3. Sustainable Approach for Agriculture and Environmental Remediation Using Hydroponics and Their Perspectives

Agriculture and the use of land were inextricably linked to human existence in the natural world during the evolution of society. Human involvement was not limited to the manufacturing of agricultural products but additionally included the creation of many different kinds of industrial-made items, mining, and the use of fossil fuels as a conventional technique of generating energy. However, increased urbanization has contributed to the loss of the natural world over the last several years. The demand for the advancement of new agricultural methods is constant and continuously a warm topic, especially in light of the many challenges that traditional farming faces. These problems have been solved by the novel advancement technique known as hydroponics. Hydroponics is a technique of cultivating crops that do not require soil and they grow the plant using solutions of minerals and nutrients in an aquatic solvent. Hydroponic cultivation has also been utilized for environmental remediation. Hydroponic systems are designed to eliminate pollutants from water or soil and are used to grow plants. The present study has focused on hydroponics systems for sustainable agriculture and environmental clean-up. In this article, we also discuss the current challenges for hydroponics and their future opportunities.