Secure and Negotiate Scheme for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications in an IoV

The exchange of real-time data between vehicle-to-vehicle communications is crucial in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) for vehicle-intelligent decisions. However, malicious and false communication data may cause serious personal safety accidents. Confirming the authenticity of the identities of both parties and encrypting communication content before communication is the first line of defense to ensure system security. Therefore, to secure the vehicle-to-vehicle communications, this paper proposes a secure and efficient authentication and key agreement scheme with lightweight operation. Our scheme achieves vehicle-to-vehicle authentication and establishes a session key to encrypt subsequent communication content with only lightweight operations such as symmetric encryption algorithms and hash functions. Furthermore, our scheme provides many ideal attributes, such as forward secrecy, which ensures that the final compromised of the system will not affect the previous communication content. Besides, we prove the security of the proposed scheme through heuristic analysis and BAN logic analysis and analyze the performance of the proposed scheme via comparing the computational cost and communication cost with three state-of-the-art related schemes. The results show that the proposed scheme has high communication efficiency.