Regression and Taguchi Analysis of TiO₂, MnO and CaF₂ on Brinell Hardness Number of Submerged Arc Welding Flux Using Red Mud

The chapter delves into the application of red mud, a waste product from aluminum production, in the development of submerged arc welding flux. By incorporating alloying elements such as TiO2, MnO, and CaF2, the research aims to enhance the mechanical properties of welded materials. The study employs agglomeration techniques to prepare the flux and utilizes bead on plate welding procedures for optimization. Taguchi and regression analysis are employed to evaluate the impact of different flux compositions on the Brinell hardness number (BHN) of the welded materials. The results indicate that TiO2 and MnO are significant contributors to the hardness of the welded materials, while CaF2, despite its substantial contribution, is not significant due to confidence level constraints. The chapter concludes by highlighting the potential of red mud in welding flux development and suggests further characterization studies to fully understand its properties.