Top

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management

Published in:

06-05-2020 | REVIEW

Rethinking sustainability: a review of Liberia’s municipal solid waste management systems, status, and challenges

Authors: Victor Emery David Jr, Yasinta John, Shahid Hussain

Published in: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management | Issue 5/2020

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The appalling state of Liberia’s municipal solid waste management system (MSWM) is the motivation for this review and analysis. Solid waste management protocols and system dynamic modeling support policy development as it uses waste prevention to explain the complex waste management systems and suggests methods for effective management. However, creating an effective waste system goes beyond the formulation of policies and legislation; it involves financial and technological proficiency, skilled human capacity, technical, social, resource recycling, educational awareness programs, and active public participation. Because of urbanization, Liberia’s municipal solid waste (MSW) problems have become heightened, thereby impacting the economic, social, and political fabric of society by overburdening infrastructure and social facilities. The impact of urbanization must be addressed because urbanization, amongst several factors, including unsustainable management of MSW, degrades the environment and presents risks to public health. The purpose of this review was to highlight the current waste management activities in Liberia and provide information to the readers about the challenges facing the waste management sector and the challenges impeding the development of a sustainable waste management system. In Liberia, waste management activities are getting worse daily due to shortage of a comprehensive waste management framework, the absence of guidelines regarding the responsibilities of waste generators, and the decision-makers' lack of intent to design and implement a sustainable and integrated management system. Recommendations for collaborative efforts are made by focusing on delivering a waste strategy which concentrates on waste minimization, recycling, resource recovery, and promoting sustainable waste management practices for communities, small businesses, corporations, and government institutions in Liberia and other developing countries.

next article A review of the biogas digestate in agricultural framework

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Afolabi, O. (2017). Liberia: electoral politics in a volatile region. African Journal of Public Affairs, 95–105

LISGIS, (2014) Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services (LISGIS) Monrovia, Liberia-Household income and Expenditure survey

Akram K et al (2010) Solid waste characterization, quantification and management practices in developing countries. A case study: Nablus district-Palestine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.01.003CrossRef

Alfaia & Campos JC (2017) Municipal solid waste in Brazil: A review. Waste Manage Res 35:1195–1209CrossRef

Adedipe NO (2002) The challenge of urban solid waste management in Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa

The World Bank Report (2019) Liberia Government Constraints to Service Delivery- Solid Waste Management- 2019

The Statistical Portal (2017) Liberia Urbanization from 2007–2017

Dangi and Boland (2017) Assessment of environmental policy implementation in solid waste management in Kathmandu. Nepal Waste Manag Res 35:618–626. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X17699683CrossRef

Szu-Chich & Chung-Min Liao (2006) Health risk assessment on human exposed to environmental Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution sources”. Sci Total Environ 366(2006):112

10.

Environmental Management Plan Final Report-World Bank, (2003).

11.

Dladla FM, Shale K (2016) A review of factors associated with indiscriminate dumping of waste in eleven African countries. African J Sci Technol Innov Develop 8(5–6):475–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2016.1224613CrossRef

12.

Environmental Protection Agency-EPA (2003) An Act Creating the Environmental Protection Agency of Liberia- April 30, 2003

13.

Bras AB (2009) Problems and current practices of solid waste management in Port-au-Prince (Haiti). Waste Manag. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2009.07.015CrossRef

14.

Challenges of domestic solid waste management: a case study of Lobatse Botswana (2014) https://doi.org/10.1080/19376812.2015.1099451

15.

David Jr Victor E. John Y, Wenchao J (2019) Solid waste management in Monrovia, Liberia: Implications for sustainable development. J Solid Waste Technol Manag 45(1):102–110(9) 10.5276/JSWTM.2019.102

16.

David Jr Victor E. Wenchao J, Mmereki D (2020) Household Solid Waste Management in Liberia: Influencing factors, Characteristics and Management Solutions. J Solid Waste Technol Manag 10.5276/JSWTM/2020.77

17.

EMUS (2017) Emergency Monrovia Urban Sanitation Project, Liberia.

18.

Eurostat (2013) Waste introduction. https://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/waste/introduction

19.

Wingqvist ŐG, Slunge S (2013) Governance bottlenecks and policy options for sustainable materials management – A discussion paper. United Nations Development Progamme and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/ publikationer6400/978–91–620–8688–6.pdf

20.

Wilson DC, Araba AO, Chinwah K, Cheeseman CR (2009) Building recycling rates through the informal sector. Waste Manag 29(2):629–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.06.016CrossRef

21.

Wilson, David & Velis, Costas & Rodic-Wiersma, Ljiljana (2013) Integrated sustainable waste management in developing countries

22.

UNDP (2006) United Nations Development Programme- State of the Environment (SOE) Report. Monrovia, Liberia: UNDP. Retrieved February 22, 2019 from https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/ncsadocuments/State_of_the_environment_report_final.pdf

23.

United Nations Environment Programme - UNEP (2007) Assessment of Solid Waste Management in Liberia

24.

Mmereki D (2018) Current status of waste management in Botswana: A mini-review. Waste Manage Res. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X18772097CrossRef

25.

Besen GR, Fracalanza AP (2016) Challenges for the sustainable management of municipal solid waste in Brazil. Plann Rev 52(45):52

26.

Wilson STK et al. (2017) The mining sector of Liberia: Current practices and environmental challenges

27.

McAuslan Patrick, (2011) Urban Planning Law of Liberia: The case for a transformational approach.

28.

Water and Sanitation Standards in Humanitarian Action (2016) 10.5505/1304.7361.2015.48753

29.

Godfrey L, Strydom W. Phukubye R (2016) Integrating the informal sector into the South African waste and recycling economy in the context of Extended Producer Responsibility. CSIR Briefing Note

30.

Guerrero LA, Ger Maas G, Hogland W (2013) Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries – Review. Waste Manage 33:220–232CrossRef

31.

Joint Monitoring Programme JMP (2017) Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene: 2017 update and SDG baselines, Liberia

32.

Gu B, Fujiwara T, Jia R et al (2017) Methodological aspects of modeling household solid waste generation in Japan: Evidence from Okayama and Otsu cities. Waste Manage Res 35:1237–1246CrossRef

33.

Johannessen, L.M. and Boyer, G. (1999). Observations of solid waste landfills in developing countries: Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Urban and Local Government working paper series, No. 19727. Washington, D.C.; The World Bank. https://documents.worldbank.org/curated/ en/393531468741627673/Observations-of-solid-wastelandfills-in-developing-countries-Africa-Asia-and-Latin America

34.

Liberia Water and Sanitation Sector Portal! https://wash-liberia.org/

35.

David VE et al (2016) Healthcare waste management practices in Liberia: In investigative case study. Int J Waste Res. https://doi.org/10.4172/2252-5211.1000235CrossRef

36.

The Public Health Law, March (1975) Republic of Liberia

37.

Kumar S, Bhattacharyya JK, Vaidya AN et al (2009) Assessment of the status of municipal solid waste management in metro cities, state capitals, class I cities, and class II towns in India: An insight. Waste Manage 29:883–895CrossRef

38.

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare-Liberia www.mohsw.gov.lr

39.

Environment and Social Management Framework ESMF (2009) liberiamohsw.org/MOH

40.

Jerie S (2011) Gender and solid waste management in the informal sector of Bulawayo. Zimbabwe The Dyke 5(1):46–64

41.

Abdoli et al (2016) Integrated Solid Waste management in Megacities. https://doi.org/10.7508/gjesm.2016.03.008CrossRef

42.

Mmereki D, Baldwin A, Li B (2016) A comparative analysis of solid waste management in developed, developing and lesser developed countries. Environm Technol Rev. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2016.1259357CrossRef

43.

Rachael E. M. et al. (2013). Systems approaches to integrated solid wastes management in developing countries

44.

NSWMP (2011). National Solid Waste Management: Egypt

45.

Burton I, Kates R, White G (1993) The environment as hazard. Guilford Press. Retrieved March 22, 2019

46.

Ramatta et al (2014) Domestic waste disposal practice and perceptions of private sector waste management in urban Accra

47.

Malinauskaite J, Jouhara H, Czajczynska D et al (2017) Municipal solid waste management and waste-to-energy in the context of a circular economy and energy recycling in Europe. Energy 141:2013–2044CrossRef

48.

The role of waste-to-energy in the circular economy (2017) https://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/waste-to-energy.pdf

49.

de Bercegol R et al (2017) Waste Municipal Service and Informal Recycling Sector in Fast-Growing Asian Cities: Co-Existence, Opposition or Integration? MDPI Resources 6:70CrossRef

50.

The World Bank IBRD (2019) IBRD-IDA Solid Waste Management

51.

The World Bank IBRD (2017) -IDA Solid Waste Management

52.

The World Bank (2018) IBRD-IDA Solid Waste Management. An updated look into the future of solid waste management www.worldbank.org/en/topic/urbandevelopment/bried/solid-waste-management

53.

Udoakah YA (2013) A sustainable approach to municipal solid waste management in southern Nigeria. 2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) (pp. 321–325) IEEE. Retrieved 25 Feb 2019

54.

Ranganai RT et al (2004) Geophysical mapping of bedrock structure and leachate plumes at the Gaborone landfill, Botswana

55.

Friedrich E, Trois C (2013) Quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from waste management processes for municipalities – A comparative review focusing on Africa. Waste Manage 31:1585–1596CrossRef

56.

Heavy Metals Toxicity and the Environment 10.1007/978–3–7643–8340–4_6

57.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Progress Cleaning the Air and Improving People's Health https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/progress-cleaning-air-and-improving-peoples-health

58.

David C Wilson, Ljiljana Rodic, Anne Scheinberg, Costas A Velis and Alabaster (2012) Comparative analysis of solid waste management in 20 cities

59.

A Review of Landfill Gas Generation and Utilization in Africa (2018) 10.2174/1876325101810010001

60.

GIZ (2014) Operator Models. Respecting Diversity: Concepts for Sustainable Waste Management. Deutsche Gesellschaftfür Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn (Germany). https://www.giz.de/en/ downloads/giz2013-swm-operator-models-sourcebook-en. Pdf

61.

Mpofu TPZ (2013) Urbanization and urban environmental challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa. Res J Agricul Environ Manag 2(6):127–134

62.

Mukhtar EM, Williams ID, Shaw PJ (2017) Visible and invisible factors of solid waste management in developing countries. 16th International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, Cagliari, Italy, 2–6 Oct 2017. Sardinia: CISA, pp. 1–9

63.

Kayizzi-Mugerwa S, Shimeles A, Yaméogo ND (2014) Urbanization and Socio-economic Development in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. Routledge African studies series; 16. New York; Routledge

64.

Imam et al (2008) Solid Waste Manag Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.01.006CrossRef

65.

Onibokun AG, Kumuyi AJ (1999) Governance and Waste Management in Africa. In: Onibokun AG (Ed) Managing the Monster: Urban Waste Governance in Africa

66.

Ma J, Hipel KW (2016) Exploring social dimensions of municipal solid waste management around the globe – A systematic literature review. Waste Manage. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.06.041CrossRef

67.

Japan Environmental Sanitation (2012) Center Solid Waste Management and Recycling Technology of Japan–Toward a Sustainable Society https://www.jesco.or.jp/

68.

Zohoori M, Ghani A (2017) Municipal Solid Waste Management Challenges and Problems for Cities in Low-Income and Developing Countries

69.

Hussein IA, Mansour MSM (2018) Solid waste issue: Sources, composition, disposal, recycling, and valorization

70.

McAllister, Jessica, "Factors Influencing Solid-Waste Management in the Developing World" (2015). All Graduate Plan B and other Reports. 528. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports/528

71.

Urbanization in Liberia 2018 https://www.statista.com/statistics/455869/urbanization-in-liberia/

72.

The role of solid waste management as a response to urban flood risk in developing countries, a case study analysis (2012) 10.2495/FRIAR120161

73.

Lamond JN (2012) "The role of solid waste management as a response to urban flood risk in developing countries, a case study analysis.". WIT Transactions on Ecology, 159, 193–204. Retrieved March 2019

74.

Kaplan, Zachary A, Kyle, Peter; Shugart, Chris; Moody, Alan (2012) Developing Public-Private Partnerships in Liberia. World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2244 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO

75.

Lino et al (2012) Analysis of the potential of municipal solid waste in Brazil. Environm Develop 4:105–113CrossRef

76.

WASTE, (2017) Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM) - https://wasteportal.net/en/waste-aspects/integrated-sustainable-waste-management-iswm.

77.

A Phased Approach to Project Management Implementation (2010) https://pm-alliance.com/phased-project-management-implementation/.

78.

The sustainability of alliances between stakeholders in waste management- Working paper for UWEP/CWG, 30 May 2000 https://www.gdrc.org/uem/waste/ISWM.pdf.

79.

Miezah K et al (2015) Municipal solid waste characterization and quantification as a measure towards effective waste management in Ghana. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.09.009CrossRef

80.

Hoornweg D, Bhada-Tata P (2012) What a waste: A Global Review of Solid Waste Management. Urban Development Series Knowledge Papers No. 15. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1334852610766/What_a_Waste2012_ Final.pdf.

81.

Bello IA, Ismail MN, Kabbashi NA (2016) Solid Waste Management in Africa: A Review. Int J Waste Res 6(2):1–4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2252-5211.1000216CrossRef

82.

United Nations Environment Program -UNEP (2020) https://www.unenvironment.org/

Title: Rethinking sustainability: a review of Liberia’s municipal solid waste management systems, status, and challenges
Authors: Victor Emery David Jr
Yasinta John
Shahid Hussain
Publication date: 06-05-2020
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 1438-4957
Electronic ISSN: 1611-8227
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01046-x

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 5/2020

Effect of mineral additives and two-stage mixing on the performance of recycled aggregate concrete

Effects of curing time and freeze–thaw cycle on strength of soils with high plasticity stabilized by waste marble powder

Recycled leather cutting waste-based boards: thermal, acoustic, hygrothermal and ignitability properties

Synthesis and thermal decomposition of alkoxy-, hydroxy-derivatives of Sovol polychlorbiphenyls technical mixture

Recycling of phenol from poly (1,4-cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate) using subcritical water from 260 to 340 °C

Performance study of a bio-trickling filter to remove high hydrogen sulfide concentration from biogas: a pilot-scale experiment