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2020 | Book

Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

Salt Damage in Ceramic Brick Masonry

Authors: Prof. João M.P.Q. Delgado, Prof. Dr. Fernando A.N. Silva, Prof. António C. Azevedo, Prof. Ariosvaldo Ribeiro

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Book Series : SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

This book discusses the effects of soluble mineral salts on ceramic brick masonry walls in Petrolina, a city in Pernambuco, Brazil, located 780 km from the ocean. To shed light on this phenomenon, the authors mapped the pathologies originating from the effects of soluble mineral salts and installed wells to monitor the underground water supply at five locations in the city where the phenomenon most frequently occurs. Further, they analyzed samples of soil, groundwater, and bricks affected by the phenomenon and measured levels of chloride in the atmosphere at these sites. The results obtained indicate that the pathological manifestations are influenced by the high levels of soluble salts observed in the soil and groundwater samples collected, and are not affected by chloride in the atmosphere.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
In Brazil, the accelerated increase in population during the last decades has contributed to the increase of the index of housing deficit. Taking into account the needs of the general population, employment opportunities have reached low levels in rural areas and are highest in urban centres.
João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Chapter 2. State-of the-Art
Abstract
The materials used in the construction industry exhibit porous characteristics that allow the moisture fixation through mechanisms like capillarity, higroscopicity and condensation. The experiments reported in this paper are directly related to rising damp, one of the moisture propagation phenomena that cause further deterioration in buildings.
João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Chapter 3. Materials and Methods
Abstract
The pathological manifestations observed in a significant part of the masonry walls, of ceramic blocks, in the buildings of Petrolina rely on the presence of soluble mineral salts. The most frequent occurrences are found in buildings located in the lower areas of the macro-drainage of Petrolina.
João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Chapter 4. Effect of Soluble Mineral Salts
Abstract
In this chapter the results of the tests carried out on soil, groundwater, bricks used in buildings and chlorides in the atmosphere are presented and analyzed. The results obtained are presented and, when applicable, a correlation between results was promoted in order to identify behavior trends. The dispersion of the measured values obtained is also presented. For a better understanding of the influence of the results in relation to the object studied, comparisons were made between the results obtained and references presented in literature.
João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Chapter 5. Conclusions
Abstract
The research proved that the presence of soluble mineral salts has great potential to degrade ceramic block in masonry building. The main objective of this work was to analyse the influence of soluble mineral salts on the ceramic brick masonry of buildings, as well as their origins, in the Petrolina municipality area, a region with clay sands and with a great number of open-air water runoff. Clay sands are a type of soil more prone to underground water runoff and, because of this feature, provide a more favourable environment for rising moisture that transports soluble mineral salts to the masonry walls accelerating their degradation process.
João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Salt Damage in Ceramic Brick Masonry
Authors
Prof. João M.P.Q. Delgado
Prof. Dr. Fernando A.N. Silva
Prof. António C. Azevedo
Prof. Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Copyright Year
2020
Electronic ISBN
978-3-030-47114-9
Print ISBN
978-3-030-47113-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47114-9

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