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Significance of Ammonothermal Synthesis for Nitride Materials Read chapter Read first chapter

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Technical Solutions for In Situ Monitoring of Ammonothermal Processes

Author : Eberhard Schlücker

Published in: Ammonothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of Nitrides

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Due to the thick-walled autoclaves, the ammonothermal system has long been regarded as a black box and the crystal quality was only improved through systematic, time-consuming experiments [1]. One of the main goals therefore was to bring “light into the dark” with new window design for the extreme process parameters of larger than 650 °C and simultaneously 300 MPa.

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previous chapter Technological Challenges of Autoclave Design for Ammonothermal Syntheses
next chapter Innovative Techniques for Fast Growth and Fabrication of High Purity GaN Single Crystals
Literature
1.
N.S.A. Alt, E. Meissner, E. Schlücker, L. Frey, In situ monitoring technologies for ammonothermal reactors. Phys. Status Solidi 9, 436–439 (2012)
2.
W.F. Sherman, A.A. Stadtmuller, Experimental Techniques in High‐Pressure Research (Wiley, 1987). ISBN 0‐471‐10313‐6
3.
R. Whyman, Laboratory Methods in Vibrational Spectroscopy, ed. by H. A. Willis, J. H. van der Maas, R. G. J. Miller, Wiley (1987)
4.
DIN 7080:2005-05, Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (2005)
5.
S. Pimputkar, S. Nakamura, Decomposition of supercritical ammonia and modeling of supercritical ammonia–nitrogen–hydrogen solutions with applicability toward ammonothermal conditions. Supercrit. Fluids 107, 17–30 (2016)
6.
A.T. Larson, The ammonia equilibrium at high pressures. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 46, 367–372 (1924) CrossRef
7.
H. Baser, W. Schwieger, D. Freitag, T. Steigerwald, E. Schlücker, Solubility studies of sodium azide in liquid ammonia by in situ ultrasonic velocity measurement. Chem. Eng. Technol. 6, 1101–1106 (2017) CrossRef
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9.
D. Ehrentraut, Y. Kagamitani, C. Yokoyama, T. Fukuda, Physico-chemical features of the acid ammonothermal growth of GaN. J. Cryst. Growth 310, 891–895 (2008) CrossRef
10.
T. Steigerwald, J. Balouschek, B. Hertweck, A.C. Kimmel, N.S.A. Alt, E. Schluecker, In situ investigation of decomposing ammonia and ammonobasic solutions under supercritical conditions via UV/vis and Raman Spectroscopy. J. Supercrit. Fluids 134, 96–105 (2018) CrossRef
11.
S. Schimmel, P. Duchstein, T. Steigerwald, A.C. Kimmel, E. Schlücker, D. Zahn, R. Niewa, P. Wellmann, In situ X-ray monitoring of transport and chemistry of Ga-containing intermediates under ammonothermal growth conditions of GaN. J. Cryst. Growth 498, 214–223 (2018) CrossRef
12.
S. Schimmel, M. Koch, P. Macher, A.C. Kimmel, T. Steigerwald, N. Alt, E. Schlücker, P. Wellmann, Solubility and dissolution kinetics of GaN in supercritical ammonia in presence of ammonoacidic and ammonobasic mineralizers. J. Cryst. Growth 479, 59–66 (2017) CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Technical Solutions for In Situ Monitoring of Ammonothermal Processes
Author
Eberhard Schlücker
Copyright Year
2021
Book
Ammonothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of Nitrides

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-56304-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-56305-9

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56305-9_4