Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 6/2020

29-01-2020 | Original Paper

Strength deterioration model of remolded loess contaminated with acid and alkali solution under freeze-thaw cycles

Authors: Shuocheng Zhang, Hua Liu, Wenhua Chen, Fujun Niu, Zelin Niu

Published in: Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment | Issue 6/2020

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The development of seasonal frozen region made the problems of soil pollution more complex. The shear strength characteristics of remolded loess are throughout investigated by direct shear tests with different concentrations of acid and alkali solution and are illustrated by the phenomena of the strength deterioration, which takes the freeze-thaw cycles into consideration. The experiment results show that the freeze-thaw cycle will cause the strength deterioration of soil, although the strength of soil has increased due to the pollution. The different type and adding order of solution will have a different impact on the strength deterioration when soil is under the freeze-thaw cycle. Moreover, the deterioration coefficient of internal friction angle (Kφ) does not change regularly with the increase of the freeze-thaw cycles, and it fluctuates up and down in a small area which does not change a lot. The deterioration coefficient of cohesion (Kc) changes regularly with the increase of the freeze-thaw cycles under all polluted conditions. The type, the adding order, and the concentration of solution all have an effect on the Kc. Strength deterioration model of remolded loess contaminated with acid and alkali solution under freeze-thaw cycles accords with an exponential function.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Al-Sanad H, Eid WK, Ismael NF (1955) Geotechnical properties of oil-contaminated Kuwaiti sand. J Geotech Geoenviron 121(5):407–412 Al-Sanad H, Eid WK, Ismael NF (1955) Geotechnical properties of oil-contaminated Kuwaiti sand. J Geotech Geoenviron 121(5):407–412
go back to reference Alsherif NA, McCartney JS (2015) Thermal behavior of unsaturated silt at high suction magnitudes. Géotechnique 65(9):703–716CrossRef Alsherif NA, McCartney JS (2015) Thermal behavior of unsaturated silt at high suction magnitudes. Géotechnique 65(9):703–716CrossRef
go back to reference Assallay AM, Rogers CDF, Smalley IJ (1997) Formation and collapse of metastable particle packings and open structures in loess deposits. Eng Geol 48(1–2):101–115CrossRef Assallay AM, Rogers CDF, Smalley IJ (1997) Formation and collapse of metastable particle packings and open structures in loess deposits. Eng Geol 48(1–2):101–115CrossRef
go back to reference Bing H, He P (2011) Experimental investigations on the influence of cyclical freezing and thawing on physical and mechanical properties of saline soil. Environ Earth Sci 64(2):431–436CrossRef Bing H, He P (2011) Experimental investigations on the influence of cyclical freezing and thawing on physical and mechanical properties of saline soil. Environ Earth Sci 64(2):431–436CrossRef
go back to reference Boixadera J, Poch RM, Lowick SE et al (2015) Loess and soils in the eastern Ebro Basin. Quat Int 376:114–133CrossRef Boixadera J, Poch RM, Lowick SE et al (2015) Loess and soils in the eastern Ebro Basin. Quat Int 376:114–133CrossRef
go back to reference Breen C, Madejová J, Komadel P (1995) Characterisation of moderately acid-treated, size-fractionated montmorillonites using IR and MAS NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. J Mater Chem 5(3):469–474 Breen C, Madejová J, Komadel P (1995) Characterisation of moderately acid-treated, size-fractionated montmorillonites using IR and MAS NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. J Mater Chem 5(3):469–474
go back to reference Costantini EAC, Carnicelli S, Sauer D et al (2018) Loess in Italy: genesis, characteristics and occurrence. Catena 168:14–33CrossRef Costantini EAC, Carnicelli S, Sauer D et al (2018) Loess in Italy: genesis, characteristics and occurrence. Catena 168:14–33CrossRef
go back to reference Estabragh AR, Beytolahpour I, Moradi M, Javadi AA (2014) Consolidation behavior oftwo fine-grained soils contaminated by glycerol and ethanol. Eng Geol 178:102–108CrossRef Estabragh AR, Beytolahpour I, Moradi M, Javadi AA (2014) Consolidation behavior oftwo fine-grained soils contaminated by glycerol and ethanol. Eng Geol 178:102–108CrossRef
go back to reference Gates WP, Anderson JS, Raven MD, Churchman GJ (2002) Mineralogy of a bentonite from miles, Queensland, Australia and characterisation of its acid activation products. Appl Clay Sci 20(4–5):189–197CrossRef Gates WP, Anderson JS, Raven MD, Churchman GJ (2002) Mineralogy of a bentonite from miles, Queensland, Australia and characterisation of its acid activation products. Appl Clay Sci 20(4–5):189–197CrossRef
go back to reference Hassanlourad M, Khatami MH, Ahmadi MM (2017) Effects of sulphuric acid pollutant on the shear behavior and strength of sandy soil and sand mixed with bentonite clay. Int J Geotech Eng 11(2):114–119 Hassanlourad M, Khatami MH, Ahmadi MM (2017) Effects of sulphuric acid pollutant on the shear behavior and strength of sandy soil and sand mixed with bentonite clay. Int J Geotech Eng 11(2):114–119
go back to reference Hu Y, Wang D, Wei L, Song B (2014) Heavy metal contamination of urban top soils in a typical region of loess plateau, China. J Soils Sediments 14(5):928–935CrossRef Hu Y, Wang D, Wei L, Song B (2014) Heavy metal contamination of urban top soils in a typical region of loess plateau, China. J Soils Sediments 14(5):928–935CrossRef
go back to reference Hu G, Zhao L, Wu X, Li R, Wu T, Xie C, Qiao Y, Cheng G (2016) Comparison of different soil temperature algorithms in permafrost regions of Qinghai–Xizang (Tibet) plateau of China. Cold Reg Sci Technol 130:1–7CrossRef Hu G, Zhao L, Wu X, Li R, Wu T, Xie C, Qiao Y, Cheng G (2016) Comparison of different soil temperature algorithms in permafrost regions of Qinghai–Xizang (Tibet) plateau of China. Cold Reg Sci Technol 130:1–7CrossRef
go back to reference Juang CH, Dijkstra T, Wasowski J et al (2019) Loess geohazards research in China: advances and challenges for mega engineering projects. Eng Geol 251(9):1–10CrossRef Juang CH, Dijkstra T, Wasowski J et al (2019) Loess geohazards research in China: advances and challenges for mega engineering projects. Eng Geol 251(9):1–10CrossRef
go back to reference Li GY, Ma W, Mu YH et al (2017) Effect of freeze-thaw cycle on engineering properties of loess used as road fills in seasonally frozen ground regions, North China. J Mt Sci 14(2):356–368CrossRef Li GY, Ma W, Mu YH et al (2017) Effect of freeze-thaw cycle on engineering properties of loess used as road fills in seasonally frozen ground regions, North China. J Mt Sci 14(2):356–368CrossRef
go back to reference Li G, Wang F, Ma W, Fortier R, Mu Y, Mao Y (2018) Variations in strength and deformation of compacted loess exposed to wetting-drying and freeze-thaw cycles. Cold Reg Sci Technol Li G, Wang F, Ma W, Fortier R, Mu Y, Mao Y (2018) Variations in strength and deformation of compacted loess exposed to wetting-drying and freeze-thaw cycles. Cold Reg Sci Technol
go back to reference Liu H, Niu FJ, Niu YH et al (2012) Experimental and numerical investigation on temperature characteristics of high-speed railway’s embankment in seasonal frozen regions. Cold Reg Sci Technol 81:55–64CrossRef Liu H, Niu FJ, Niu YH et al (2012) Experimental and numerical investigation on temperature characteristics of high-speed railway’s embankment in seasonal frozen regions. Cold Reg Sci Technol 81:55–64CrossRef
go back to reference Modmoltin C (2002) Mechanical properties and microstructure of lime and cement stabilized alike clays. Saga University, Saga Modmoltin C (2002) Mechanical properties and microstructure of lime and cement stabilized alike clays. Saga University, Saga
go back to reference Ng CWW, Mu QY, Zhou C (2017) Effects of soil structure on the shear behavior of an unsaturated loess at different suctions and temperatures. Can Geotech J 54(2):270–279 Ng CWW, Mu QY, Zhou C (2017) Effects of soil structure on the shear behavior of an unsaturated loess at different suctions and temperatures. Can Geotech J 54(2):270–279
go back to reference Önal M (2007) Swelling and cation exchange capacity relationship for the samples obtained from a bentonite by acid activations and heat treatments. Appl Clay Sci 37(1–2):74–80CrossRef Önal M (2007) Swelling and cation exchange capacity relationship for the samples obtained from a bentonite by acid activations and heat treatments. Appl Clay Sci 37(1–2):74–80CrossRef
go back to reference Önal M, Sarıkaya Y (2007) Preparation and characterization of acid-activated bentonite powders. Powder Technol 172(1):14–18CrossRef Önal M, Sarıkaya Y (2007) Preparation and characterization of acid-activated bentonite powders. Powder Technol 172(1):14–18CrossRef
go back to reference Peng JB, Qi SW, Williams A et al (2018) Preface to the special issue on “loess engineering properties and loess geohazards”. Eng Geol 236(6):1–3CrossRef Peng JB, Qi SW, Williams A et al (2018) Preface to the special issue on “loess engineering properties and loess geohazards”. Eng Geol 236(6):1–3CrossRef
go back to reference Qi J, Vermeer PA, Cheng G (2006) A review of the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on soil geotechnical properties. Permafr Periglac Process 17(3):245–252CrossRef Qi J, Vermeer PA, Cheng G (2006) A review of the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on soil geotechnical properties. Permafr Periglac Process 17(3):245–252CrossRef
go back to reference Qi J, Ma W, Song C (2008) Influence of freeze–thaw on engineering properties of a silty soil. Cold Reg Sci Technol 53:397–404CrossRef Qi J, Ma W, Song C (2008) Influence of freeze–thaw on engineering properties of a silty soil. Cold Reg Sci Technol 53:397–404CrossRef
go back to reference Ratnaweera P, Meegoda J (2006) Shear strength and stress-strain behavior of contaminated soils. Geotech Test J 29:133–140 Ratnaweera P, Meegoda J (2006) Shear strength and stress-strain behavior of contaminated soils. Geotech Test J 29:133–140
go back to reference Rogers CDF, Dijkstra TA, Smalley IJ (1994) Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess: studies from China, Russia, North America and Europe. Eng Geol 37(2):83–113CrossRef Rogers CDF, Dijkstra TA, Smalley IJ (1994) Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess: studies from China, Russia, North America and Europe. Eng Geol 37(2):83–113CrossRef
go back to reference Safehian H, Rajabi AM, Ghasemzadeh H (2018) Effect of diesel-contamination on geotechnical properties of illite soil. Eng Geol 241:55–63CrossRef Safehian H, Rajabi AM, Ghasemzadeh H (2018) Effect of diesel-contamination on geotechnical properties of illite soil. Eng Geol 241:55–63CrossRef
go back to reference Spagnoli G, Sridharan A, Oreste P, Di Matteo L (2017) A probabilistic approach for the assessment of the influence of the dielectric constant of pore fluids on the liquid limit of smectite and kaolinite. Appl Clay Sci 145:37–43CrossRef Spagnoli G, Sridharan A, Oreste P, Di Matteo L (2017) A probabilistic approach for the assessment of the influence of the dielectric constant of pore fluids on the liquid limit of smectite and kaolinite. Appl Clay Sci 145:37–43CrossRef
go back to reference Sunil BM, Nayak S, Shrihari S (2006) Effect of pH on the geotechnical properties of laterite. Eng Geol 85(1–2):197–203 Sunil BM, Nayak S, Shrihari S (2006) Effect of pH on the geotechnical properties of laterite. Eng Geol 85(1–2):197–203
go back to reference Sunil BM, Shrihari S, Nayak S (2009) Shear strength characteristics and chemical characteristics of leachate-contaminated lateritic soil. Eng Geol 106(1–2):20–25CrossRef Sunil BM, Shrihari S, Nayak S (2009) Shear strength characteristics and chemical characteristics of leachate-contaminated lateritic soil. Eng Geol 106(1–2):20–25CrossRef
go back to reference Trzciński J, Williams DJ, Żbik MS (2015) Can hydrocarbon contamination influence clay soil grain size composition? Appl Clay Sci 109–110:49–54CrossRef Trzciński J, Williams DJ, Żbik MS (2015) Can hydrocarbon contamination influence clay soil grain size composition? Appl Clay Sci 109–110:49–54CrossRef
go back to reference Uchaipichat A, Khalili N (2009) Experimental investigation of thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of an unsaturated silt. Géotechnique 59(4):339–353CrossRef Uchaipichat A, Khalili N (2009) Experimental investigation of thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of an unsaturated silt. Géotechnique 59(4):339–353CrossRef
go back to reference Wallis PJ, Gates WP, Patti AF, Scot JL, Teoh E (2007) Assessing and improving the catalytic activity of K-10 montmorillonite. Green Chem 9:1–8CrossRef Wallis PJ, Gates WP, Patti AF, Scot JL, Teoh E (2007) Assessing and improving the catalytic activity of K-10 montmorillonite. Green Chem 9:1–8CrossRef
go back to reference Xu L, Coop MR (2017) The mechanics of a saturated silty loess with a transitional mode. Geotechnique 67(7):581–596CrossRef Xu L, Coop MR (2017) The mechanics of a saturated silty loess with a transitional mode. Geotechnique 67(7):581–596CrossRef
go back to reference Xv J, Wang S, Wang Z, Long J, Yuan J (2018) Heat transfer and water migration in loess slopes during freeze-thaw cycling in northern Shaanxi, China. Int J Civ Eng 16(4):1–15 Xv J, Wang S, Wang Z, Long J, Yuan J (2018) Heat transfer and water migration in loess slopes during freeze-thaw cycling in northern Shaanxi, China. Int J Civ Eng 16(4):1–15
go back to reference Zhang Z, Pendin VV (2010) Transformations of morainic clays in repeated freezing-thawing. Proc Higher Educ Establishments Geol Explor 2010:58–63 (in Russian) Zhang Z, Pendin VV (2010) Transformations of morainic clays in repeated freezing-thawing. Proc Higher Educ Establishments Geol Explor 2010:58–63 (in Russian)
go back to reference Zhang Z, Ma W, Zhang ZQ, Li B, Yao XL (2012) Application of spherical template indenter to long-term strength tests for frozen soil. Rock Soil Mech 33(11):3516–3520 Zhang Z, Ma W, Zhang ZQ, Li B, Yao XL (2012) Application of spherical template indenter to long-term strength tests for frozen soil. Rock Soil Mech 33(11):3516–3520
go back to reference Zhang Z, Roman LT, Ma W, Feng W, Zhao S (2016) The freeze–thaw cycles-time analogy method for forecasting long-term frozen soil strength. Measurement 92:483–488CrossRef Zhang Z, Roman LT, Ma W, Feng W, Zhao S (2016) The freeze–thaw cycles-time analogy method for forecasting long-term frozen soil strength. Measurement 92:483–488CrossRef
go back to reference Zhou ZW, Ma W, Zhang S, Mu Y, Li G (2018) Effect of freeze-thaw cycles in mechanical behaviors of frozen loess. Cold Reg Sci Technol 146:9–18CrossRef Zhou ZW, Ma W, Zhang S, Mu Y, Li G (2018) Effect of freeze-thaw cycles in mechanical behaviors of frozen loess. Cold Reg Sci Technol 146:9–18CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Strength deterioration model of remolded loess contaminated with acid and alkali solution under freeze-thaw cycles
Authors
Shuocheng Zhang
Hua Liu
Wenhua Chen
Fujun Niu
Zelin Niu
Publication date
29-01-2020
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment / Issue 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1435-9529
Electronic ISSN: 1435-9537
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-019-01721-w

Other articles of this Issue 6/2020

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 6/2020 Go to the issue