Revolutions and rational choice: A critical discussion

The article explores the paradox of revolution, where rational individuals face a dilemma in participating in collective rebellion due to the high personal costs and low expected benefits. It delves into the theoretical work of Olson and Tullock, who introduced the concept of the paradox of revolution, and discusses various solutions proposed within the rational choice literature, such as selective incentives, analytical Marxism, and asymmetric information. The text also highlights the importance of leadership in overcoming the free-rider problem and the role of revolutionary leaders in mobilizing mass movements. Additionally, it examines the unpredictability of revolutions and the shift from individual to collective rationality during revolutionary periods. The article provides a rich overview of the literature on revolutions, offering insights into the complex dynamics of collective action and the conditions that facilitate or hinder revolutionary movements.