in the companies and period under study. These results allow efforts to be focused by the local government and the business sector towards the improvement of regional competitiveness.

The present article proposes the development of a study of projective scope that had as its purpose to formulate a proposal of preventive measures, starting from the identification of the main ergonomic risk factors present in the workplaces of the secretaries of the School of Engineering of the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana - Bucaramanga, in 2017. For this purpose, the population was censused with the Questionnaire for the Risk Factor Identification in Workplaces of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC - Spain. The results obtained were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Subsequently, they were related to ergonomic measurements taken in the second half of 2016 with the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method and instruments of this discipline. The main risk factors found were annoying reflexes and glare; repetitive movements of arms, hands and wrists; discomfort of chairs; frequent discomfort in the eyes and back; and sedentary work. Lastly, pathologies were associated to each factor, for which the proposal of preventive measures was made.

The purpose of this study is to review the literature on possible ergonomic methods to evaluate in a service station, this methods are known as the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and the Nordic Questionnaire, which were determined given that they recognize musculoskeletal disorders and corporal affectations in all the limbs of the worker. In this sense, a bibliometric and systematic analysis of the literature was carried out where the study variables, most representative authors, frequency of key words and geographic concentration were determined.

The promotion of actions aimed at different focuses that generally seek to contribute to a society and a better environment has been recognized as Corporate Social Responsibility. Since its inception, practical approaches to its application have been recognized in commercial, industrial, public, private organizations, among others. However, the information provided on the application of social responsibility in military institutions is scarce, specifically those belonging to Colombia, so this article will do a literature review, organization, analysis and subsequent consolidation of viable proposals for implementation in the Colombian Military Forces. After conducting the literature review, it was found that various Ministries of Defense of countries such as Spain, Chile, and the United States, among others, recognizes similar commitments in their Social Responsibility reports such as gender equality, environmental approaches that seek to reduce consumption through management system, accessibility for the disabled, prevention philosophies, family-work relationship, among others, of which (after realizing an organization and analysis of the information) three proposals are made focused on the environmental vision, the equity of gender and the humanitarian missions, that could be implemented in the Colombian Military Forces.

Direct Selling Industry reports billions on sales in Colombia and all around the globe. It is unique among retail channels because instead of relying on traditional marketplaces, direct selling companies maintain salesforces of millions of independent consultants who make direct contact with each of their clients. Direct selling companies, like most others, need to make good projections of their demand at the stock keeping unit level to properly manage their inventory. However, the literature has ignored them, so as of today there are no solutions focused on the singularity of the business. This means companies are forecasting through empirical methods. Our ongoing research seeks to recognize the main obstacles that the sector faces and to find strategies that have been proposed for other industries and could be adapted to improve prediction accuracy.

Nowadays ergonomics is very important to study the relationship that the employee has with the workplace, because it depends on a healthy environment avoiding discomfort and diseases, mainly generated by incorrect posture, affecting the employee’s quality of life and organizational productivity. Thus, this research aims to analyze the different aspects that influence working conditions by applying an ergonomic checklist of 128 factors grouped into 10 areas to a gas station, in conjunction with the use and development of Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) methods, Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and the Nordic questionnaire, these being observational procedures on the different positions adopted by the worker, in order to select practical solutions to problems or specific risk agents becoming corrective actions that help improve the workplace.

The strategic decision processes allow companies to evaluate different alternatives of strategies to implement to achieve a competitive advantage, based on internal and external conditions to the organization. The present study sought to identify the methods and tools to support the strategic decision processes with greater dissemination and assessment among the large companies of the Metropolitan Area of Bucaramanga (Colombia) between 2013 and 2017, for which a bibliographic review was carried out in the Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases and 58 companies were surveyed, out of a population of 186, managing to exceed the sample for a margin of error of 10% and a confidence level of 90%. The study allowed to identify 35 methods and tools to support the strategic decision processes widely disclosed in the literature, of which 5 adopted by 50% or more of the companies studied are detected, evidencing a lag in the adoption of novel methods and tools. Likewise, the 4 most valued methods and tools were identified for their contribution to the strategic decision processes and the 5 with the greatest dissemination and assessment among the companies studied. The results of the study allow the academy to reflect on the updating of their curricula around the subject and the business sector to identify opportunities to use innovative methods and tools valued for their contribution to strategic decision-making processes.

In the constant growth of the floricultural industry in Colombia, the continuous improvement of processes requires the implementation of new models and technologies that allow to keep this market efficient and sustainable Therefore, Business Process Management (BPM) has proven to be appropriate for increasing the performance and competitiveness in the main processes of an organization. The life cycle was applied to the post-harvest process, considering that the scope of this study reaches the proposal of redesign and improvement proposals, showing that this study is valuable, since in general the flower growing companies have the same problems and disadvantages. Finally, this article presents improvements that can be used by companies in this sector.

This research work evaluates the management of port logistics, the storage process in miscellaneous warehouses, focusing on network operational analysis (PERT) and its reliability (Reliability), determining from a statistical point of view a model of linear fit by least squares between the waste derived from the real process and a functionally simulated model (black box model) Aigües et al. (2014). The project is based on a descriptive quantitative type of methodology where the probability of the internal process in the winery and the planning/execution of the process is shown, versus variables such as expertise, routine and even the influence of stress due to fiscal and/or mental fatigue as a consequence of port logistics tasks. At the end of the work, a working model based on the handling of these variables is proposed in order to improve the availability of the operative resource and even the response rate from the levels of execution of the tasks.

The management of perishable products in the supply chain is taking on worldwide relevance due to the shortage of food that will be presented due to the increase in the world’s population. The bullwhip effect is one of the justifications by which the level of inventories in the chain is increased and therefore also the waste of products. The present research seeks to know the reasons why this phenomenon occurs and the solutions that have been generated so far.

The global environment enhances new opportunities for countries creating a broader framework in terms of economy, trade, social development, technologies and knowledge. In that way, enterprises have challenges not only for domestic markets but also for their insertion through international markets, where competitiveness is crucial. Therefore, it couldn’t be understood as an individual effort from organizations. But rather as the capacity to generate integration of supply chains from the local and global environment, creating, strengthening and consolidating global value networks.

This is where the flow of cargo and land transport in Colombia from 2001 to 2017 is characterized. Logistic curve fitting and Gompertz models are used. Simultaneous cyclic behaviors are identified using wavelet models. Limits were found to the growth of 4 of the 6 modes of transport.

This text identifies the quarterly evolution between bank activity and terrestrial transport inside Colombia since 2005 to 2016. To find causality direction their importance we use the Wavelet Graphic techniques.