Because the air transportation is a labor-intensive industry, human resource is one of the most crucial elements in order to survive and achieve the sustainable growth in the increasing competitive environment. As the industry has two types of staffs, flight and ground staff, and with the spread of new technologies and globalization, all human resources processes, from personnel selection to motivation, should implement new organizational behavior models to justify labor costs. The aim of this chapter is to emphasize the importance of applying organizational behavior models in the air transportation industry. To the goal of keeping the organizational commitment of the employees and reducing the intention to leave the job employees, who have undergone intensive training, implementation of organizational behavior models will provide significant gains to the organization. Unlike many labor-intensive industries, the aviation industry requires experienced and qualified employees to run operations safely and effectively. However, due to intense competition, low profit margin pressure, seasonal effects on demand, and intense working pace, turnover and turnover rates in the aviation industry are high. The most effective use of human resources in the aviation industry is through understanding the human nature. The term “human factor” has become increasingly popular as the commercial aviation industry notices human error that underlies most aviation accidents and incidents, rather than mechanical failure. The human phenomenon in the aviation sector differs from other sectors on eight essentials: punctuality and simultaneity, service quality, risk factor, interdisciplinary cooperation, high rules and standardization, command-based activities, jargons and world language, being subject to different laws. The success of businesses operating in the air transport sector depends on effective human resources policies and practices. In this respect, one of the most important parts of the airline business is the human resources department. The impact of recruitment and training on employees increases the psychological state, loyalty, and commitment of employees to the organization. The public and private aviation companies applying organizational behavior models will be one-step ahead in achieving sustainable growth besides gaining advantage in competition.
