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2018 | Book

Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

Superplasticity

Common Basis for a Near-Ubiquitous Phenomenon

Authors: K. A. Padmanabhan, Prof. Dr. S. Balasivanandha Prabu, Dr. R. R. Mulyukov, Dr. Ayrat Nazarov, Dr. R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Book Series : Engineering Materials

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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About this book

This book combines the perspectives of materials science of Superplasticity, on the one hand, and those of design and mechanics, on the other, in order to provide a holistic view of materials, design, mechanics and performance which will lead to useful solutions of societal benefits, in addition to providing great intellectual challenges. After considering the experimental evidence for superplasticity in different classes of materials, the book discusses the physics-based models, along with their advantages and limitations. Then, the analyses for superplastic forming available in the framework of continuum mechanics, finite element analysis and numerical simulations are presented. Finally, the authors highlight some successful industrial applications.

This book is recommended as a text book for courses on Superplasticity and as supplementary use for courses on Materials Processing, Manufacturing, High Temperature Deformation, Nanotechnology and Mechanical Behavior of Materials. Persons working in Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Physics, Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Metallurgy, Ceramics and Geo-sciences are likely to find the book to be useful. It is also recommended as a reference source for practicing engineers involved in the design, processing and manufacture of industrial components, which exploit the unique properties associated with superplastic materials.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Superplasticity is the ability of materials, e.g. metals and alloys, ceramics, intermetallics, metal-/ceramic-matrix composites, dispersion-strengthened alloys, nanostructured materials, and bulk metallic glasses, to undergo near-neck-free tensile elongation of several hundred percent when subjected to a small stress within certain strain rate and temperature ranges.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 2. Mechanics of Superplastic Deformation and Assessment of Superplastic Behavior
Abstract
Scientific investigations on Superplasticity started with the works of Bengough [494], the scientists at the old Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin and Pearson [28], all from the early years of the twentieth century.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 3. Structural Superplasticity in Relatively Lower Melting Alloys: Experimental
Abstract
A majority of superplastic alloys require suitable thermo-mechanical processing to develop a microstructure conducive to superplastic deformation [11,13,14]. Several processing routes, including severe plastic deformation techniques, result in ultrafine grained (UFG) and nano-structured (NS) materials. Friction-stir processing (FSP) is one of the well-studied promising techniques. For convenience, superplasticity in different classes of materials is grouped based on the melting temperature of the alloys. In this chapter superplasticity in relatively lower melting temperature materials such as Tin–Lead alloys (model materials), Zinc–Aluminium alloys (first commercial superplastic alloy), Mg alloys (mostly in development), and Aluminium alloys (used in industry for decades) are discussed. The methods used to improve superplastic response are discussed. Structural superplasticity in higher melting materials is discussed in later chapters.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 4. Structural Superplasticity in Relatively Higher Melting Temperature Materials—Experimental
Abstract
Structural superplasticity in relatively higher melting temperature materials such as Titanium alloys, Steels and Ni based alloys is discussed in this chapter.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 5. Structual Superplasticity in Intermetallics and Ceramics—Experimental
Abstract
Like conventional alloys, usually brittle intermetallic alloys (TiAl, Ti3Al, Ni3Al etc.) in a fine-grained condition under a certain temperature-strain rate intervals display superplastic behavior [994–1003]. Phenomenological features like high elongation, low flow stress, high strain-rate sensitivity index and deformation mechanisms were found to be similar to those found in conventional superplastic alloys. The influence of grain size on superplastic deformation temperature in intermetallic alloys was also similar to that of conventional superplastic alloys. In particular, a decrease in grain size down to d ~ 100 nm leads to a significant decrease in the homologous temperature of superplastic deformation [995, 1001]. At the same time, there are some differences as well. One of them is the higher superplastic deformation temperatures, which are normally higher than 0.7Tm against the range of 0.3–0.5Tm for conventional alloys [994, 996, 1000–1003]. Other features observed in the intermetallic alloys are dynamic recrystalization present in the course of superplastic deformation [994, 995, 1004] and a strong negative role of “special” grain boundaries, which can suppress superplastic flow (which is similar to observations concerning conventional alloys, e.g. Al-Li alloys).
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 6. Environmental Superplasticity
Abstract
Environmental superplasticity is demonstrated in polycrystalline materials that experience an anisotropic dimensional change in specific environment conditions [1].
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 7. Superplasticity in Geological Materials, Ice, Bulk Metallic Glasses and Some Exotic Materials
Abstract
The “superplasticity-like” behavior of geological materials, i.e. minerals, combinations of minerals, spinels, rocks etc., polycrystalline ice, amorphous materials (bulk metallic glasses) and some exotic materials like hydroxyapatite and CNT is discussed in this chapter.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 8. Theories of Superplasticity
Abstract
Theories of superplasticity are reviewed in this chapter in the following order. (a) Theories of structural superplasticity, (b) Theories of environmental/transformation superplasticity. The theories proposed from the former Soviet Union during 1945–1962 are often referred to as the early theories and those propounded since the mid-1960s are known to as the modern theories.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Chapter 9. Superplastic Forming, Analyses and Industrial Applications
Abstract
Forming operations can be grouped into two broad categories, namely,
(i)
Techniques derived from thermoplastics forming processes, and
 
(ii)
Techniques adapted from conventional metal working procedures.
 
The processes and procedures may also be classified as (a) macro-forming (bulk changes in shape) and micro-forming, or (b) bulk and sheet metal forming. Detailed descriptions of each of the processes, and their analyses based on mechanics, are presented first. This is followed by a summary of the industrial applications.
K. A. Padmanabhan, S. Balasivanandha Prabu, R. R. Mulyukov, Ayrat Nazarov, R. M. Imayev, S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Superplasticity
Authors
K. A. Padmanabhan
Prof. Dr. S. Balasivanandha Prabu
Dr. R. R. Mulyukov
Dr. Ayrat Nazarov
Dr. R. M. Imayev
S. Ghosh Chowdhury
Copyright Year
2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-642-31957-0
Print ISBN
978-3-642-31956-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31957-0

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