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Environmental Earth Sciences

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01-07-2014 | Original Article

The mineral springs of the Scrajo spa (Sorrento peninsula, Italy): a case of “natural” seawater intrusion

Authors: A. Corniello, M. Trifuoggi, G. Ruggieri

Published in: Environmental Earth Sciences | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

This paper deals with the mineral springs feeding the Scrajo spa in the Sorrento peninsula southeast of Naples, approximately 6 km from Castellammare di Stabia, another spa location. The Scrajo mineral water is sulphureous, salt-bromine-iodic and CO₂-rich. The two hydromineral areas fall within the groundwater basin of Mt. Faito formed chiefly by limestones. Due to the high permeability of the limestones, there is considerable rainwater infiltration which recharges a basal fresh groundwater resting on denser seawater. This groundwater body feeds the mineral springs of the Scrajo spa, the springs of Castellammare di Stabia and some submarine springs. All the data gathered for the Scrajo springs led to propose the following mineralisation scheme: (1) The basal fresh groundwater of Mt. Faito (on underlying seawater) receives endogenous contributions of CO₂ and H₂S which cause a “natural” seawater intrusion within the fresh groundwater; (2) The upwelling of gases would appear to occur via the major faults which bound Sorrento peninsula to the NW; (3) During the year, the chemistry of the springs changes according to different degrees of seawater intrusion: the minimum occurs in June and the maximum in November. The close interaction between the sea and the Scrajo’s mineral waters (but also those of Castellammare di Stabia) highlights their particular vulnerability not only to over-extraction of groundwater but also to climate change. Finally, a hypothesis is presented to explain the connection between the mineral waters rich in CO₂ and H₂S and the concentration of karst phenomena observed in the Scrajo area.

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Title: The mineral springs of the Scrajo spa (Sorrento peninsula, Italy): a case of “natural” seawater intrusion
Authors: A. Corniello
M. Trifuoggi
G. Ruggieri
Publication date: 01-07-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Environmental Earth Sciences / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 1866-6280
Electronic ISSN: 1866-6299
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2942-6

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