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Published in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 11/2020

19-09-2020 | Original Article

Segmentation of the placenta and its vascular tree in Doppler ultrasound for fetal surgery planning

Authors: Enric Perera-Bel, Mario Ceresa, Jordina Torrents-Barrena, Narcís Masoller, Brenda Valenzuela-Alcaraz, Eduard Gratacós, Elisenda Eixarch, Miguel A. González Ballester

Published in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery | Issue 11/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious condition that occurs in about 10–15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies. In most instances, the blood flow is unevenly distributed throughout the placenta anastomoses leading to the death of both fetuses if no surgical procedure is performed. Fetoscopic laser coagulation is the optimal therapy to considerably improve co-twin prognosis by clogging the abnormal anastomoses. Notwithstanding progress in recent years, TTTS surgery is highly risky. Computer-assisted planning of the intervention can thus improve the outcome.

Methods

In this work, we implement a GPU-accelerated random walker (RW) algorithm to detect the placenta, both umbilical cord insertions and the placental vasculature from Doppler ultrasound (US). Placenta and background seeds are manually initialized in 10–20 slices (out of 245). Vessels are automatically initialized in the same slices by means of Otsu thresholding. The RW finds the boundaries of the placenta and reconstructs the vasculature.

Results

We evaluate our semiautomatic method in 5 monochorionic and 24 singleton pregnancies. Although satisfactory performance is achieved on placenta segmentation (Dice ≥ 84.0%), some vascular connections are still neglected due to the presence of US reverberation artifacts (Dice ≥ 56.9%). We also compared inter-user variability and obtained Dice coefficients of ≥ 76.8% and ≥ 97.42% for placenta and vasculature, respectively. After a 3-min manual initialization, our GPU approach speeds the computation 10.6 times compared to the CPU.

Conclusions

Our semiautomatic method provides a near real-time user experience and requires short training without compromising the segmentation accuracy. A powerful approach is thus presented to rapidly plan the fetoscope insertion point ahead of TTTS surgery.

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Footnotes
1
The Insight Segmentation & Registration Toolkit (ITK): https://​itk.​org.
 
4
The Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK): http://​mitk.​org.
 
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Metadata
Title
Segmentation of the placenta and its vascular tree in Doppler ultrasound for fetal surgery planning
Authors
Enric Perera-Bel
Mario Ceresa
Jordina Torrents-Barrena
Narcís Masoller
Brenda Valenzuela-Alcaraz
Eduard Gratacós
Elisenda Eixarch
Miguel A. González Ballester
Publication date
19-09-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery / Issue 11/2020
Print ISSN: 1861-6410
Electronic ISSN: 1861-6429
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-020-02256-2

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