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2005 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Ripple Marks

Authors : Carl L. Amos, Patrick L. Friend

Published in: Encyclopedia of Coastal Science

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

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Excerpt

Allen (1978) defined ripple marks as “… regular, ridge-like structures, transverse to current, which arise and are maintained at the interface between a moving, viscous fluid (water, air) and a moveable, noncohesive sediment (usually sand) by interaction between fluid and transported sediment. ”Ripple marks fall principally into two classes: aeolian ripples and water-formed ripples. Fundamental work on aeolian ripples was undertaken by Bagnold (1941) as an army officer in the Lybian desert; he considered ripples to be constant in size with time once formed, whereas larger types grew with time, almost without limit. Aeolian ripples are influenced by saltation bombardment of sand creating ballistic ripples which lack internal structure, and have wavelengths related to saltation length. Water-formed ripples are created by lee eddy avalanches in the direction of sediment transport, possess well-defined internal structure, and have wavelengths controlled by grain size. Thus, despite outward similarities in form, there is little overlap in the mechanisms of genesis between subaqueous and aeolian forms. …

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Metadata
Title
Ripple Marks
Authors
Carl L. Amos
Patrick L. Friend
Copyright Year
2005
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Book
Encyclopedia of Coastal Science

Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-1903-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4020-3880-8

Copyright Year: 2005

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_262