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Published in:
2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
The Encrypted Communication in Napoleon’s Telegraph: Chappe’s Vocabulary from Morphemes to Graphemes
Author : Anna Marott
Published in: Proceedings of the 2nd International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Image and Imagination
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
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Abstract
The term/telegraph/is normally interpreted as a distance communication system, projected for the transmission of data (letters, numbers, punctuation marks, words or entire sentences) using certain codes and specific conventional protocols.
The term (concept) “telegraph” arised, in its contemporary meaning in use, from a project by Abbot Claude Chappe, from its debut during the French Revolution to the Empire of Napoleon (who sensed its strategic value).
The encrypted signified “images” transmitted, real iconémi (“icons” forse, ma significa icone), provided the basis for a very precise communication code, configured as morphemes (when generated by the “machine”) or graphemes (when transcribed in pen in the dépeches - dispatches - on paper). Systematically, the contribution takes for a comparative review the fundamental aspects of the system: machines and models, transmission systems and procedures; but also vocabularies, codes and signals, in their transformations over time, to better understand the geometric-formal and cultural matrix of the sememes. Programmatically, this survey has been framed within the intense scientific-cultural debate animating (between ‘700 and 800’), the development of Science and Technology, keeping in mind aspects of the culture of vision (in particular semiotic and perceptive aspects) towards contemporaneity.