Top

Published in:

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Reconciling and Using Historical Person Registers as Linked Open Data in the AcademySampo Portal and Data Service

Authors : Petri Leskinen, Eero Hyvönen

Published in: The Semantic Web – ISWC 2021

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

This paper presents a method for extracting and reassembling a genealogical network automatically from a biographical register of historical people. The method is applied to a dataset of short textual biographies about all 28 000 Finnish and Swedish academic people educated in 1640–1899 in Finland. The aim is to connect and disambiguate the relatives mentioned in the biographies in order to build a continuous, genealogical network, which can be used in Digital Humanities for data and network analysis of historical academic people and their lives. An artificial neural network approach is presented for solving a supervised learning task to disambiguate relatives mentioned in the register descriptions using basic biographical information enhanced with an ontology of vocations and additional occasionally sparse genealogical information. Evaluation results of the record linkage are promising and provide novel insights into the problem of historical people register reconciliation. The outcome of the work has been used in practise as part of the in-use AcademySampo portal and linked open data service, a new member in the Sampo series of cultural heritage applications for Digital Humanities.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter On Constructing Enterprise Knowledge Graphs Under Quality and Availability Constraints

The portal and its linked open data service, including a SPARQL endpoint, was released on February 5, 2021. More information about AcademySampo can be found on the project homepage: https://seco.cs.aalto.fi/projects/yo-matrikkelit/.

Cf. the project homepage https://iisg.amsterdam/en/hsn/projects/links and research papers at https://iisg.amsterdam/en/hsn/projects/links/links-publications.

http://www.sixdegreesoffrancisbacon.com.

https://ylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi.

https://ylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi/1853-1899.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Helsinki.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Turku.

This statistical result was obtained after we used the reconciled data in AcademySampo for data analysis.

https://ylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi/henkilo.php?id=14689.

https://keras.io/api/layers/reshaping_layers/flatten/.

https://keras.io/api/layers/core_layers/dense/.

https://keras.io/api/layers/merging_layers/concatenate/.

https://stanford.edu/~shervine/blog/keras-how-to-generate-data-on-the-fly.

https://api.triplydb.com/s/IE4w29n0T.

https://www.ldf.fi/dataset/yoma.

https://jena.apache.org/documentation/fuseki2/.

https://varnish-cache.org.

https://www.docker.com.

https://yasgui.triply.cc.

https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/intro.ipynb.

https://jupyter.org.

Keras Documentation, Sequence. https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/utils/Sequence. Accessed 10 Dec 2020

Antonie, L., Gadgil, H., Grewal, G., Inwood, K.: Historical data integration, a study of WWI Canadian soldiers. In: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 186–193. IEEE (2016)

Barlaug, N., Gulla, J.A.: Neural networks for entity matching. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.11075 (2020)

ter Braake, S., Anstke Fokkens, R.S., Declerck, T., Wandl-Vogt, E. (eds.): BD2015, Biographical Data in a Digital World 2015. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 1399 (2015). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1272/

Brownlee, J.: Machine Learning Mastery: How to Develop a Cost-Sensitive Neural Network for Imbalanced Classification. https://machinelearningmastery.com/cost-sensitive-neural-network-for-imbalanced-classification/. Accessed 10 Dec 2020

Chollet, F.: Keras, The Functional API. https://keras.io/guides/functional_api/. Accessed 10 Dec 2020

Christen, P.: Data Matching: Concepts and Techniques for Record Linkage, Entity Resolution, and Duplicate Detection. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31164-2CrossRef

Cunningham, A.: After “it’s over over there’’: using record linkage to enable the reconstruction of World War I veterans’ demography from soldiers’ experiences to civilian populations. Historical Methods: J. Quant. Interdisc. Hist. 51, 1–27 (2018)CrossRef

Fawcett, T.: An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 27(8), 861–874 (2006)MathSciNetCrossRef

10.

Fokkens, A., et al.: BiographyNet: extracting relations between people and events. In: Europa baut auf Biographien, pp. 193–224. New Academic Press, Wien (2017)

11.

Fokkens, A., ter Braake, S., Sluijter, R., Arthur, P., Wandl-Vogt, E. (eds.): BD2017 Biographical Data in a Digital World 2015. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 1399 (2017). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2119/

12.

Gangemi, A., Presutti, V., Recupero, D.R., Nuzzolese, A.G., Draicchio, F., Mongiovì, M.: Semantic web machine reading with FRED. Semantic Web 8, 873–893 (2017)CrossRef

13.

Gu, L., Baxter, R., Vickers, D., Rainsford, C.: Record linkage: current practice and future directions. CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences (2003). cMIS Technical Report No. 03/83

14.

Heino, E., et al.: Named entity linking in a complex domain: case second world war history. In: Gracia, J., Bond, F., McCrae, J.P., Buitelaar, P., Chiarcos, C., Hellmann, S. (eds.) LDK 2017. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 10318, pp. 120–133. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59888-8_10CrossRef

15.

Hyvönen, E., et al.: BiographySampo – publishing and enriching biographies on the semantic web for digital humanities research. In: Hitzler, P., et al. (eds.) ESWC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11503, pp. 574–589. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21348-0_37CrossRef

16.

Hyvönen, E., Tuominen, J., Alonen, M., Mäkelä, E.: Linked data Finland: a 7-star model and platform for publishing and re-using linked datasets. In: Presutti, V., Blomqvist, E., Troncy, R., Sack, H., Papadakis, I., Tordai, A. (eds.) ESWC 2014. LNCS, vol. 8798, pp. 226–230. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11955-7_24CrossRef

17.

Hyvönen, E., Leskinen, P., Rantala, H., Ikkala, E., Tuominen, J.: Akatemiasampo-portaali ja -datapalvelu henkilöiden ja henkilöryhmien historialliseen tutkimukseen (academysampo portal and data service for biographical and prosopographical research). Informaatiotutkimus (2021, in press). https://seco.cs.aalto.fi/publications/2021/hyvonen-et-al-akatemiasampo-2021.pdf

18.

Ikkala, E., Hyvönen, E., Rantala, H., Koho, M.: Sampo-UI: A full stack JavaScript framework for developing semantic portal user interfaces. Semantic Web (2021, accepted). http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/

19.

Ivie, S., Pixton, B., Giraud-Carrier, C.: Metric-based data mining model for genealogical record linkage. In: 2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration, pp. 538–543. IEEE (2007)

20.

Koho, M., Gasbarra, L., Tuominen, J., Rantala, H., Jokipii, I., Hyvönen, E.: AMMO ontology of Finnish historical occupations. In: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Open Data and Ontologies for Cultural Heritage (ODOCH 2019), vol. 2375, pp. 91–96. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, June 2019. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2375/

21.

Koho, M., Leskinen, P., Hyvönen, E.: Integrating historical person registers as linked open data in the WarSampo knowledge graph. In: Blomqvist, E., et al. (eds.) SEMANTICS 2020. LNCS, vol. 12378, pp. 118–126. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59833-4_8CrossRef

22.

Langmead, A., Otis, J., Warren, C., Weingart, S., Zilinski, L.: Towards interoperable network ontologies for the digital humanities. Int. J. Humanit. Arts Comput. 10(1), 22–35 (2016)CrossRef

23.

Larson, R.: Bringing lives to light: biography in context. Final Project Report, University of Berkeley (2010). http://metadata.berkeley.edu/Biography_Final_Report.pdf

24.

Leskinen, P., Hyvönen, E.: Extracting genealogical networks of linked data from biographical texts. In: Hitzler, P., et al. (eds.) ESWC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11762, pp. 121–125. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32327-1_24CrossRef

25.

Leskinen, P., Hyvönen, E.: Linked open data service about historical Finnish academic people in 1640–1899. In: DHN 2020 Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries. Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 5th Conference, vol. 2612, pp. 284–292. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, October 2020. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2612/short14.pdf

26.

Malmi, E., Gionis, A., Solin, A.: Computationally inferred genealogical networks uncover long-term trends in assortative mating. arXiv (2018). arXiv:1802.06055 [cs.SI]

27.

Pixton, B., Giraud-Carrier, C.: Using structured neural networks for record linkage. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Workshop on Technology for Family History and Genealogical Research (2006)

28.

Rietveld, L., Hoekstra, R.: The YASGUI family of SPARQL clients. Semantic Web 8(3), 373–383 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3233/SW-150197CrossRef

29.

Rospocher, M., et al.: Building event-centric knowledge graphs from news. Web Semantics 37, 132–151 (2016)CrossRef

30.

Srivastava, N., Hinton, G., Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Salakhutdinov, R.: Dropout: a simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 15(1), 1929–1958 (2014)MathSciNetMATH

31.

Tan, P.N., Steinbach, M., Kumar, V.: Introduction to data mining, 1st edn (2005)

32.

Thorvaldsen, G., Andersen, T., Sommerseth, H.L.: Record linkage in the historical population register for Norway. In: Bloothooft, G., Christen, P., Mandemakers, K., Schraagen, M. (eds.) Population Reconstruction, pp. 155–171. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19884-2_8CrossRef

33.

Wang, S., Liu, W., Wu, J., Cao, L., Meng, Q., Kennedy, P.J.: Training deep neural networks on imbalanced data sets. In: 2016 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 4368–4374. IEEE (2016)

34.

Warren, C., Shore, D., Otis, J., Wang, L., Finegold, M., Shalizi, C.: Six degrees of Francis Bacon: a statistical method for reconstructing large historical social networks. Digit. Humanit. Q. 10(3) (2016)

35.

Winkler, W.E.: String comparator metrics and enhanced decision rules in the fellegi-sunter model of record linkage (1990)

36.

Winkler, W.E.: Overview of record linkage and current research directions. Technical report, U.S. Census Bureau (2006)

Title: Reconciling and Using Historical Person Registers as Linked Open Data in the AcademySampo Portal and Data Service
Authors: Petri Leskinen
Eero Hyvönen
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: The Semantic Web – ISWC 2021
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-88360-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-88361-4

Copyright Year: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88361-4_42

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partner