Statistical fluctuation analysis for decoy-state quantum secure direct communication

The article delves into the statistical fluctuation analysis for decoy-state quantum secure direct communication, a method that allows direct transmission of messages through quantum channels. It compares two key statistical analysis methods—Gaussian analysis and Chernoff bound—and demonstrates how optimizing parameters can significantly enhance the secrecy capacity of these systems. The study simulates a practical experimental setup and provides numerical results, highlighting the impact of data size on the accuracy of parameter estimation. The findings are crucial for advancing the practical implementation of quantum secure direct communication protocols.