Skip to main content
Top

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

6. Tar Evolution in the Two Stage Fluid Bed-Plasma Gasification Process

Author : Massimiliano Materazzi

Published in: Clean Energy from Waste

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Waste gasification is considered a valuable solution to the production of clean energy and bio-fuels provided that the syngas produced in the gasifier is free of condensable tars and organic sulphur contaminants that cause equipment fouling and deactivation of catalytic stages downstream.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Álvarez-Rodríguez R, Clemente-Jul C (2008) Hot gas desulphurisation with dolomite sorbent in coal gasification. Fuel 87(17–18):3513–3521CrossRef Álvarez-Rodríguez R, Clemente-Jul C (2008) Hot gas desulphurisation with dolomite sorbent in coal gasification. Fuel 87(17–18):3513–3521CrossRef
go back to reference Appel J, Bockhorn H, Frenklach M (2000) Kinetic modeling of soot formation with detailed chemistry and physics: Laminar premixed flames of C2 hydrocarbons. Combust Flame 121(1–2):122–136CrossRef Appel J, Bockhorn H, Frenklach M (2000) Kinetic modeling of soot formation with detailed chemistry and physics: Laminar premixed flames of C2 hydrocarbons. Combust Flame 121(1–2):122–136CrossRef
go back to reference Basu P, Kaushal P (2009) Modeling of pyrolysis and gasification of biomass in fluidized beds: a review. Chem Prod Process Model 4(1) Basu P, Kaushal P (2009) Modeling of pyrolysis and gasification of biomass in fluidized beds: a review. Chem Prod Process Model 4(1)
go back to reference Bo Z et al (2008) Plasma assisted dry methane reforming using gliding arc gas discharge: effect of feed gases proportion. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33(20):5545–5553CrossRef Bo Z et al (2008) Plasma assisted dry methane reforming using gliding arc gas discharge: effect of feed gases proportion. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33(20):5545–5553CrossRef
go back to reference Cui H et al (2010) Contaminant estimates and removal in product gas from biomass steam gasification. Energy Fuels 24(2):1222–1233CrossRef Cui H et al (2010) Contaminant estimates and removal in product gas from biomass steam gasification. Energy Fuels 24(2):1222–1233CrossRef
go back to reference Doolan K, Mackie J, Tyler R (1987) Coal flash pyrolysis: secondary cracking of tar vapours in the range 870–2000 K☆. Fuel 66(4):572–578CrossRef Doolan K, Mackie J, Tyler R (1987) Coal flash pyrolysis: secondary cracking of tar vapours in the range 870–2000 K☆. Fuel 66(4):572–578CrossRef
go back to reference Dufour A et al (2009) Kinetics of thermal conversion of methane in a syngas. Biomass 956–959 Dufour A et al (2009) Kinetics of thermal conversion of methane in a syngas. Biomass 956–959
go back to reference Futamura S, Annadurai G (2005) Plasma reforming of aliphatic hydrocarbons with CO2. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 41(6):1515–1521 Futamura S, Annadurai G (2005) Plasma reforming of aliphatic hydrocarbons with CO2. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 41(6):1515–1521
go back to reference Futamura S, Annadurai G (2008) Effects of temperature, voltage properties, and initial gas composition on the plasma reforming of aliphatic hydrocarbons with. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 44(1):53–60 Futamura S, Annadurai G (2008) Effects of temperature, voltage properties, and initial gas composition on the plasma reforming of aliphatic hydrocarbons with. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 44(1):53–60
go back to reference García-Labiano F, Hampartsoumian E, Williams A (1995) Determination of sulfur release and its kinetics in rapid pyrolysis of coal. Fuel 74(7):1072–1079CrossRef García-Labiano F, Hampartsoumian E, Williams A (1995) Determination of sulfur release and its kinetics in rapid pyrolysis of coal. Fuel 74(7):1072–1079CrossRef
go back to reference Graber WD, Hüttinger KJ (1982) Chemistry of methane formation in hydrogasification of aromatics. 2. Non-substituted aromatics. Fuel 61(6):499–504 Graber WD, Hüttinger KJ (1982) Chemistry of methane formation in hydrogasification of aromatics. 2. Non-substituted aromatics. Fuel 61(6):499–504
go back to reference Howard IB (1981) Fundamentals of coal pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis. In: Elliott MA (ed) Chemistry of coal utilization, vol 2d Suppl. Wiley, New York Howard IB (1981) Fundamentals of coal pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis. In: Elliott MA (ed) Chemistry of coal utilization, vol 2d Suppl. Wiley, New York
go back to reference Jazbec M, Sendt K, Haynes BS (2004) Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the fate of sulphur compounds in gasification products. Fuel 83(16):2133–2138CrossRef Jazbec M, Sendt K, Haynes BS (2004) Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the fate of sulphur compounds in gasification products. Fuel 83(16):2133–2138CrossRef
go back to reference Knudsen JN et al (2004a) Sulfur transformations during thermal conversion of herbaceous biomass. Energy Fuels 18(3):810–819MathSciNetCrossRef Knudsen JN et al (2004a) Sulfur transformations during thermal conversion of herbaceous biomass. Energy Fuels 18(3):810–819MathSciNetCrossRef
go back to reference Knudsen JN, Jensen PA, Dam-Johansen K (2004b) Transformation and release to the gas phase of Cl, K, and S during combustion of annual biomass. Energy Fuels 18(5):1385–1399CrossRef Knudsen JN, Jensen PA, Dam-Johansen K (2004b) Transformation and release to the gas phase of Cl, K, and S during combustion of annual biomass. Energy Fuels 18(5):1385–1399CrossRef
go back to reference Lee DH et al (2010a) Plasma-controlled chemistry in plasma reforming of methane. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(20):10967–10976CrossRef Lee DH et al (2010a) Plasma-controlled chemistry in plasma reforming of methane. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(20):10967–10976CrossRef
go back to reference Lee DH et al (2010b) Effect of excess oxygen in plasma reforming of diesel fuel. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(10):4668–4675CrossRef Lee DH et al (2010b) Effect of excess oxygen in plasma reforming of diesel fuel. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(10):4668–4675CrossRef
go back to reference Lee DH et al (2013) Mapping plasma chemistry in hydrocarbon fuel processing processes. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 33(1):249–269CrossRef Lee DH et al (2013) Mapping plasma chemistry in hydrocarbon fuel processing processes. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 33(1):249–269CrossRef
go back to reference Marias F et al (2016) Modeling of tar thermal cracking in a plasma reactor. Fuel Process Technol 149:139–152CrossRef Marias F et al (2016) Modeling of tar thermal cracking in a plasma reactor. Fuel Process Technol 149:139–152CrossRef
go back to reference Meng X (2012) Biomass gasification: the understanding of sulfur, tar, and char reaction in fluidized bed gasifiers Meng X (2012) Biomass gasification: the understanding of sulfur, tar, and char reaction in fluidized bed gasifiers
go back to reference Mohammedi MN, Leuenberger JL, Amouroux J (1996) Desulfurization study of hydrocarbon molecules by plasma process for gas/oil applications. In: Preprints of papers—American Chemical Society division fuel chemistry, 211th National meeting, vol 41, no 1. pp 503–509 Mohammedi MN, Leuenberger JL, Amouroux J (1996) Desulfurization study of hydrocarbon molecules by plasma process for gas/oil applications. In: Preprints of papers—American Chemical Society division fuel chemistry, 211th National meeting, vol 41, no 1. pp 503–509
go back to reference Morf P, Hasler P, Nussbaumer T (2002) Mechanisms and kinetics of homogeneous secondary reactions of tar from continuous pyrolysis of wood chips. Fuel 81(7):843–853CrossRef Morf P, Hasler P, Nussbaumer T (2002) Mechanisms and kinetics of homogeneous secondary reactions of tar from continuous pyrolysis of wood chips. Fuel 81(7):843–853CrossRef
go back to reference Murakami T et al (2007) Some process fundamentals of biomass gasification in dual fluidized bed. Fuel 86(1–2):244–255CrossRef Murakami T et al (2007) Some process fundamentals of biomass gasification in dual fluidized bed. Fuel 86(1–2):244–255CrossRef
go back to reference Nelson PF, Hüttinger KJ (1986) The effect of hydrogen pressure and aromatic structure on methane yields from the hydropyrolysis of aromatics. Fuel 65(3):354–361 Nelson PF, Hüttinger KJ (1986) The effect of hydrogen pressure and aromatic structure on methane yields from the hydropyrolysis of aromatics. Fuel 65(3):354–361
go back to reference Nelson PF, Tyler RJ (1988) Formation of light gases and aromatic species during the rapid pyrolysis of coal. In: Symposium (international) on combustion, vol 21, no 1, pp 427–435 Nelson PF, Tyler RJ (1988) Formation of light gases and aromatic species during the rapid pyrolysis of coal. In: Symposium (international) on combustion, vol 21, no 1, pp 427–435
go back to reference Norinaga K, Hüttinger KJ (2003) Kinetics of surface reactions in carbon deposition from light hydrocarbons. Carbon 41(8):1509–1514CrossRef Norinaga K, Hüttinger KJ (2003) Kinetics of surface reactions in carbon deposition from light hydrocarbons. Carbon 41(8):1509–1514CrossRef
go back to reference Rabou LPLM et al (2009) Tar in biomass producer gas, the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) experience: an enduring challenge. Energy Fuels 23(12):6189–6198CrossRef Rabou LPLM et al (2009) Tar in biomass producer gas, the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) experience: an enduring challenge. Energy Fuels 23(12):6189–6198CrossRef
go back to reference Richter H, Howard J (2000) Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot—a review of chemical reaction pathways. Prog Energy Combust. Sci., 26(4–6):565–608 Richter H, Howard J (2000) Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot—a review of chemical reaction pathways. Prog Energy Combust. Sci., 26(4–6):565–608
go back to reference Skoulou V et al (2009) Process characteristics and products of olive kernel high temperature steam gasification (HTSG). Bioresour Technol 100(8):2444–2451CrossRef Skoulou V et al (2009) Process characteristics and products of olive kernel high temperature steam gasification (HTSG). Bioresour Technol 100(8):2444–2451CrossRef
go back to reference Snoeckx R et al (2013) Plasma-based dry reforming: a computational study ranging from the nanoseconds to seconds time scale. J Phys Chem C 117(10):4957–4970CrossRef Snoeckx R et al (2013) Plasma-based dry reforming: a computational study ranging from the nanoseconds to seconds time scale. J Phys Chem C 117(10):4957–4970CrossRef
go back to reference Tao X et al (2011) CH4-CO2 reforming by plasma—challenges and opportunities. Prog Energy Combust Sci 37(2):113–124CrossRef Tao X et al (2011) CH4-CO2 reforming by plasma—challenges and opportunities. Prog Energy Combust Sci 37(2):113–124CrossRef
go back to reference Weng CC et al (2004) Modification of aliphatic self-assembled monolayers by free-radical-dominant plasma: the role of the plasma composition. Langmuir 20(23):10093–10099CrossRef Weng CC et al (2004) Modification of aliphatic self-assembled monolayers by free-radical-dominant plasma: the role of the plasma composition. Langmuir 20(23):10093–10099CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Tar Evolution in the Two Stage Fluid Bed-Plasma Gasification Process
Author
Massimiliano Materazzi
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46870-9_6