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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Summary of the Papers and Relevance of Mixed Methods for Resourcing the Commons

Authors : Janet McIntyre-Mills, Norma R. A. Romm

Published in: Democracy and Governance for Resourcing the Commons

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The aim of the research underpinning the two companion volumes, subtitled ‘We are the land and the waters’ and ‘Getting lost in the city’, is to develop a new paradigm for reconstructing a sense of political community within and beyond the nation state. The focus will be on democratic and governance theory and practice to protect the commons.

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previous chapter Correction to: Policy Design for Vocational Pathways to Protect Biodiversity and Regenerate the Land
next chapter Getting Lost in the City and Implications for Food, Energy and Water Security: Towards Non-anthropocentric Rural-Urban Governance
Footnotes
1
07/15/2011 ‘I am always trying to figure out how to explain the idea of the commons to newcomers who find it hard to grasp. In preparation for a talk that I gave at the Caux Forum for Human Security, near Montreux, Switzerland, I came up with a fairly short overview, which I have copied below…:http://​www.​bollier.​org/​commons-short-and-sweet’.
 
2
The paper by McIntyre-Mills focuses on mixed methods at the intersection of demographics and ecological humanities for enhancing social and environmental justice. In Vol. 1, ‘We are the land’, Janet McIntyre-Mills addresses metaphors and praxis for weaving together strands of experience. It extends the concept of ‘wellbeing stocks’, developed by Stiglitz et al. (2010: 15) to refer to dynamic ways of working with others.
 
5
We spend research efforts on narrowly defined areas that are defined by gatekeepers who represent short termism and the 1%. The terms of reference need to be widened. Fighting over whether to fund submarine development in Adelaide is one example of the challenge for defence. The focus needs to be on human security and prevention of cascading social, economic and environmental challenges. In July 2017 I attended a European Commission workshop in Adelaide attended by senior public sector researchers and military strategists. The event was opened by the Danish Ambassador to Australia with the statement that he stressed to his grandchildren that they should not have children as by 2050 life could be too stressful. Adelaide and Copenhagen are friendly rivals to become carbon neutral by 2020. More cities need to take up this challenge. The aim of my research is to explore ways to narrow the gap between the life chances across the diverse stakeholders within nation states, respective of whether they are citizens of a nation state or not. Most of my work to date has made a case for giving a voice to the voiceless and addressing the social, economic and environmental life changes of all generations by understanding our interdependency as part of an overall living system.
 
9
This workshop is linked with partnership development in Indonesia. UNPAD (University of Padjadjaran) is co-hosting the symposium that follows.
 
10
In Indonesia the rate of urbanisation is faster than other Asian countries: According to the World Bank: ‘Indonesia is undergoing a historic transformation from a rural to an urban economy. The country’s cities are growing faster than in other Asian countries at a rate of 4.1% per year. By 2025—in less than 10 years—Indonesia can expect to have 68% of its population living in cities’. http://​www.​worldbank.​org/​en/​news/​feature/​2016/​06/​14/​indonesia-urban-story.
 
13
This is explored in the paper McIntyre-Mills, J with Wirawan, R, Widianingsih, I and members of the Indonesian Diaspora - Escaping the iron cage: Joining up the social, economic and environmental policy dots in West Java by applying critical systemic thinking: freeing the Luwaks. The case is made for fostering non-anthropocentric approaches to ethical development. The fertilisation of the land by free-ranging civet cats (known as luwaks) is a synecdoche for the need to protect environmental approaches that protect living systems.
 
15
Women and children are particularly vulnerable to exploitation after natural disasters. Conceptually and methodologically, the research is at the intersection of ecological humanities, multispecies ethnography informed by a critical reading of sociology and anthropology of development (Sen 2003, 2005) and capabilities studies (Nussbaum 2011). Transformation from Wall Street to Wellbeing (McIntyre-Mills and Binchai 2014) stresses the importance of rethinking economics in terms of organic and inorganic relationships across living systems (including sentient beings, non-sentient beings and our shared habitat on which we depend). This is elaborated clearly as follows: ‘Let us try to think “economy” not as a unified system or a domain of being but as diverse processes and interrelations through which we (human and more than human) constitutes livelihoods. “Economy” (oikos-habitat; nomos-negotiation of order) might then become a conceptual frame or theoretical entry point through which to explore the diverse specificities of livelihood creation by a population (members of the same species) or a community (multi-species assemblage)’. (Gibson-Graham and Miller 2015: 12).
 
17
The focus is on how to reinvigorate employment opportunities by enabling people to express their ideas. Complex policy decisions to support employment need to be made by better informed people at the local level. The dialogue aims to open up a conversation that respects our interdependency on living systems. We have been invited by the Rector of UNPAD to help foster movement towards achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals and to emphasise ways to promote social and environmental justice through fostering job creation. The research aims to consider practical responses to address complex problems that comprise many interrelated variables and are perceived differently by stakeholders with different values, different life experiences and different life expectancies. Moreover, we strive to identify pathways towards ethical vocational education to enable lifelong engagement by active citizens which requires action learning to address areas of perceived policy concern.
 
18
To what extent is there: A divide and rule approach?, Exclusion of subjects from participation, Might is right approach?, Reduction of complexity, Limiting the terms of reference, To what extent is a problem constructed in a way that is in the interests of the entrenched power elites? See https://​www.​youtube.​com/​watch?​v=​qp3Ktlfy0Hw&​app=​desktop; https://​www.​youtube.​com/​watch?​v=​suSbvoAw0g4.
What does Deborah Bird Rose mean by the colonisation of the land and the mind?
 
19
The 12 questions are detailed in chapters 1in Vols. 1 and 2.
 
21
Both a priori norms to guide development and a posteriori consideration to measure the performance of the UN Sustainable Development Goals are needed to protect sentient beings and their habitat. The notion of virtuous living needs to be explored in terms of:
  • A priori norms are guided by accepted rules of behaviour.
  • A posteriori indicators and measures of performance. Both are needed in order to guide practices and to hold people and their elected government representatives to account.
 
22
In the Cape the lack of infrastructure, particularly water, to meet the needs of people is discussed in more detail in Chap. 4.
 
23
The focus is on exploring ways to regenerate and invigorate employment opportunities by enabling people to express their ideas. The symposium topic is ‘Addressing unemployment with particular reference to those left behind in the current economy (particularly women and young people) to explore the potential of new alternatives such as the so-called Cascade, Blue Economy Approach by Gunter Pauli (known as Sustainability version 2). There are many definitions of blue economy. We extend the meaning as outlined by Gunter Pauli to emphasise opportunities to enhance social and environmental justice.
 
24
Chairperson of Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/Associate Prof at Public Administration Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
25
Senior researcher of Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/Associate Prof at Anthropology Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
26
Senior researcher of Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/Associate Prof at Social Welfare Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
27
Senior researcher of Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/Associate Prof at Economic Development Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
28
Student of Public Administration Department, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
29
Lecturer at Public Administration Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
30
Student at Post Graduate Program in Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Corresponding author: diny16001@mail.unpad.ac.id.
 
31
Chairperson of Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/ Associate Prof at Public Administration Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
 
32
Senior Researcher at Center for Decentralization and participatory Development Research, Faculty of Social and Politial Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung/ Associate Professor at Anthropology Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
 
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Metadata
Title
Summary of the Papers and Relevance of Mixed Methods for Resourcing the Commons
Authors
Janet McIntyre-Mills
Norma R. A. Romm
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Book
Democracy and Governance for Resourcing the Commons

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04890-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-04891-4

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04891-4_1