Sustainable Development in Economics, Technology and Environmental Engineering

Table of Contents

1. Frontmatter

2. Digital Transformation of the Economy

   1. Frontmatter

   2. Strategic Directions of Ukraine’s Economic Recovery in the Conditions of Digitalization

      Emiliia Рrushkivska, Iryna Maksymenko, Volodymyr Prushkivsky, Iryna Lazneva

      Abstract

      This article clarifies the nature and features of the digital economy, which is developing at an exponential rate, radically changing the essence of business and affecting all sectors of the economy. Its influence on the development of the global economy is revealed, the prerequisites are outlined, and the directions of change in the values, priorities, and guidelines for the development of the digital economy of Ukraine are identified. Modern digital technologies that have been developed over the past decade offer new ways to increase productivity and create an environment enabling dynamic, competitive growth of the global economy. They help to optimize business processes, use resources more efficiently, and implement innovative solutions in various sectors of the economy. Digitalization appears to be a key factor in accelerating economic progress and creating new opportunities in international markets. Digital economy is proven to be a natural result of the innovation-oriented development of the market economic system. The spread of digital technologies will result in increased efficiency and competitiveness of businesses, as well as the development of national economies in general. The realities of economic life show that countries that have become leaders in the digitalization of their economies have the prospect of further strengthening their competitive position and, consequently, maximizing their benefits through the redistribution of resources. Ukraine’s main tasks on the path to digitalization are to launch large-scale digital transformation projects that cover key sectors of the economy and public administration. These initiatives are intended to help automate processes, increase transparency, reduce excessive bureaucracy, and improve the quality of services provided to citizens and businesses. It is important to attract significant investments to finance these projects, create modern digital infrastructure, and support the development of the technological environment. With proper development planning for the digital economy, Ukraine can change its development focus, turning disadvantages into opportunities. The strategic direction and key driver of Ukraine’s economic recovery should be the digitalization of the economy.

   3. Decision Support Systems in IT Project Management

      Liudmyla Kaminska, Tetiana A. Vakaliuk, Valentyn Yanchuk

      Abstract

      Decision support systems and automation of management processes are very much in demand in the last decade; however, this demand is not covered with professional services yet. Society becomes more and more data-driven and the application of automated development processes and project monitoring processes underlines a need to apply changes in decision-making and apply different models and tools to this domain and expand it for various business processes. The study of the improving software possibilities for project management and analysis of software and existing technical capabilities was carried out in this work. The review and outlined models allowed us to identify the main directions of software development and outline the theoretical basis for the implementation of the plugin for Jira administration. The development of the software add-on based on the fuzzy logic models represents the novelty of the research. Applying the proposed DSS system will reduce the time required to analyze the situation before decision-making. The introduction of similar systems into software development makes the business more dynamic and gives an advantage over competitors.

   4. Transformation of Digital Tourism Services

      Tetiana But, Daria Mamotenko

      Abstract

      The purpose of the study is to determine world trends in digitalization as a global trend in the tourism services modernity and to identify priority areas for their development using the Hoshin Kanri model. This study has identified publication trends and research hotspots using bibliometric analysis and the Hoshin Kanri method of modeling and controlling digitalization risks. The transformation of tourism services digitalization has been found to be occurring with the increase in the number of Internet users, the social media popularity and their ability to reach a global digital population. The business processes of the world’s leading tourism countries and leading enterprises that provide artificial intelligence tourism services are analyzed. Using Internet platforms for business is proven important. The world’s leading companies that are transforming the tourism market are identified. The ways to restore the tourism industry after the COVID-19 pandemic through digital transformation are defined. The availability of financial support for projects on eco-tours, SUSRUR, I-STARS, rural tourism in the EU and LookUp is determined. The growth in the tourism market by an average of 7.5% annually is expected. The result of the study is the proposed Hoshin Kanri model as a tool for planning a strategy for the priority direction of developing tourism services digitalization. The application of the Hoshin Kanri model by tourism enterprises has made it possible to identify priority areas for the tourism services development in the context of global digitalization trends.

   5. Methods of Risk Assessment and Risk Management in the Field of Defense Products Certification

      Maryna Naumenko, Dmytro Plynokos, Leonid Davydenko

      Abstract

      The purpose of this study is to identify directions for developing the risk management system for defense product certification programs based on the new edition of the ISO 31010:2019 risk management—Risk assessment techniques standard, which comes into effect on December 31, 2023, taking into account the best practices of risk management and the specifics of defense procurement. The system of national legal regulation of risk management in the field of defense products is just beginning to develop. In Ukraine, for a long time, the issue of risk management in the defense sector was regulated exclusively by legal acts of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, which approved the Procedure for Internal Control and Risk Management, which took into account mostly risks in the field of defense. Defense programs are highly complex systems consisting of hardware and software, multiple vendors, rapid technology changes, and obsolescence issues, and their inefficiency poses high risks to the nation’s defense capability and personnel safety. In the contrast to NATO, Ukraine had a dichotomy rather than synergy between the military and civilian sectors. The entry into force of international standards ISO/IEC 31,000, 31,010, 31,004 in Ukraine creates a regulatory framework for such synergy. In Ukraine, a wide range of defense programs stakeholders have begun to accept risk management as the main management tool, even though the standard is not mandatory and do not directly regulates the certification procedures; and more and more certification bodies are relying on it, recognizing its value and benefits.

   6. Complementarity of Digitalization and Decarbonization of the Economy in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

      Nataliia Levchenko, Ganna Shyshkanova, Serhii Levchenko, Olena Hryhorieva, Tetyana Zaytseva

      Abstract

      The article asserts that the world has entered a novel era—the era of digitization, where the impact of digital technologies is progressively evident in all sectors of the economy and serves as a foundation for all other processes. Nevertheless, it is complex and controversial. On one hand, digitalization contributes to economic growth and encourages sustainable development in countries and businesses. On the other hand, it also leads to an accelerated rate of electricity consumption, resulting in increased carbon emissions. Therefore, the issue of the carbon footprint caused by digitalization remains a top priority on the agenda. The results of the research conducted, based on the data from Google Corporation—a leading producer of digital products and creator of digital platforms, offer a comprehensive response to the query. The decoupling analysis is conducted to compare simultaneous trends of the economic growth rate and the growth rate of negative pressure to the environment. The correlation-regressive apparatus is used to develop a multifactorial nonlinear mathematical model establishing a relationship between key indicators of business activity and greenhouse gas emissions generated. It is proven that Google choses a carbon–neutral development approach aimed at promoting sustainability among the corporation and all stakeholders in the value chain.

   7. Digitalization of the Economy as a Prerequisite for Tourism Development

      Daria Mamotenko, Tetiana But

      Abstract

      The article is devoted to studying the digital economy and tourism. The purpose of the study is to identify digital tools for tourism development and to assess the relationship between tourism development indicators and the economy digitalization. The methodological basis of the study is the following methods: theoretical generalization, comparison, classification, entropy method, correlation analysis, spatial correlation model of forecasting. The study reveals the essence and interdependence of the concepts: “digital tourism,” “e-tourism” and “smart tourism.” The relationship between the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) and the World Digital Competitiveness Ranking (WDCR) for 2019 and 2021 is considered, which shows a high degree of direct linear dependence. The impact of the digital economy and individual technologies on tourism industry entities and tourism in general is analyzed. It is proved that the potential for using modern digital technologies in the field of tourism is significant. It established that digitalization is a new form of interaction between consumers and producers of tourism services and in the modern economy has become a source of competitive advantages for tourism organizations around the world. The article analyzes modern digital transformations of tourism, in particular: artificial intelligence technologies, robotization, blockchain technologies, mobile Internet and mobile applications, big data technologies, Internet of Things, virtual and augmented reality technologies, cloud technologies. Originality/value: Consists in identifying digital tools for tourism development and assessing the relationship between tourism development indicators and the economy digitalization.

   8. The Role of Urbanization in Stimulating Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in a Transition Economy

      Dmytro Bondar, Serhii Hushko, Victoria Radko, Victoria Solovieva, Oleksandr Temchenko

      Abstract

      Urbanization processes have been determining socio-economic life for the past two centuries, influencing the development of society and its economic opportunities. The current stage of urbanization creates new challenges and prospects for sustainable economic growth. In the context of economic transformations taking place in many countries, urbanization affects the situation in business, causing both new difficulties and opportunities for the development of production and economic activities. The current economic situation in the world, as well as in Ukraine, is characterized by a depressed situation caused by the accumulation of ineffective reforms and an unstable geopolitical situation. Even so, urbanization and transformation processes can be a key factor in activating small and medium-sized businesses, which play an important role in economic development. The paper aims to identify effective strategies to reduce the negative impact of economic transformations and find new opportunities for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the context of urbanization. By analyzing the inter-action of these factors, it is possible to develop innovative strategies aimed at supporting and stimulating the business environment in a transformational economy, ensuring sustainable and balanced economic growth.

   9. Strategic Priorities of Human Resources Development in Ukraine in the Context of Digital Transformation of the National Economy

      Tetiana Nemchenko, Ilona Androshchuk, Olha Viunyk, Oksana Storozhuk

      Abstract

      The paper is devoted to the topical problem of intensification of entrepreneurial activity in crisis conditions due to the formation of a strategic model of human resources development. The preconditions and problems of Ukraine’s economic development in the context of the military invasion and predicted its current trends for the postwar recovery period were identified. It was determined that the key resource in terms of minimizing funding is human resources, the strategic development of which could form an effective system of recovery of the economy. The main priority in the development of human resources in the context of the EU accession is the movement toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The measures of the mechanism of strategic human resources development include socio-demographic, financial and economic, scientific and technological, medical and organizational, educational, professional, and organizational and physiological activities. The need for a strategically oriented approach, improving the financial support of social development, projects and programs, innovation, digitalization, development of social inclusion, overcoming the “digital divide” has been justified. The necessity of improving the legislative support of human resources development, labor market regulation, social relations has been highlighted. The need for state support for innovation, development of innovation-integrated structures and innovation ecosystems, introduction of smart-approach and smart-specializations while the process of human resources development in strategic perspective has been marked. In order to ensure and support the process of strategic human resources development, a model of monitoring procedures was defined to intensify the process of overcoming crises and restoring socio-economic well-being.

   10. Conceptual Principles of Electronic Government Strategy Implementation in Ukraine in the Context of Economic Transformation

       Valentyn Orlov, Hanna Purii, Viktoriia Poliakova, Maryna Baida, Volodymyr Kulishov

       Abstract

       The paper outlines e-governance concept and models in the information society, considers the matrix of interactions within the framework of e-governance, studies the concept and functions of open government, presents the correlation between the concepts of e-government, open government and e-governance, demonstrates e-governance models according to the UN and the matrix of e-governance models. It singles out the problems of the legal infrastructure of electronic document flows during information interaction of state bodies, namely a systematic and comprehensive approach to the formation of the relevant legal basis, operative management of e-governance and the lack of effective coordination, the need to introduce appropriate amendments and additions to inconsistent regulations, harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with international norms and standards, data protection regulation in state bodies’ interaction through the Internet, etc. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to study the e-governance development concept. Research system. The techniques applied for solving the research tasks are cognition, comparative, analytical, economic analysis, and expert methods.

   11. Use of Digital Applications: Status and Prospects of Development

       Larysa Martseniuk, Yevheniia Kovalenko-Marchenkova, Valentyna Zaytseva, Sergiy Tsviliy, Tetiana Kuklina

       Abstract

       The article emphasizes the need to transition to digital information storage in accordance with the requirements of the Sustainable Development Concept. The DIYA app, implemented in Ukraine several years ago, is used as an example of digital transformation. The paper documents recognized as legitimate in electronic format in Ukraine for the first time in global practice are examined. The advantages and disadvantages of the DIYA app, which is widely used among the Ukrainian population, are analyzed. The article focuses on key digital services that are most indemand among users. Target groups of consumers who most actively interact with the platform are identified. It is based on the “DIYA” application, which was introduced in Ukraine several years ago. Paper documents, which for the first time in the world in Ukraine acquired the status of legitimate in electronic form, are characterized. The advantages and disadvantages of the “DIYA” application, which is popular among the population of Ukraine, are analyzed; attention is focused on the main digital services that are in demand among Ukrainians in this application. Segments of consumers who most often use the DIYA digital service are highlighted. The options of the “DIYA” application, which contribute to the establishment of effective anti-crisis communications between the government and society and the establishment of democratic participation of citizens in the management of the state in the context of making certain decisions, have been analyzed. Examples of successful use of digital documents in some countries of the European Union are given. The vectors of further development of digital services in Ukraine are outlined, in particular, the construction of an electronic platform of official state statistical information. The need to maintain the confidentiality of users’ personal data was emphasized, and recommendations regarding this requirement were provided.