The Efficiency of Herbicide Use Patterns in Soybean Crops in the Amur Region of Russia

In the Amur Region, soybeans are cultivated in specialized crop rotations; its share in the structure of sown areas is more than 70%. This leads to repeated crops and deterioration of the phytosanitary state. Soil cultivation is minimized, weed control is carried out mainly by a chemical method. A wide range of herbicides is offered to agricultural enterprises, making it difficult to choose. Therefore, the scientific substantiation of the most effective agricultural chemicals is relevant. The experiment revealed a strong correlation dependence of the yield on the biological efficiency of the application of pre-emergence herbicides (r = 0.877) and the share of the weed component of agrophytocenosis represented by dicotyledonous weeds 25 days after herbicide application (by the number r = −0.936; by mass r = −0.825). The most effective herbicide use pattern has been established: pre-emergence application of tank mixture of 0.5 l/g of the herbicide containing Clomazone 480 g/l; 0.1 l/g of the herbicide containing Flumioxazin 480 g/l with post-emergence application of tank mixture of 0.6 l/ha of the herbicide containing Imazamox 40 g/l; 0.006 kg/ha of the herbicide containing Thifensulfuron-methyl 750 g/kg; 1.0 l/ha of the preparation containing Haloxyfop-R-methyl 104 g/l. Biological efficiency reaches 90% with pre-emergence herbicide application against dicotyledonous weeds and with post-emergence herbicide application against Equisetum arvense L. Applying of this herbicide use pattern contributes to the high productivity of soybean, allows increasing the yield by 1.4 times and reaching the level of 3.3 t/ha.