Stability Analysis of Gabion Revetment for River Bank Protection Based on Field Investigation

Gabion structures are wire cages or baskets filled with rocks, stacked in rows, and commonly used in Nepal for roadside construction, river flood management, and landslide control. Flood events in Nepal cause significant property damage and loss of life annually, and gabions are highly effective for flood control and riverbank protection. This study conducted field investigation in different gabions such as Japanese gabion practices, and a mixed version combining both methods. The goal was to assess the stability and effectiveness of different gabion types. Findings indicated that while the improved mixed gabion method showed slightly more deformation than the Japanese method, it remained stable under external forces like river flow and earth pressure, making it suitable for riverbank protection in developing countries. The study also emphasized the importance of proper design and installation practices, such as correct base foundation installation, standardized gabion design, launching aprons, and use of geotextiles. These elements are particularly crucial following flood events, as soft foundations and bed scouring can undermine gabion stability. Properly implementing these components can significantly enhance gabion structures’ long-term durability and effectiveness.