Skip to main content
Top

2012 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Semianalytical Models for Network Performance Evaluation

Authors : Ronald Holzlöhner, Oleg V. Sinkin, Vladimir S. Grigoryan

Published in: WDM Systems and Networks

Publisher: Springer New York

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

We discuss the linearization and the momentum methods as two complementary approaches for analyzing signal statistics in optical communications systems governed by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Based on the linearization, we derive the covariance matrix method that allows us to accurately compute the bit error rates. The momentum method represents an alternative approach for computationally efficient analysis of the amplitude and timing jitter, as well as signal statistics.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Footnotes
1
Note that by choosing this sign convention in the exponential functions, the optical frequency that corresponds to \(\omega_{n}\) lies at \(\omega_{\rm total}=\omega_{0}-\omega_{n},\) where \(\omega_{0}\) is the carrier frequency.
 
2
In the rest of this subsection, we will use a sans serif font to denote complex \(N\times N\) matrices like \({\mathsf B},\) a script font for real \(2N\times2N\) matrices like \({\fancyscript{R}},\) and a bold face font for real \(2N\)-vectors such as a. The only exception will be \(\alpha,\) which is a complex N-vector.
 
3
See Sect. 4.2.2.1 for a discussion of parametric gain.
 
Literature
1.
go back to reference Ablowitz MJ, Ahrens C, Biondini G, Chakravarty S, Docherty A (2004) Reduction of collision-induced timing shifts in dispersion-managed quasi-linear systems with periodic-group-delay dispersion compensation. Opt Lett 29(20):2354–2356 Ablowitz MJ, Ahrens C, Biondini G, Chakravarty S, Docherty A (2004) Reduction of collision-induced timing shifts in dispersion-managed quasi-linear systems with periodic-group-delay dispersion compensation. Opt Lett 29(20):2354–2356
2.
go back to reference Ablowitz MJ, Biondini G, Biswas A, Docherty A, Hirooka T, Chakravarty S (2002) Collision-induced timing shifts in dispersion-managed soliton systems. Opt Lett 27(5):318–320 Ablowitz MJ, Biondini G, Biswas A, Docherty A, Hirooka T, Chakravarty S (2002) Collision-induced timing shifts in dispersion-managed soliton systems. Opt Lett 27(5):318–320
3.
go back to reference Ablowitz MJ, Biondini G, Chakravarty S, Horne RL (1998) On timing jitter in wavelength-division multiplexed soliton systems. Opt Commun 150(1–6):305–318 Ablowitz MJ, Biondini G, Chakravarty S, Horne RL (1998) On timing jitter in wavelength-division multiplexed soliton systems. Opt Commun 150(1–6):305–318
4.
go back to reference Ablowitz MJ, Docherty A, Hirooka T (2003) Incomplete collisions in strongly dispersion-managed return-to-zero communication systems. Opt Lett 28(4):1191–1193 Ablowitz MJ, Docherty A, Hirooka T (2003) Incomplete collisions in strongly dispersion-managed return-to-zero communication systems. Opt Lett 28(4):1191–1193
5.
go back to reference Ablowitz MJ, Hirooka T (2000) Resonant nonlinear intrachannel interactions in strongly dispersion-managed systems. Opt Lett 25(24):1750–1752 Ablowitz MJ, Hirooka T (2000) Resonant nonlinear intrachannel interactions in strongly dispersion-managed systems. Opt Lett 25(24):1750–1752
6.
go back to reference Abramowitz M, Stegun IA (1965) Handbook of mathematical functions. Dover, New York Abramowitz M, Stegun IA (1965) Handbook of mathematical functions. Dover, New York
7.
go back to reference Agrawal GP (1995) Nonlinear fiber optics, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London Agrawal GP (1995) Nonlinear fiber optics, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London
8.
go back to reference Agrawal GP (1997) Fiber-optics communication systems, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York Agrawal GP (1997) Fiber-optics communication systems, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
9.
go back to reference Ahrens C, Ablowitz MJ, Docherty A, Sinkin OV, Zweck J, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2006) Asymptotic analysis of collision-induced timing shifts in return-to-zero quasi-linear systems with pre- and post-dispersion compensation. Opt Lett 31(1):5–7 Ahrens C, Ablowitz MJ, Docherty A, Sinkin OV, Zweck J, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2006) Asymptotic analysis of collision-induced timing shifts in return-to-zero quasi-linear systems with pre- and post-dispersion compensation. Opt Lett 31(1):5–7
10.
go back to reference Anderson CJ, Lyle JA (1994) Technique for evaluating system performance using Q in numerical simulations exhibiting intersymbol interference. Electron Lett 30(1):71–72 Anderson CJ, Lyle JA (1994) Technique for evaluating system performance using Q in numerical simulations exhibiting intersymbol interference. Electron Lett 30(1):71–72
11.
go back to reference Arnold L (1992) Stochastic differential equations: theory and applications. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar. (Reprinted from Wiley, New York, 1974) Arnold L (1992) Stochastic differential equations: theory and applications. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar. (Reprinted from Wiley, New York, 1974)
12.
go back to reference Bakhshi B, Vaa M, Golovchenko EA, Patterson WW, Maybach RL, Bergano NS (2001) Comparison of CRZ, RZ, and NRZ modulation formats in a \(64\times12.3 \hbox{Gb/s}\) WDM transmission experiment over 9,000 km. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper WF4, Anaheim, CA Bakhshi B, Vaa M, Golovchenko EA, Patterson WW, Maybach RL, Bergano NS (2001) Comparison of CRZ, RZ, and NRZ modulation formats in a \(64\times12.3 \hbox{Gb/s}\) WDM transmission experiment over 9,000 km. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper WF4, Anaheim, CA
13.
go back to reference Bellotti G, Varani M, Francia C, Bononi A (1998) Intensity distortion induced by cross-phase modulation and chromatic dispersion in optical-fiber transmissions with dispersion compensation. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(12):1745–1747 Bellotti G, Varani M, Francia C, Bononi A (1998) Intensity distortion induced by cross-phase modulation and chromatic dispersion in optical-fiber transmissions with dispersion compensation. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(12):1745–1747
14.
go back to reference Bennetin G, Galgani L, Strelcyn JM (1976) Kolgomorov entropy and numerical experiments. Phys Rev A 14(6):2338–2345 Bennetin G, Galgani L, Strelcyn JM (1976) Kolgomorov entropy and numerical experiments. Phys Rev A 14(6):2338–2345
15.
go back to reference Berg BA (1998) Algorithmic aspects of multicanonical simulations. Nucl Phys Proc Suppl 63(1–3):982–984 Berg BA (1998) Algorithmic aspects of multicanonical simulations. Nucl Phys Proc Suppl 63(1–3):982–984
16.
go back to reference Berg BA, Neuhaus F (1992) Multicanonical ensemble: a new approach to simulate first-order phase transitions. Phys Rev Lett 68(1):9–11 Berg BA, Neuhaus F (1992) Multicanonical ensemble: a new approach to simulate first-order phase transitions. Phys Rev Lett 68(1):9–11
17.
go back to reference Bergano NS, Kerfoot FW, Davidson CR (1993) Margin measurements in optical amplifier systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 5(3):304–306 Bergano NS, Kerfoot FW, Davidson CR (1993) Margin measurements in optical amplifier systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 5(3):304–306
18.
go back to reference Bigo S, Bellotti G, Chbat M (1999) Investigation of cross-phase modulation limitation over various types of fiber infrastructures. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(5):605–607 Bigo S, Bellotti G, Chbat M (1999) Investigation of cross-phase modulation limitation over various types of fiber infrastructures. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(5):605–607
19.
go back to reference Bigo S, Idler W, Antona J-C, Charlet G, Simonneau C, Gorleir M, Molina M, Borne S, de Barros C, Sillard P, Tran P, Dischler R, Poehlmann W, Nouchi P, Frignac Y (2001) Transmission of 125 WDM channels at 42.7 Gbit/s (5 Tbit/s capacity) over \(12 \times 100 \hbox{km}\) of TeraLight Ultra fibre. In: Proceedings of European conference on optical communications (ECOC) 01, postdeadline paper PDM11, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Bigo S, Idler W, Antona J-C, Charlet G, Simonneau C, Gorleir M, Molina M, Borne S, de Barros C, Sillard P, Tran P, Dischler R, Poehlmann W, Nouchi P, Frignac Y (2001) Transmission of 125 WDM channels at 42.7 Gbit/s (5 Tbit/s capacity) over \(12 \times 100 \hbox{km}\) of TeraLight Ultra fibre. In: Proceedings of European conference on optical communications (ECOC) 01, postdeadline paper PDM11, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
20.
go back to reference Biondini G, Kath WL, Menyuk CR (2002) Importance sampling for polarization-mode dispersion. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(3):310–312 Biondini G, Kath WL, Menyuk CR (2002) Importance sampling for polarization-mode dispersion. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(3):310–312
21.
go back to reference Biondini G, Kath WL, Menyuk CR (2004) Importance sampling for polarization-mode dispersion: techniques and applications. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 22(4):1201–1215 Biondini G, Kath WL, Menyuk CR (2004) Importance sampling for polarization-mode dispersion: techniques and applications. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 22(4):1201–1215
22.
go back to reference Bosco G, Carena A, Curri V, Gaudino R, Poggiolini P, Benedetto S (2000) A novel analytical method for the BER evaluation in optical systems affected by parametric gain. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(2):152–154 Bosco G, Carena A, Curri V, Gaudino R, Poggiolini P, Benedetto S (2000) A novel analytical method for the BER evaluation in optical systems affected by parametric gain. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(2):152–154
23.
go back to reference Bratley BL, Fox BL, Schrage LE (1987) A guide to simulation. Springer-Verlag, New York Bratley BL, Fox BL, Schrage LE (1987) A guide to simulation. Springer-Verlag, New York
24.
go back to reference Cai J-X, Foursa DG, Liu L, Davidson CR, Cai Y, Patterson WW, Lucero AJ, Bakhshi B, Mohs G, Corbett PC, Gupta V, Anderson W, Vaa M, Domagala G, Mazurczyk M, Li H, Jiang S, Nissov M, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS (2005) RZ-DPSK field trial over 13,100 km of installed non-slope-matched submarine fibers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(1):95–103 Cai J-X, Foursa DG, Liu L, Davidson CR, Cai Y, Patterson WW, Lucero AJ, Bakhshi B, Mohs G, Corbett PC, Gupta V, Anderson W, Vaa M, Domagala G, Mazurczyk M, Li H, Jiang S, Nissov M, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS (2005) RZ-DPSK field trial over 13,100 km of installed non-slope-matched submarine fibers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(1):95–103
25.
go back to reference Cai J-X, Nissov M, Pilipetskii AN, Davidson CR, Mu R-M, Mills MA, Xu L, Foursa D, Menges R, Corbett PC, Sutton D, Bergano NS (2001) \(1.28 \hbox{Tb/s} (32 \times 40 \hbox{Gb/s})\) transmission over 4,500 km. In: Proceedings of European conference on optical communications (ECOC) 01, postdeadline paper PDM12, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Cai J-X, Nissov M, Pilipetskii AN, Davidson CR, Mu R-M, Mills MA, Xu L, Foursa D, Menges R, Corbett PC, Sutton D, Bergano NS (2001) \(1.28 \hbox{Tb/s} (32 \times 40 \hbox{Gb/s})\) transmission over 4,500 km. In: Proceedings of European conference on optical communications (ECOC) 01, postdeadline paper PDM12, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
26.
go back to reference Cai J-X, Nissov M, Davidson CR, Cai Y, Pilipetskii AN, Li H, Mills MA, Mu R-M, Feiste U, Xu L, Lucero AJ, Foursa DG, Bergano NS (2002) Transmission of thirty-eight 40 Gb/s channels (> 1.5 Tb/s) over transoceanic distance. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), postdeadline paper FC4, Anaheim, CA Cai J-X, Nissov M, Davidson CR, Cai Y, Pilipetskii AN, Li H, Mills MA, Mu R-M, Feiste U, Xu L, Lucero AJ, Foursa DG, Bergano NS (2002) Transmission of thirty-eight 40 Gb/s channels (> 1.5 Tb/s) over transoceanic distance. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), postdeadline paper FC4, Anaheim, CA
27.
go back to reference Carena A, Curri V, Gaudino R, Poggiolini P, Benedetto S (1997) New analytical results on fiber parametric gain and its effects on ASE noise. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 9(4):535–537 Carena A, Curri V, Gaudino R, Poggiolini P, Benedetto S (1997) New analytical results on fiber parametric gain and its effects on ASE noise. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 9(4):535–537
28.
go back to reference Cartaxo A (1998) Impact of modulation frequency on cross-phase modulation effect in intensity modulation-direct detection WDM systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(9):1268–1270 Cartaxo A (1998) Impact of modulation frequency on cross-phase modulation effect in intensity modulation-direct detection WDM systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(9):1268–1270
29.
go back to reference Cartaxo A (1999) Cross-phase modulation in intensity modulation direct detection WDM systems with multiple optical amplifiers and dispersion compensators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(2):178–190 Cartaxo A (1999) Cross-phase modulation in intensity modulation direct detection WDM systems with multiple optical amplifiers and dispersion compensators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(2):178–190
30.
go back to reference Carter GM, Jacob JM (1998) Dynamics of solitons in filtered dispersion-managed systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(4):546–548 Carter GM, Jacob JM (1998) Dynamics of solitons in filtered dispersion-managed systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(4):546–548
31.
go back to reference Carter GM, Jacob JM, Menyuk CR, Golovchenko EA, Pillipetskii AN (1997) Timing-jitter reduction for a dispersion-managed soliton system: experimental evidence. Opt Lett 22(8):513–515 Carter GM, Jacob JM, Menyuk CR, Golovchenko EA, Pillipetskii AN (1997) Timing-jitter reduction for a dispersion-managed soliton system: experimental evidence. Opt Lett 22(8):513–515
32.
go back to reference Chen JC, Lu D, Sadowsky JS, Yao K (1993) On importance sampling in digital communications—part I: fundamentals. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 11(3):289–299 Chen JC, Lu D, Sadowsky JS, Yao K (1993) On importance sampling in digital communications—part I: fundamentals. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 11(3):289–299
33.
go back to reference Chen Y, Haus HA (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons with net positive dispersion. Opt Lett 23(13):1013–1015 Chen Y, Haus HA (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons with net positive dispersion. Opt Lett 23(13):1013–1015
34.
go back to reference Chiang TK, Kagi N, Marhic ME, Kazovsky LG (1996) Cross-phase modulation in fiber links with multiple optical amplifiers and dispersion compensators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 14(3):249–260 Chiang TK, Kagi N, Marhic ME, Kazovsky LG (1996) Cross-phase modulation in fiber links with multiple optical amplifiers and dispersion compensators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 14(3):249–260
35.
go back to reference Ciaramella E (2002) Nonlinear impairments in extremely dense WDM systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(6):804–806 Ciaramella E (2002) Nonlinear impairments in extremely dense WDM systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(6):804–806
36.
go back to reference Ciaramella E, Forestieri E (2005) Analytical approximation of nonlinear distortions. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(1):91–93 Ciaramella E, Forestieri E (2005) Analytical approximation of nonlinear distortions. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(1):91–93
37.
go back to reference Coelho LD, Molle L, Gross D, Hanik N, Freund R, Caspar C, Schmidt ED, Spinnler B (2009) Modeling nonlinear phase noise in differentially phase-modulated optical communication systems. Opt Express 17(5):3226–3241 Coelho LD, Molle L, Gross D, Hanik N, Freund R, Caspar C, Schmidt ED, Spinnler B (2009) Modeling nonlinear phase noise in differentially phase-modulated optical communication systems. Opt Express 17(5):3226–3241
38.
go back to reference Cohen SD, Hindmarsh AC (1994) CVODE User Guide. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Cohen SD, Hindmarsh AC (1994) CVODE User Guide. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
39.
go back to reference Demir A (2007) Nonlinear phase noise in optical-fiber-communication systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 25(8):2002–2032 Demir A (2007) Nonlinear phase noise in optical-fiber-communication systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 25(8):2002–2032
40.
go back to reference Dieci L, Eirola T (1994) Positive definitenness in the numerical solution of Riccati differential equations. Num Math 67(3):303–313MATHMathSciNet Dieci L, Eirola T (1994) Positive definitenness in the numerical solution of Riccati differential equations. Num Math 67(3):303–313MATHMathSciNet
41.
go back to reference Doob JL (1954) The Brownian movement and stochastic equations. In: Wax N (eds) Selected papers on noise and stochastic processes. Dover, New York Doob JL (1954) The Brownian movement and stochastic equations. In: Wax N (eds) Selected papers on noise and stochastic processes. Dover, New York
42.
go back to reference Essiambre RJ, Foschini GJ, Kramer G, Winzer PJ (2010) Capacity limits of information transmission in optically-routed fiber networks. Bell Labs Tech J 14(4):149–162 Essiambre RJ, Foschini GJ, Kramer G, Winzer PJ (2010) Capacity limits of information transmission in optically-routed fiber networks. Bell Labs Tech J 14(4):149–162
43.
go back to reference Forestieri E (2000) Evaluating the error probability in lightwave systems with chromatic dispersion, arbitrary pulse shape and pre- and postdetection filtering. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 18(11):1493–1503 Forestieri E (2000) Evaluating the error probability in lightwave systems with chromatic dispersion, arbitrary pulse shape and pre- and postdetection filtering. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 18(11):1493–1503
44.
go back to reference Forghieri F, Tkach RW, Chraplyvy AR (1997) Fiber nonlinearities and their impact on transmission systems. In: IP Kaminow, Koch TL (eds) Optical fiber telecommunications III A. Academic Press, London Forghieri F, Tkach RW, Chraplyvy AR (1997) Fiber nonlinearities and their impact on transmission systems. In: IP Kaminow, Koch TL (eds) Optical fiber telecommunications III A. Academic Press, London
45.
46.
go back to reference Georges T (1995) Bit-error rate degradation of interacting solitons owing to non-Gaussian statistics. Electron Lett 31(14):1174–1175 Georges T (1995) Bit-error rate degradation of interacting solitons owing to non-Gaussian statistics. Electron Lett 31(14):1174–1175
47.
go back to reference Georges T (1995) Perturbation theory for the assessment of soliton transmission control. Opt Fiber Technol 1(2):97–116MathSciNet Georges T (1995) Perturbation theory for the assessment of soliton transmission control. Opt Fiber Technol 1(2):97–116MathSciNet
48.
go back to reference Georges T (1996) Study of the non-Gaussian timing jitter statistics induced by soliton interaction and filtering. Opt Commum 123(4–6):617–623 Georges T (1996) Study of the non-Gaussian timing jitter statistics induced by soliton interaction and filtering. Opt Commum 123(4–6):617–623
49.
go back to reference Georges T, Favre F, Guen DL (1998) Theoretical and experimental study of soliton transmission in dispersion managed links. Inst Electron Inf Commun. Eng Trans Electron E81-C(2):226–231 Georges T, Favre F, Guen DL (1998) Theoretical and experimental study of soliton transmission in dispersion managed links. Inst Electron Inf Commun. Eng Trans Electron E81-C(2):226–231
50.
go back to reference Gnauck AH, Winzer PJ (2005) Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(1):115–130 Gnauck AH, Winzer PJ (2005) Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(1):115–130
51.
go back to reference Golovchenko EA, Jacob JM, Pillipetskii AN, Menyuk CR, Carter GM (1997) Dispersion-managed solitons in a fiber loop with in-line filtering. Opt Lett 22(5):289–291 Golovchenko EA, Jacob JM, Pillipetskii AN, Menyuk CR, Carter GM (1997) Dispersion-managed solitons in a fiber loop with in-line filtering. Opt Lett 22(5):289–291
52.
go back to reference Golovchenko EA, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS (2000) Transmission properties of chirped return-to-zero pulses and nonlinear intersymbol interference in 10 GBit/s WDM transmission. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper FC3, Baltimore, MD Golovchenko EA, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS (2000) Transmission properties of chirped return-to-zero pulses and nonlinear intersymbol interference in 10 GBit/s WDM transmission. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper FC3, Baltimore, MD
53.
go back to reference Golovchenko EA, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS, Davidsen CR, Khatri FI, Kimball RM, Mazurczyk VJ (2000) Modeling of transoceanic fiber-optic WDM communications systems. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 6(2):337–347 Golovchenko EA, Pilipetskii AN, Bergano NS, Davidsen CR, Khatri FI, Kimball RM, Mazurczyk VJ (2000) Modeling of transoceanic fiber-optic WDM communications systems. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 6(2):337–347
54.
go back to reference Gordon JP, Haus HA (1986) Random walk of coherently amplified solitons in optical fiber transmission. Opt Lett 11(10):665–667 Gordon JP, Haus HA (1986) Random walk of coherently amplified solitons in optical fiber transmission. Opt Lett 11(10):665–667
55.
go back to reference Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons at normal average dispersion. Opt Lett 23(8):609–611 Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons at normal average dispersion. Opt Lett 23(8):609–611
56.
go back to reference Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Mu RM (1999) Calculation of timing and amplitude jitter in dispersion-managed optical fiber communications using linearization. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(8):1347–1356 Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Mu RM (1999) Calculation of timing and amplitude jitter in dispersion-managed optical fiber communications using linearization. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(8):1347–1356
57.
go back to reference Grigoryan VS, Richter A (2000) Efficient approach for modeling collision-induced timing jitter in WDM return-to-zero dispersion-managed systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 18(8):1148–1154 Grigoryan VS, Richter A (2000) Efficient approach for modeling collision-induced timing jitter in WDM return-to-zero dispersion-managed systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 18(8):1148–1154
58.
go back to reference Grigoryan VS, Veselka J, Sardesai HP (2008) Highly efficient method for BER modeling in quasi-linear fibers and its validation in a 40 Gb/s DWDM test bed. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper JThA53, San Diego, CA Grigoryan VS, Veselka J, Sardesai HP (2008) Highly efficient method for BER modeling in quasi-linear fibers and its validation in a 40 Gb/s DWDM test bed. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper JThA53, San Diego, CA
59.
go back to reference Hahn PM, Jeruchim MC (1987) Developments in the theory and application of importance sampling. IEEE Trans Commun 35(7):706–714 Hahn PM, Jeruchim MC (1987) Developments in the theory and application of importance sampling. IEEE Trans Commun 35(7):706–714
60.
go back to reference Hasegawa A (1995) Solitons in optical communications. Clarendon, OxfordMATH Hasegawa A (1995) Solitons in optical communications. Clarendon, OxfordMATH
61.
go back to reference Haus HA (1991) Quantum noise in solitonlike repeater systems. J Opt Soc Am B 8(5):1122–1126 Haus HA (1991) Quantum noise in solitonlike repeater systems. J Opt Soc Am B 8(5):1122–1126
62.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R (2003) A covariance matrix method for the computation of bit errors in optical transmission systems. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland Baltimore County. Baltimore, Maryland, USA Holzlöhner R (2003) A covariance matrix method for the computation of bit errors in optical transmission systems. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland Baltimore County. Baltimore, Maryland, USA
63.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R, Ereifej HN, Carter GM, Menyuk CR (2002) Experimental and theoretical characterization of a 40 Gb/s long-haul single-channel transmission system. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(7):1124–1131 Holzlöhner R, Ereifej HN, Carter GM, Menyuk CR (2002) Experimental and theoretical characterization of a 40 Gb/s long-haul single-channel transmission system. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(7):1124–1131
64.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Kath WL (2002) Accurate calculation of eye diagrams and bit error rates in long-haul transmission systems using linearization. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(3):389–400 Holzlöhner R, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Kath WL (2002) Accurate calculation of eye diagrams and bit error rates in long-haul transmission systems using linearization. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(3):389–400
65.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R, Mahadevan A, Menyuk C, Morris J, Zweck J (2005) Evaluation of the very low BER of FEC codes using dual adaptive importance sampling. IEEE Commun Lett 9(2):163–165 Holzlöhner R, Mahadevan A, Menyuk C, Morris J, Zweck J (2005) Evaluation of the very low BER of FEC codes using dual adaptive importance sampling. IEEE Commun Lett 9(2):163–165
66.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R, Menyuk CR (2003) The use of multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations to obtain accurate bit error rates in optical communications systems. Opt Lett 28(20):1894–1896 Holzlöhner R, Menyuk CR (2003) The use of multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations to obtain accurate bit error rates in optical communications systems. Opt Lett 28(20):1894–1896
67.
go back to reference Holzlöhner R, Menyuk CR, Kath WL VSG (2003) A covariance matrix method to compute bit error rates in a highly nonlinear dispersion-managed soliton system. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(5):688–690 Holzlöhner R, Menyuk CR, Kath WL VSG (2003) A covariance matrix method to compute bit error rates in a highly nonlinear dispersion-managed soliton system. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(5):688–690
68.
go back to reference Hui R, Chowdhury D, Newhouse M, O’Sullivan M, Poettcker M (1997) Nonlinear amplification of noise in fibers with dispersion and its impact in optically amplified systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 9(3):392–394 Hui R, Chowdhury D, Newhouse M, O’Sullivan M, Poettcker M (1997) Nonlinear amplification of noise in fibers with dispersion and its impact in optically amplified systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 9(3):392–394
69.
go back to reference Hui R, Demarest KR, Allen CT (1999) Cross-phase modulation in multispan WDM optical fiber systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(6):1018–1026 Hui R, Demarest KR, Allen CT (1999) Cross-phase modulation in multispan WDM optical fiber systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(6):1018–1026
70.
go back to reference Hui R, O’Sullivan M, Robinson A, Taylor M (1997) Modulation instability and its impact in multispan optical amplified IMDD systems: theory and experiments. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 15(7):1071–1081 Hui R, O’Sullivan M, Robinson A, Taylor M (1997) Modulation instability and its impact in multispan optical amplified IMDD systems: theory and experiments. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 15(7):1071–1081
71.
go back to reference Humblet PA, Azizo glu M (1991) On the bit error rate of lightwave systems with optical amplifiers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 9(11):1576–1582 Humblet PA, Azizo glu M (1991) On the bit error rate of lightwave systems with optical amplifiers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 9(11):1576–1582
72.
go back to reference Iannone E, Matera F, Mecozzi A, Settembre M (1998) Nonlinear optical communication networks. Microwave and optical engineering. Wiley, New York Iannone E, Matera F, Mecozzi A, Settembre M (1998) Nonlinear optical communication networks. Microwave and optical engineering. Wiley, New York
73.
go back to reference Jenkins RB, Sauer JR, Chakravarty S, Ablowitz MJ (1995) Data-dependent timing jitter in wavelength-division-multiplexing soliton systems. Opt Lett 20(19):1964–1966 Jenkins RB, Sauer JR, Chakravarty S, Ablowitz MJ (1995) Data-dependent timing jitter in wavelength-division-multiplexing soliton systems. Opt Lett 20(19):1964–1966
74.
go back to reference Jiang Z, Chongcheng F (2003) A comprehensive study on XPM- and SRS-induced noise in cascaded IM-DD optical fiber transmission systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 21(4):953–960 Jiang Z, Chongcheng F (2003) A comprehensive study on XPM- and SRS-induced noise in cascaded IM-DD optical fiber transmission systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 21(4):953–960
75.
go back to reference Kaminov, IP (eds) (1997) TLK optical fiber telecommunications IIIA. Academic Press, San Diego Kaminov, IP (eds) (1997) TLK optical fiber telecommunications IIIA. Academic Press, San Diego
76.
go back to reference Kaminov, IP (eds) (2002) Optical fiber telecommunications IVB. Academic Press, San Diego Kaminov, IP (eds) (2002) Optical fiber telecommunications IVB. Academic Press, San Diego
77.
go back to reference Kaup DJ (1990) Perturbation theory for solitons in optical fibers. Phys Rev A 42(9):5689–5694MathSciNet Kaup DJ (1990) Perturbation theory for solitons in optical fibers. Phys Rev A 42(9):5689–5694MathSciNet
78.
go back to reference Kazovsky L, Benedetto S, Willner A (1996) Optical fiber comminication systems. Artech House, Boston Kazovsky L, Benedetto S, Willner A (1996) Optical fiber comminication systems. Artech House, Boston
79.
go back to reference Killey RI, Thiele HJ, Mikhailov V, Bayvel P (2000) Prediction of transmission penalties due to cross-phase modulation in WDM systems using a simplified technique. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(7):804–806 Killey RI, Thiele HJ, Mikhailov V, Bayvel P (2000) Prediction of transmission penalties due to cross-phase modulation in WDM systems using a simplified technique. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(7):804–806
80.
go back to reference Kovsh DI, Liu L, Bakhshi B, Pilipetskii AN, Golovchenko EA, Bergano NS (2002) Reducing interchannel crosstalk in long-haul DWDM systems. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 8(3):597–602 Kovsh DI, Liu L, Bakhshi B, Pilipetskii AN, Golovchenko EA, Bergano NS (2002) Reducing interchannel crosstalk in long-haul DWDM systems. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 8(3):597–602
81.
go back to reference Kumar S, Hasegawa A (1997) Quasi-soliton propagation in dispersion-managed optical fibers. Opt Lett 22(6):372–375 Kumar S, Hasegawa A (1997) Quasi-soliton propagation in dispersion-managed optical fibers. Opt Lett 22(6):372–375
82.
go back to reference Kutz JN, Evangelides SG (1998) Dispersion-managed breathers with average normal dispersion. Opt Lett 23(9):685–687 Kutz JN, Evangelides SG (1998) Dispersion-managed breathers with average normal dispersion. Opt Lett 23(9):685–687
83.
go back to reference Lakoba TI, Yung J, Kaup DJ, Malomed BA (1998) Conditions for stationary pulse propagation in the strong dispersion management regime. Opt Commun 149(4–6):366–375 Lakoba TI, Yung J, Kaup DJ, Malomed BA (1998) Conditions for stationary pulse propagation in the strong dispersion management regime. Opt Commun 149(4–6):366–375
84.
go back to reference Le Guen F., Del Burgo S, Moulinard ML, Grot D, Henry, M, Favre F, Georges T (1999) Narrow band 1.02 Tbit/s (51 × 20 Gbit/s) soliton DWDM transmission over 1,000 km of standard fiber with 100 km amplifier spans. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), postdeadline paper PD4, Washington, DC Le Guen F., Del Burgo S, Moulinard ML, Grot D, Henry, M, Favre F, Georges T (1999) Narrow band 1.02 Tbit/s (51 × 20 Gbit/s) soliton DWDM transmission over 1,000 km of standard fiber with 100 km amplifier spans. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), postdeadline paper PD4, Washington, DC
85.
go back to reference Lee JS, Shim CS (1994) Bit-error-rate analysis of optically preamplified receivers using an eigenfunction expansion method in optical frequency domain. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 12(7):1224–1229 Lee JS, Shim CS (1994) Bit-error-rate analysis of optically preamplified receivers using an eigenfunction expansion method in optical frequency domain. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 12(7):1224–1229
86.
go back to reference Lima AO, Lima IT, CR M (2005) Error estimation in multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations with applications to polarization-mode-dispersion emulators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(11):3781–3789 Lima AO, Lima IT, CR M (2005) Error estimation in multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations with applications to polarization-mode-dispersion emulators. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(11):3781–3789
87.
go back to reference Lima IT, Lima AO, Sun Y, Jiao H, Zweck J, CR M (2005) A receiver model for optical fiber communication systems with arbitrarily polarized noise. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(3):1478–1490 Lima IT, Lima AO, Sun Y, Jiao H, Zweck J, CR M (2005) A receiver model for optical fiber communication systems with arbitrarily polarized noise. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(3):1478–1490
88.
go back to reference Lima IT, Lima AO, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2003) Efficient computation of outage probabilities due to polarization effects in a WDM system using a reduced Stokes model and importance sampling. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(1):45–47 Lima IT, Lima AO, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2003) Efficient computation of outage probabilities due to polarization effects in a WDM system using a reduced Stokes model and importance sampling. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(1):45–47
89.
go back to reference Liu X, Wei X, Mollenauer LF, McKinstrie CJ, Xie C (2003) Collision-induced time shift of a dispersion-managed soliton and its minimization in wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission. Opt Lett 28(16):1148–1150 Liu X, Wei X, Mollenauer LF, McKinstrie CJ, Xie C (2003) Collision-induced time shift of a dispersion-managed soliton and its minimization in wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission. Opt Lett 28(16):1148–1150
90.
go back to reference DeLong KW, Trebino R, Kane DJ (1994) Comparison of ultrashort pulse frequency-resolved optical gating traces for three common beam geometries. J Opt Soc Am B 11(9):1595–1608 DeLong KW, Trebino R, Kane DJ (1994) Comparison of ultrashort pulse frequency-resolved optical gating traces for three common beam geometries. J Opt Soc Am B 11(9):1595–1608
91.
go back to reference Loudon R (1983) The quantum theory of light. Clarendon, Oxford Loudon R (1983) The quantum theory of light. Clarendon, Oxford
92.
go back to reference Lu T, Yevick D (2005) Efficient multicanonical algorithms. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(4):861–863 Lu T, Yevick D (2005) Efficient multicanonical algorithms. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(4):861–863
93.
go back to reference Luis RS, Cartaxo AVT (2005) Analytical characterization of SPM impact on XPM-induced degradation in dispersion-compensated WDM systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(3):1503–1513 Luis RS, Cartaxo AVT (2005) Analytical characterization of SPM impact on XPM-induced degradation in dispersion-compensated WDM systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 23(3):1503–1513
94.
go back to reference Lyubomirsky I, Qui T, Roman J, Nayfeh M, Frankel M, Taylor MG (2003) Interplay of fiber nonlinearity and optical filtering in ultradense WDM. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(1):147–149 Lyubomirsky I, Qui T, Roman J, Nayfeh M, Frankel M, Taylor MG (2003) Interplay of fiber nonlinearity and optical filtering in ultradense WDM. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 15(1):147–149
95.
go back to reference Mamyshev PV, Mamysheva NA (1999) Pulse-overlapped dispersion-managed data transmission and intrachannel four-wave mixing. Opt Lett 24(21):1454–1456 Mamyshev PV, Mamysheva NA (1999) Pulse-overlapped dispersion-managed data transmission and intrachannel four-wave mixing. Opt Lett 24(21):1454–1456
96.
go back to reference Marcuse D (1990) Derivation of analytical expressions for the bit-error probability in lightwave systems with optical amplifiers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 8(12):1816–1823 Marcuse D (1990) Derivation of analytical expressions for the bit-error probability in lightwave systems with optical amplifiers. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 8(12):1816–1823
97.
go back to reference Marks B (2000) Dispersion management in fiber optic communications. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Chicago Marks B (2000) Dispersion management in fiber optic communications. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Chicago
98.
go back to reference Mecozzi A (1994) Long-distance transmission at zero dispersion: Combined effect of the Kerr nonlinearity and the noise of the in-line amplifiers. J Opt Soc Am B 11(3):462–469 Mecozzi A (1994) Long-distance transmission at zero dispersion: Combined effect of the Kerr nonlinearity and the noise of the in-line amplifiers. J Opt Soc Am B 11(3):462–469
99.
go back to reference Menyuk CR (1995) Non-Gaussian corrections to the Gordon–Haus distribution resulting from soliton interactions. Opt Lett 20(3):285–287 Menyuk CR (1995) Non-Gaussian corrections to the Gordon–Haus distribution resulting from soliton interactions. Opt Lett 20(3):285–287
100.
go back to reference Menyuk CR (1999) Application of multiple-length-scale methods to the study of optical fiber fiber transmission. J Eng Math 36(1–2):113–136MATHMathSciNet Menyuk CR (1999) Application of multiple-length-scale methods to the study of optical fiber fiber transmission. J Eng Math 36(1–2):113–136MATHMathSciNet
101.
102.
go back to reference Moore RO, Biondini G, Kath WL (2003) Importance sampling for noise-induced amplitude and timing jitter in soliton transmission systems. Opt Lett 28(2):105–107 Moore RO, Biondini G, Kath WL (2003) Importance sampling for noise-induced amplitude and timing jitter in soliton transmission systems. Opt Lett 28(2):105–107
103.
go back to reference Mu RM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Carter GM, Jacob JM (2000) Comparison of theory and experiment for dispersion-managed solitons in a recirculating fiber loop. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 6(2):248–257 Mu RM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR, Carter GM, Jacob JM (2000) Comparison of theory and experiment for dispersion-managed solitons in a recirculating fiber loop. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 6(2):248–257
104.
go back to reference Mu RM, Menyuk CR (2001) Symmetric slope compensation in a long-haul WDM system using the CRZ format. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 13(8):797–799 Mu RM, Menyuk CR (2001) Symmetric slope compensation in a long-haul WDM system using the CRZ format. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 13(8):797–799
105.
go back to reference Mu RM, Menyuk CR (2002) Convergence of the chirped return-to-zero and dispersion managed soliton modulation formats in WDM systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(4):608–617 Mu RM, Menyuk CR (2002) Convergence of the chirped return-to-zero and dispersion managed soliton modulation formats in WDM systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(4):608–617
106.
go back to reference Mu RM, Yu T, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2000) Convergence of the CRZ and DMS formats in WDM systems using dispersion management. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper FC1, Baltimore, MD Mu RM, Yu T, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2000) Convergence of the CRZ and DMS formats in WDM systems using dispersion management. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper FC1, Baltimore, MD
107.
go back to reference Mu RM, Yu T, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2002) Dynamics of the chirped return-to-zero modulation format. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(1):47–57 Mu RM, Yu T, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2002) Dynamics of the chirped return-to-zero modulation format. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(1):47–57
108.
go back to reference Narimanov EE, Mitra P (2002) The channel capacity of a fiber optics communication system: perturbation theory. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(3):530–537 Narimanov EE, Mitra P (2002) The channel capacity of a fiber optics communication system: perturbation theory. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 20(3):530–537
109.
go back to reference Nelson LE, Jopson RM, Gnauk AH, Chraplyvy AR (1999) Resonances in cross-phase modulation impairment in wavelength-division-multiplexed lightwave transmission. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(7):907–909 Nelson LE, Jopson RM, Gnauk AH, Chraplyvy AR (1999) Resonances in cross-phase modulation impairment in wavelength-division-multiplexed lightwave transmission. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(7):907–909
110.
go back to reference Neokosmidis I, Kamalakis T, Chipouras A, Sphicopoulos T (2005) Estimation of the four-wave mixing noise probability-density function by the multicanonical Monte Carlo method. Opt Lett 30(1):11–13 Neokosmidis I, Kamalakis T, Chipouras A, Sphicopoulos T (2005) Estimation of the four-wave mixing noise probability-density function by the multicanonical Monte Carlo method. Opt Lett 30(1):11–13
111.
go back to reference Nijhof JHB, Doran NJ, Forysiak W, Knox FM (1997) Stable soliton-like propagation in dispersion managed systems with net anomalous, zero, and normal dispersion. Electron Lett 33(20):1726–1727 Nijhof JHB, Doran NJ, Forysiak W, Knox FM (1997) Stable soliton-like propagation in dispersion managed systems with net anomalous, zero, and normal dispersion. Electron Lett 33(20):1726–1727
112.
go back to reference Ogawa K, Tzeng LD, Park YK, Sano E (1997) Advances in high bit rate transmission systems. In: Kaminow IE, Koch TL (eds.) Optical fiber telecommunications, vol IIIA, chap 11, Academic, San Diego, pp 336–372 Ogawa K, Tzeng LD, Park YK, Sano E (1997) Advances in high bit rate transmission systems. In: Kaminow IE, Koch TL (eds.) Optical fiber telecommunications, vol IIIA, chap 11, Academic, San Diego, pp 336–372
113.
go back to reference Papoulis A (1991) Probability, random variables, and stochastic processes, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York Papoulis A (1991) Probability, random variables, and stochastic processes, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
114.
go back to reference Pellegrini W, Zweck J, Menyuk CR, Holzlöhner R (2005) Computation of bit error ratios for a dense WDM system using the noise covariance matrix and multicanonical Monte Carlo methods. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(8):1644–1646 Pellegrini W, Zweck J, Menyuk CR, Holzlöhner R (2005) Computation of bit error ratios for a dense WDM system using the noise covariance matrix and multicanonical Monte Carlo methods. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(8):1644–1646
115.
go back to reference Pilipetskii AN, Mazurczyk VJ, Chen CJ (1999) The effect of dispersion compensation on system performance when nonlinearities are important. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(2):284–286 Pilipetskii AN, Mazurczyk VJ, Chen CJ (1999) The effect of dispersion compensation on system performance when nonlinearities are important. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(2):284–286
116.
go back to reference Proakis JG (1995) Digital communications. McGraw-Hill, New York Proakis JG (1995) Digital communications. McGraw-Hill, New York
117.
go back to reference Risken H (1989) The Fokker–Planck equation, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Risken H (1989) The Fokker–Planck equation, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin
118.
go back to reference Schwartz L (1966) Théorie des distributions I. Hermann, Paris Schwartz L (1966) Théorie des distributions I. Hermann, Paris
119.
go back to reference Secondini M (2006) Optical communication theory and techniques for high bit-rate systems. Ph.D. thesis, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy Secondini M (2006) Optical communication theory and techniques for high bit-rate systems. Ph.D. thesis, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
120.
go back to reference Secondini M, Forestieri E, Menyuk CR (2006) A novel perturbation method for signal–noise interaction in nonlinear dispersive fibers. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper OthD3, Anaheim, CA Secondini M, Forestieri E, Menyuk CR (2006) A novel perturbation method for signal–noise interaction in nonlinear dispersive fibers. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper OthD3, Anaheim, CA
121.
go back to reference Shapiro EG, Fedoruk MP, Turitsyn SK (2001) Numerical estimate of BER in optical systems with strong patterning effects. Electron Lett 37(19):1179–1181 Shapiro EG, Fedoruk MP, Turitsyn SK (2001) Numerical estimate of BER in optical systems with strong patterning effects. Electron Lett 37(19):1179–1181
122.
go back to reference Shtaif M, Eiselt M (1998) Analysis of intensity interference caused by cross-phase modulation in dispersive optical fibers. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(7):979–981 Shtaif M, Eiselt M (1998) Analysis of intensity interference caused by cross-phase modulation in dispersive optical fibers. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 10(7):979–981
123.
go back to reference Sidje RB (1998) Expokit: A software package for computing matrix exponentials. ACM Trans Math Softw 24(1):130–156MATH Sidje RB (1998) Expokit: A software package for computing matrix exponentials. ACM Trans Math Softw 24(1):130–156MATH
124.
go back to reference Sinkin OV (2006) Calculation of bit error rates in optical fiber communications systems in the presence of nonlinear distortion and noise. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Sinkin OV (2006) Calculation of bit error rates in optical fiber communications systems in the presence of nonlinear distortion and noise. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
125.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Holzlöhner R, Kalra A, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2004) Calculation of error probability in WDM RZ systems in presence of bit-pattern-dependent nonlinearity and of noise. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper TuN4, Los Angeles, CA Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Holzlöhner R, Kalra A, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2004) Calculation of error probability in WDM RZ systems in presence of bit-pattern-dependent nonlinearity and of noise. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper TuN4, Los Angeles, CA
126.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2007) Accurate probabilistic treatment of bit-pattern-dependent nonlinear distortions in BER calculations for WDM RZ systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 25(10):2959–2968 Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2007) Accurate probabilistic treatment of bit-pattern-dependent nonlinear distortions in BER calculations for WDM RZ systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 25(10):2959–2968
127.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2006) Calculation of the bit-error ratio in wavelength-division-multiplexed return-to-zero systems when the nonlinear penalty is dominated by collision-induced timing jitter. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper JThB3, Anaheim, CA Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2006) Calculation of the bit-error ratio in wavelength-division-multiplexed return-to-zero systems when the nonlinear penalty is dominated by collision-induced timing jitter. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper JThB3, Anaheim, CA
128.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Zweck J, Menyuk CR, Docherty A, Ablowitz M (2005) Calculation, characterization, and application of the time shift function in wavelength-division-multiplexed return-to-zero systems. Opt Lett 30(16):2056–2058 Sinkin OV, Grigoryan VS, Zweck J, Menyuk CR, Docherty A, Ablowitz M (2005) Calculation, characterization, and application of the time shift function in wavelength-division-multiplexed return-to-zero systems. Opt Lett 30(16):2056–2058
129.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Holzlöhner R, Zweck J, Curtis CR (2003) Optimization of the split-step Fourier method in modeling optical fiber communications systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 21(1):61–68 Sinkin OV, Holzlöhner R, Zweck J, Curtis CR (2003) Optimization of the split-step Fourier method in modeling optical fiber communications systems. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 21(1):61–68
130.
go back to reference Sinkin OV, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2003) Effects of the nonlinearly-induced timing and amplitude jitter on the performance of different modulation formats in WDM optical fiber communications systems. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper TuF5, Atlanta, GA Sinkin OV, Zweck J, Menyuk CR (2003) Effects of the nonlinearly-induced timing and amplitude jitter on the performance of different modulation formats in WDM optical fiber communications systems. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper TuF5, Atlanta, GA
131.
go back to reference Smith NJ, Doran NJ, Forysiak W, Knox FM (1997) Soliton transmission using periodic dispersion compensation. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 15(10):1808–1822 Smith NJ, Doran NJ, Forysiak W, Knox FM (1997) Soliton transmission using periodic dispersion compensation. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 15(10):1808–1822
132.
go back to reference Smith NJ, Forysiak NJ, Doran W (1996) Reduced Gordon–Haus jitter due to enhanced power solitons in strongly dispersion managed systems. Electron Lett 32(22):2085–2086 Smith NJ, Forysiak NJ, Doran W (1996) Reduced Gordon–Haus jitter due to enhanced power solitons in strongly dispersion managed systems. Electron Lett 32(22):2085–2086
133.
go back to reference Strang G (1980) Linear algebra and its applications. Academic Publishing, New York Strang G (1980) Linear algebra and its applications. Academic Publishing, New York
134.
go back to reference Sugahara H, Kato H, Inoue T, Maruta A, Kodama Y (1999) Optimal dispersion management for a wavelength division multiplexed optical soliton transmission system. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(9):1547–1559 Sugahara H, Kato H, Inoue T, Maruta A, Kodama Y (1999) Optimal dispersion management for a wavelength division multiplexed optical soliton transmission system. IEEE/OSA J Lightwave Technol 17(9):1547–1559
135.
go back to reference Sugahara H, Maruta A, Kodama Y (1999) Optimal allocation of amplifiers in a dispersion-managed line for a wavelength-division-multiplexed soliton transmission system. Opt Lett 24(3):145–147 Sugahara H, Maruta A, Kodama Y (1999) Optimal allocation of amplifiers in a dispersion-managed line for a wavelength-division-multiplexed soliton transmission system. Opt Lett 24(3):145–147
136.
go back to reference Sun H, Wu KT, Roberts K (2008) Real-time measurements of a 40 Gb/s coherent system. Opt Express 16(2):873–879 Sun H, Wu KT, Roberts K (2008) Real-time measurements of a 40 Gb/s coherent system. Opt Express 16(2):873–879
137.
go back to reference Thiele HJ, Killey RI, Bayvel P (1999) Influence of transmission distance on XPM-induced intensity distortion in dispersion-managed, amplified fibre links. Electron Lett 35(5):408–409 Thiele HJ, Killey RI, Bayvel P (1999) Influence of transmission distance on XPM-induced intensity distortion in dispersion-managed, amplified fibre links. Electron Lett 35(5):408–409
138.
go back to reference Thiele HJ, Killey RI, Bayvel P (2000) Simple technique to determine cross-phase modulation induced penalties in WDM transmission. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper ThM2, Baltimore, MD Thiele HJ, Killey RI, Bayvel P (2000) Simple technique to determine cross-phase modulation induced penalties in WDM transmission. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper ThM2, Baltimore, MD
139.
go back to reference Tsuritani T, Agata A, Morita I, Edagawa N, Shigeyuki A (2004) Ultra-long-haul 40-Gbit/s-based DWDM transmission using optically prefiltered CS-RZ signals. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 10(2):403–411 Tsuritani T, Agata A, Morita I, Edagawa N, Shigeyuki A (2004) Ultra-long-haul 40-Gbit/s-based DWDM transmission using optically prefiltered CS-RZ signals. IEEE J Sel Topics Quant Electron 10(2):403–411
140.
go back to reference Turitsyn SK (1997) Theory of average pulse propagation in high bit rate optical transmission systems with strong dispersion. Lett J Exp Theor Phys 65(11):845–850 Turitsyn SK (1997) Theory of average pulse propagation in high bit rate optical transmission systems with strong dispersion. Lett J Exp Theor Phys 65(11):845–850
141.
go back to reference Turitsyn SK, Shapiro EG (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons in optical amplifier transmission systems with zero average dispersion. Opt Lett 23(9):682–684 Turitsyn SK, Shapiro EG (1998) Dispersion-managed solitons in optical amplifier transmission systems with zero average dispersion. Opt Lett 23(9):682–684
142.
go back to reference Vaa M, Bakhshi B, Golovchenko EA, Chai Y, Heismann F, Li H, Arend M, Patterson WW, Simons AL, Harvey GT, Maybach RL, Bergano N (2001) Demonstration of a \(640\,\hbox{Gbit/s} \times 7\text{,}000\, \hbox{km}\) submarine transmission system technology ready for field deployment. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper WF5, Anaheim, CA Vaa M, Bakhshi B, Golovchenko EA, Chai Y, Heismann F, Li H, Arend M, Patterson WW, Simons AL, Harvey GT, Maybach RL, Bergano N (2001) Demonstration of a \(640\,\hbox{Gbit/s} \times 7\text{,}000\, \hbox{km}\) submarine transmission system technology ready for field deployment. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper WF5, Anaheim, CA
143.
go back to reference Veach E (1997) Robust Monte Carlo methods for light transport simulations. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, USA Veach E (1997) Robust Monte Carlo methods for light transport simulations. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
144.
go back to reference Yadin Y, Shtaif M, Orenstein M (2005) Bit-error rate of optical DPSK in fiber systems by multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(6):1355–1357 Yadin Y, Shtaif M, Orenstein M (2005) Bit-error rate of optical DPSK in fiber systems by multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 17(6):1355–1357
145.
go back to reference Yang TS, Kath WL, Evangelides Jr SG (1999) Optimal prechirping for dispersion-managed transmission of return-to-zero pulses. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper ThQ4, Washington, DC Yang TS, Kath WL, Evangelides Jr SG (1999) Optimal prechirping for dispersion-managed transmission of return-to-zero pulses. In: Proceedings of IEEE/OSA optical fiber communication conference (OFC), paper ThQ4, Washington, DC
146.
go back to reference Yevick D (2002) Multicanonical communication system modeling—application to PMD statistics. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(11):1512–1514 Yevick D (2002) Multicanonical communication system modeling—application to PMD statistics. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 14(11):1512–1514
147.
go back to reference Yu T, Mu RM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (1999) Energy enhancement of dispersion-managed solitons in optical fiber transmission systems with lumped amplifiers. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(12):75–77 Yu T, Mu RM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (1999) Energy enhancement of dispersion-managed solitons in optical fiber transmission systems with lumped amplifiers. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 11(12):75–77
148.
go back to reference Yu T, Reimer WM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2000) A mean field approach for simulating wavelength-division multiplexed systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(4):443–445 Yu T, Reimer WM, Grigoryan VS, Menyuk CR (2000) A mean field approach for simulating wavelength-division multiplexed systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 12(4):443–445
Metadata
Title
Semianalytical Models for Network Performance Evaluation
Authors
Ronald Holzlöhner
Oleg V. Sinkin
Vladimir S. Grigoryan
Copyright Year
2012
Publisher
Springer New York
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1093-5_4