Spatial and Temporal Variability of Water Quality and Optimization of Pollution Monitoring Networks in the Upper Volga River Basin

On the basis of spatial and temporal series of routine and automated measurements the structure of variability of physical and chemical parameters were investigated. Spectral analysis of water quality identified a number of harmonics according to long-term and short-term temporal variations. All the seasons had a typical and complex form of spectral functions in respect to synoptical, diurnal, semi-diurnal and short-period harmonics. Spatial variability of aquatic systems was examined also by spectral and in additionally by cluster analysis. The spatial differences are largely related to the morphometry of reservoirs. On these approaches the techniques were developed for aquatic quality monitoring with spatial-temporality resolutions of networks.