Simulation Modelling for Urban Transport Infrastructure Optimization in Ukraine

The chapter delves into the critical role of transport systems in economic and social development, particularly during times of conflict. It highlights the severe issues within Ukraine's road infrastructure, marked by persistent traffic congestion and a rising number of road accidents, which are further exacerbated during wartime. The chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of Ukraine's roads, with a focus on the most congested cities and the factors contributing to traffic build-up. It introduces simulation modeling as a powerful tool for optimizing transport systems, enabling detailed virtual replicas of transport networks for precise analysis and optimization. The study focuses on a problematic interchange in Kyiv, using the AnyLogic simulation software to develop a digital twin and test optimization scenarios. The research identifies key causes of congestion and proposes two primary optimization strategies: adjusting traffic light phases and implementing a controlled Y-shaped intersection. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in traffic flow efficiency, with a notable increase in throughput capacity and a reduction in average vehicle travel time. The chapter underscores the potential of simulation modeling for enhancing transport infrastructure efficiency, particularly in regions facing significant traffic challenges and financial constraints, and its crucial role in wartime logistics and post-war recovery efforts.